Hypopigmentary Effect of Milk Thistle Extract Silymarin

엉겅퀴 추출물 실리마린의 피부 미백효과

  • Yoo, Ick-Dong (National Cosmeceuticals Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology) ;
  • Choo, Soo-Jin (National Cosmeceuticals Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology) ;
  • Ryoo, In-Ja (National Cosmeceuticals Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology) ;
  • Kim, Young-Hee (National Cosmeceuticals Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology) ;
  • Xu, Guang-Hua (National Cosmeceuticals Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology) ;
  • Kim, Ki-Ho (R&D Center, Bioland Ltd.) ;
  • Han, Chang-Sung (R&D Center, Bioland Ltd.) ;
  • Kim, Su-Jin (Ellead Skin Research Center) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Woong (Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center) ;
  • Son, Eui-Dong (Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center)
  • 유익동 (한국생명공학연구원 기능성화장품신소재개발센터) ;
  • 추수진 (한국생명공학연구원 기능성화장품신소재개발센터) ;
  • 류인자 (한국생명공학연구원 기능성화장품신소재개발센터) ;
  • 김영희 (한국생명공학연구원 기능성화장품신소재개발센터) ;
  • 허광화 (한국생명공학연구원 기능성화장품신소재개발센터) ;
  • 김기호 ((주)바이오랜드 생명공학연구소) ;
  • 한창성 ((주)바이오랜드 생명공학연구소) ;
  • 김수진 ((주)엘리드 임상시험연구소) ;
  • 김진웅 ((주)아모레퍼시픽 기술연구원) ;
  • 손의동 ((주)아모레퍼시픽 기술연구원)
  • Published : 2009.06.30

Abstract

We found that silymarin exhibited the inhibitory effect on melanogenesis in a spontaneously immortalized mouse melanocyte cell line, Mel-Ab. Silymarin is a standardized extract obtained from the dried seeds of milk thistle (Silybum marianum Gaertn.). Silymarin significantly prevented melanin production in a dose-dependent manner with an $IC_{50}$ value of 28.2 ${\mu}g/mL$ without effects on cell viability. Also, silymarin inhibited tyrosinase activity in melanocyte, while it did not affect the catalytic activity of cell-free tyrosinase. Furthermore, Western blot analysis indicated that silymarin decreased the expression of tyrosinase protein. Silybin A/B and isosilybin A/B were also able to inhibit melanin production and tyrosinase expression in protein level. Double blind study on the clinical efficacy of a cream containing 2 % silymarin showed that silymarin have a significant skin whitening effect. Therefore, this study suggests that silymarin may be useful as a natural skin whitening agent.

천연물로부터 새로운 미백 소재를 개발하기 위하여 식물 추출물들의 미백활성을 조사한 결과, 엉겅퀴의 열매로부터 추출한 silymarin이 우수한 미백효과를 나타내는 것을 발견하였다. Silymarin으로부터 유효 성분을 분리하기 위하여 각종 컬럼 크로마토그래피 및 HPLC 등의 기법을 실시하여 silybin과 isosilybin을 분리한 후 이성질체인 silybin A와B, 그리고 isosilybin A와 B를 각각 순수 분리하였다. Silymarin은 Mel-Ab melanocyte에서 세포독성에 영향을 주지 않는 동시에 멜라닌의 생성을 억제하였고 $IC_{50}$ 값은 28.2 ${\mu}g/mL$이었다. 또한 Silymarin은 cell-based tyrosinase의 활성을 저해하고, western blot 분석 결과 tyrosinase 단백질의 발현을 감소시키는 것을 확인하였다. Silymarin으로부터 분리한 활성 화합물인 silybin 및 isosilybin의 미백 효과를 측정한 결과, 각각 42.25 ${\mu}M$ 및 16.32 ${\mu}M$$IC_{50}$ 값을 가지며 멜라닌의 생성을 억제하였으며 tyrosinase 단백질의 발현을 감소시켰다. Diastereoisomer 형태로 존재하는 silybin A 및 B, 그리고 isosilybin A 및 B의 멜라닌 저해활성을 측정한 결과, 네 가지 화합물 모두 농도 의존적으로 멜라닌의 생성을 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 피부 미백 임상연구를 실시한 결과, silymarin 2 % 함유 크림을 사용할 경우 피부 미백 효과가 유효하게 나타남을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과로부터 본 활성물질 silymarin은 피부 미백 효과가 우수한 안전한 화장품 원료로서 사용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

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