Soil Characteristics and Soil Salinity Changes in the Reclaimed Tideland of Korea

간척지 토양특성과 토양염류도 변화 개관

To obtain the basic data on reclaimed tideland soils, 90 soil samples were collected from 9 tideland reclamation project areas in Korea. The soils consisted of clay (2.0 to 35.0 percents), silt (2.0 to 80.0 percents), and sand (8.0 to 95.0 percents), and were dominantly classified sandy loam and silty loam. The soils had pH of 4.5 to 9.1, organic matter of 0.50 to $19.20g\;kg^{-1}$, total nitrogen of 4 to $1,159mg\;kg^{-1}$, and avaliable phosphorus (as $P2_O_5$) of 3.5 to $147.7mg\;kg^{-1}$. The electrical conductivity in soil saturation-paste extracts (ECe) ranged between $0.62dS\;m^{-1}$ and $31.60dS\;m^{-1}$ and the concentrations of sodium and magnesium ions were higher than those of potassium and calcium ions. The magnitude of the ECe was as low as that of normal level in Nam-Po, Pu-Sa, and Kye-Hwa reclamation project areas having sandy loam texture, but was as high as that of normal level saline-sodic level in Nam-Yang and So-Po reclamation project areas having silty loam texture even though the soils were cultivated more than 10 years as a paddy. Some part of Saemangeum area was surveyed and soil textures were various; some were silt loam and some were sandy loam. The ECe values were very high in topsoil and subsoil.

간척지 토양에 대한 기본 자료를 얻기 위하여 9개소의 간척지 과제지역에서 약 90여개의 토양시료를 채취하였다. 조사 결과 토양은 점토(2-35%), 미사(2.0-80%), 모래(8-95%) 정도로 구성되있고 토성은 주로 사질양토 또는 미시질양토로 조사되었다. 토양 pH는 5.5-9.1, 유기물함량은 $0.5-19.2g\;kg^{-1}$, 총 질소함량은 $4-1159mg\;kg^{-1}$ 그리고 유효태 인산함량은 $3.5-147.7mg\;kg^{-1}$, 전기전도도는 $0.6-31.6dS\;m^{-1}$ 그리고 Na와 Mg 함량은 가리나 칼슘함량보다 높았다. ECesms 표층과 심층 모두 높은 것으로 조사되었다.