Impact of the Experience of Sexual Abuse on Depression in Female Adolescents and Mediation Effect of Distorted Sex-Related Belief

성폭력 경험이 청소년기 여학생의 우울에 미치는 영향과 왜곡된 성통념의 매개효과

  • 김재엽 (연세대학교 사회복지학과) ;
  • 최지현 (연세대학교 사회복지연구소, 연세대학교 사회복지전문대학원)
  • Received : 2008.12.31
  • Accepted : 2009.03.13
  • Published : 2009.04.30

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to clarify the impact of sexual abuse experienced by female adolescents on depression and to examine mediation effects of distorted beliefs related to sex. Self-report questionnaires were distributed to middle and high school female students in Seouland Gyonggi Areas. The549responseswereanalyzedbyregressionanalysis. Results indicated that 22.2% of the respondents had experienced sexual abuse; the experience of sexual abuse had a significant effect on distorted sex-related belief, but not on depression. Distorted sex-related beliefs, however, mediated between the experience of sexual abuse and depression. This study suggests the necessity for intervention and practical methods for the prevention of adolescent sexual abuse.

Keywords

References

  1. 김영희 . 안상미(2008). 가족의 응집성과 적응성, 부모-자녀간 의사소통, 가족갈등과 청소년의 우울 및 비행. 청소년학연구, 15(2), 1-30.
  2. 김정규(1998). 성피해의 심리적 후유증. 한국심리학회지 : 임상, 17(1), 331-345.
  3. 김정규 . 김중술(2000). 아동기 성피해의 심리적 후유증-성인기 정신건강에 미치는 영향을 중심으로. 한국심리학회지 : 임상, 19(4), 747-769.
  4. 김재엽 . 이근영(1998). 청소년 성폭력 피해실태 및 피해경험에 따른 정신건강에 관한 연구. 여성연구, 55, 247-272.
  5. 김재엽 . 이서원(1998). 청소년 성폭력 예방과 대책을 위한 성폭력 특별법의 개정방향. 한국청소년 연구, 27, 1-16.
  6. 권희경 . 박 경(2003). 성폭력 장기후유증 척도의 타당화 연구-중,고,대학생 및 대학원생들을 중심으로. 한국심리학회지 : 여성, 8(3), 15-33.
  7. 권희경 . 장재흥(2003). 청소년 성피해자들의 성폭력 인식과 자기손해적 성행동. 한국심리학회지 : 여성, 8(3), 35-47.
  8. 박 경 . 김혜은(2006). 여대생의 성피해 경험과 우울간의 관계에서 문제 해결의 중재효과. 한국심리학회 논문집, 건강심리학회 : 포스터발표자료.
  9. 이미경(2000). 성폭력의 실태와 대책. 생명연구, 4, 157-175.
  10. 이석재(1999). 강간통념척도의 개방과 타당도 검증. 한국심리학회 : 사회 및 성격, 13(2), 131-148.
  11. 이윤희(1997). 성폭력의 사회적 통념과 피해영향에 관한 연구. 통일문제와 국제관계, 8, 279-293.
  12. 이은하 . 정혜정(2002). 가족환경 변인에 따른 청소년의 심리적 부적응. 한국가족복지학회지, 5(2), 69-86.
  13. 조현빈(2006). 성폭력과 성폭력 피해자 심리의 이해. 한국범죄심리학회, 2(2), 39-59.
  14. Arata, C. M. (1999). Coping with rape : The role of prior sexual abuse and attributions of blame. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 14, 62-78. https://doi.org/10.1177/088626099014001004
  15. Boney-Mccoy, S., & Finkelhor, D. (1995). Psychosocial sequelae of violent victimization in a national youth sample. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 63(5), 726-736. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.63.5.726
  16. Branscombe, N. R., Wohl, M. J., Owen, S., Allison, J. A., & N'gbala, A. (2003). Counterfactual thinking, blame assignment, and well-being in rape victimes. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 25, 265-273.
  17. Brener, N. D., McMahon, P. M., Warren, C. W., & Douglas, K. A. (1999). Forced sexual intercourse and associated health-risk behaviors among female college students in the United States. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 67(2), 252-259. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.67.2.252
  18. Brown, A., & Finkelhor, D. (1986). The impact of child sexual abuse : A review of the research. Psychological Bulletin, 99(1), 66-77. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.99.1.66
  19. Briere, J., & Elliott, D. M. (2003). Prevalence and psychological sequelae of self-reported childhood physical and sexual abuse in a general population sample of men and women. Child Abuse & Neglect, 27, 1205-1222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2003.09.008
  20. Christner, R., W., Stewart, J., L., & Freeman, A. (2007). Cognitive-behavioral group treatment for child sexual abuse. Handbook of Cognitive-Behavior Group Therapy With Children Adolescents, 273-292. New York : Roudedge.
  21. Coffey. P., Leitenberg, H., Henning, K., Turner, T., & Bennett, R. T. (1996). Mediator of the long-term impact of child sexual abuse : Perceives stigma, betrayal, powerlessness, and self blame. Child Abuse and Neglect, 20(5), 447-455. https://doi.org/10.1016/0145-2134(96)00019-1
  22. Daigneault, I., Tourigny, M., & Heben, M. (2006). Self-Attributions of Blame in Sexually Abused, Adolescents : A Mediational Model. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 19(1), 153-157. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.20101
  23. Dube, S., Anda, R., Whitfield, C., Brown, D., Felitti, V., Dong, M., & Giles, W. (2005). Long-Term Consequences of Childhood Sexual Abuse by Gender of Victim. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 28(5), 430-438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2005.01.015
  24. Feiring, C., & Cleland, C. (2007). Childhood sexual abuse and abuse-specific attributions of blame over 6years following discovery. Child Abuse and Neglect, 31, 1169-1186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2007.03.020
  25. Feiring, C., Taska. L., & Lewis, M. (2002). Adjustment following sexual abuse discovery : The role of shame and attributional style. Developmental Psychology, 38(1), 79-92. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.38.1.79
  26. Finkelhor, D., & Berliner, L. (1995). Research on the treatment of sexual abused children : a review and recommendations. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 34(11), 1408-1423. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199511000-00007
  27. Finkelhor, D., Hotaling, G., Lewis, IA., & Smith, C. (1990). Sexual abuse in a national survey of adult men and women : prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors. Child Abuse and Neglect, 14, 19-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/0145-2134(90)90077-7
  28. Ginzburg, K., Arnow, B., Hart, S., Gardner, W., Koopman, C., Classen, C. C., Giese-Davis, J., & Spiegel, D. (2006). The abuse-related beliefs questionaire for survivors of childhood sexual abuse. Child Abuse and Neglect, 30, 929-943. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2006.01.004
  29. Jumper, S., A. (1995). A meta-analysis of the relationship of child sexual abuse to adult psycological adjustment. Child abuse and Neglect, 19, 793-799. https://doi.org/10.1016/0145-2134(95)00047-C
  30. Kathleen, M., C. (2005). An Evaluation of cognitive processing therapy for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder related to childhood sexual abuse. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73(5), 965-97105. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.73.5.965
  31. Kenny, D. A., Kashy, D. A., & Bolger, N. (1998). Data analysis in social .psychology. In D. Gilben, S. Fiske, & G. Lindzey(Eds.). The handbook of social psychology, 1. 4th ed. 233-265. Boston, MA : McGraw-Hill.
  32. Leserman, J. (2005). Sexual Abuse History : Prevalence, Health Effects, Mediators, and Psychological Treatment, Psychosomatic Medicine, 67, 906-915 https://doi.org/10.1097/01.psy.0000188405.54425.20
  33. Mannarino, A. P., & Cohen, J. A. (1996). Abuse-related attributions and perceptions, general attributions, and locus of control in sexually abused girls. Journal of Interpersonal. Violence, 11, 162-180.
  34. Paolucci, E. O., Genuis, M. L., & Violato, C. (2001). A meta-analysis of the published research on the effects of child sexual abuse. The Journal of Psychology, 135(1), 17-36. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980109603677
  35. Plant, M., Miller, P., & Plant, M. (2004). Childhood and Adult Sexual Abuse: Relationships With Alcohol and Other Psychoactive Drug Use. Child Abuse Review, 13(3), 200-214. https://doi.org/10.1002/car.845
  36. Polusny, M., & Follette, V. (1995). Long term correlation of child sexual abuse : theory and review of the empirical literature. Applied and Prevention Psychology, 4(3), 143-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0962-1849(05)80055-1
  37. Putnam, F., W. (2003). Ten-year research update review : Child Sexual Abuse. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 42(3), 269-278. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-200303000-00006
  38. Robertson, J. F., & Simons, R. L. (1990). Family factors, self-esteem, and adolescent depression. Journal of marriage and the Family. 57, 435-448. https://doi.org/10.2307/353697
  39. Weiner, B. (1986). Sportaneous casual thinking. Psycological Bulletin, 97(1), 74-84.
  40. Williams, M., B. (1993). Assessing the Traumatic Impact of Child Sexual Abuse What Makes It More Severe?. Journal of child abuse, 2(2) 41-59. https://doi.org/10.1300/J070v02n02_04
  41. Whiffen, V., & Clark, S. (1997). Does victimization account for sex differences in depressive symptoms? The British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 36(2), 185-193. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8260.1997.tb01406.x
  42. Wyatt, G. E., Newcomb, M, & Notgrass, S. M. (1991). Internal and external mediator of women's rape experiences. In a. Wolpert Burgess(Ed.), rape and sexual assault, 32-43, New York : Garland.
  43. Zlotnick, C., Mattia, J., & Zimmerman, M. (2001). Clinical features of survivors of sexual abuse with major depression. Child Abuse & Neglect, 25(3), 357-367. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0145-2134(00)00251-9