References
- Adamic, L. A., & Glance, N. (2005). The political blogosphere and the 2004 US election; Divided they blog, HP labs and Intelliseek Applied Research Center. Retrieved August 20th, 2007 from www.blogpulse.com/papers/2005/AdamicGlance-BlogWWW.pdf.
- Advisory Council on the Impact of New Media on Society (AIMS). (2008, December). Engaging New Media: Challenging Old Assumptions. Retrieved 25 June, 2009, from http://www.aims.org.sg/library/docs/AIMS%20Report%20(Dec%2008)%20-%20Engaging%20New%20Media,%20Challenging%20Old%20Assumptions.pdf
- Becker, L., & Whitney, D. C. (1980). Effects of media dependencies: Audience assessment of government. Communication Research, 7(1), 95-120. https://doi.org/10.1177/009365028000700105
- Berry, R. (2006). Will the iPod kill the radio star? Profiling podcasting as radio. Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies, 12(2), 143-162. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354856506066522
- Bimber, B., & Davis, R. (2003). Campaigning online: The Internet in U.S. elections. New York: Oxford Publishing Press.
- Black, D. A. (2001). Internet radio: A case study in medium specificity. Media, culture and society, 23, 397-408. https://doi.org/10.1177/016344301023003007
- Bositis, D. A., & Steinel, D. (1987). A synoptic history and typology of experimental research in political science. Political Behavior, 9(3), 263-284. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00988616
- Brock, T. C. (1967). Communication discrepancy and intent to persuade as determinants of counterargument production. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 3(296-309). https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1031(67)90031-5
- Brown, K. (1978). A comparison of factual recall from film and print stimuli. Journalism Quarterly, 55(350-353). https://doi.org/10.1177/107769907805500223
- Carr, D. (2008, November 9). How Obama tapped into social networks' power. New York Times. Retrieved 20 June, 2009, from http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/10/business/media/10carr.html?_r=1&scp=22&sq=obama%20new%20media&st=cse
- Chaffee, S., & Frank, S. (1996). How Amercians get political information: Print versus broadcast news. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences, 546(48), 48-58. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716296546001005
- Chaffee, S., & Tims, A. R. (1982). News media use in adolescence: Implications for political cognitions. In M. Burgoon (Ed.), Communication Yearbook 6 (pp. 736-758). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
- Chaffee, S., Zhao, X., & Leshner, G. (1994). Political knowledge and the campaign media of 1992. Communication Research, 21(3), 305-324. https://doi.org/10.1177/009365094021003004
- Cheong, J. (2006, January 4). Pod luck; Read me...now hear me - after blogs, podcasting is the next big thing as more Singaporeans jostle to be heard on the Internet. Straits Times.
- Chia, S.-A. (2006). Singapore: Govt explains ban on political podcasts. Straits Times.
- Chia, S.-A., Low, A., & Luo, S. (2006). Oppositional parties slam podcast ban rule; Mixed reactions among bloggers here, but guidelines clearer now. Straits Times.
- Chua, H. H. (2006, November 10). Singapore's blog-happy teenagers; Survey to assess how netsavvy people are find half of teens have online blogs of podcast. Straits Times.
- Clark, R. (1983). Reconsidering research on learning from media. Review of Educational Research, 53(4), 445-459. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543053004445
- Cohen, E. L., & Willis, C. (2004). One nation under radio: digital and public memory after September 11. New media & Society, 6(5), 591-610. https://doi.org/10.1177/146144804047082
- Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 155-159. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155
- Coleman, S. (2005). Blogs and the new politics of listening. The Political Quarterly, 76(2), 272-280. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-923X.2005.00679.x
- Culbertson, H., & Stempel, G. H. I. (1986). How media use and reliance affect knowledge level. Communication research, 13(579-602). https://doi.org/10.1177/009365086013004004
- Dalrymple, K. E., & Scheufele, D. A. (2007). Finally informing the electorate? How the internet got people thinking about presidential politics in 2004. The Harvard International Journal of Press-Politics, 12(3), 96-111. https://doi.org/10.1177/1081180X07302881
- DeLys, S., & Foley, M. (2006). The exchange. A Radio-Web Project for Creative Practitioners and Researchers. Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies, 12(2), 129-135. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354856506066112
- Dorning, M. (2007, February 16). Political web sites get personal: Candidates let backers write blogs, network. Chicago Tribune.
- Eagly, A. H., Wood, W., & Chaiken, S. (1978). Causal inferences about communicators and their effect on opinion change. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36, 424-435. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.36.4.424
- Eldersveld, S. J. (1951). Theory and method in voting behavior research. The Journal of Politics, 13(1), 70-87. https://doi.org/10.2307/2126123
- Eldersveld, S. J. (1956). Experimental propaganda techniques and voting behavior. The American Political Science Review, 50(1), 154-165. https://doi.org/10.2307/1951603
- Eveland, W. P. J., & Dunwoody, S. (2002). An investigation of elaboration and selective scanning as mediators of learning from the web versus print. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 46, 34-53. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15506878jobem4601_3
- Eveland, W. P. J., Seo, M., & Marton, K. (2002). Learning from the news in campaign 2000: An experimental comparison of TV news, newspapers, and online news. Media Psychology, 4, 355-380.
- Furnham, A., & Gunter, B. (1987). Effects of time of day and medium of presentation on immediate recall of violent and non-violent news. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 1(4), 255-262. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.2350010404
- Furnham, A., Gunter, B., & Green, A. (1990). Remembering science: The recall of factual information as a function of the presentation mode. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 4(3), 203-212. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.2350040305
- George, C. (2005). The internet's political impact and the penetration/participation paradox in Malaysia and Singapore. Media, Culture & Society, 27(6), 903-920. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443705057678
- Gerber, A. S., Green, D. P., & Shachar, R. (2003). Voting may be habit-forming: Evidence from a randomized field experiment. American Journal of Political Science, 47(3), 540-550. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-5907.00038
- Gonsell, H. F., & Gill, N. H. (1935). An analysis of the 1932 presidential vote in Chicago. The American Political Science Review, 29(6), 967-984. https://doi.org/10.2307/1947313
- Government's response to the recommendations made by the advisory council on the impact of new media on society (AIMS) in the report "engaging new media - challenging old assumptions". (2009, January). Retrieved 25 June, 2009, from http://www.aims.org.sg/library/docs/Govt%20Response%20to%20AIMS%20Report%20(9Jan09).pdf
- Hammersley, B. (2004). Audible Revolution, Media Guardian. Retrieved December 8th, 2006 from http://technology.guardian.co.uk/online/story/0,3605,1145689,00.html.
- Heim, J., Asting, T., & Schliemann, T. (2002). Medium effects on persuasion. NordiCHI, October 19-23, 259-261.
- iDA. (2006). Infocomm usage - Households & Individual. Retrieved September 18th, 2007 from http://www.ida.gov.sg/Publications/20070822125451.aspx.
- Just, M., & Crigler, A. (1989). Learning from the news: Experiments in media, modality, and reporting about star wars. Political Communication and Persuasion, 6, 109-127. https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.1989.9962867
- Kozma, R. B. (1994). Will media influence learning? Reframing the debate. Educational Technology Research & Development, , 42(2), 7-19.
- Lee, L. (2006, April 25). Party flouts rules with Chee's podcast on its website. Straits Times.
- Lewicki, D., & Ziaukas, T. (2000). The digital tea leaves of Election 2000: The Internet and the future of presidential politics. First Monday, 5(12).
- Lewin, J. (2008, November 5). How Barrack Obama beat John McCain with new media. Podcasting News. Retrieved 20 June, 2009, from http://www.podcastingnews.com/2008/11/05/how-barack-obama-beat-john-mccain-with-new-media/
- Lowry, D. T. (1973). Demographic similarity, attitudinal similarity, and attitude change. The Public Opinion Quarterly, 37(2), 192-208. https://doi.org/10.1086/268077
- MacDonald, J. F., Marsden, M. T., & Geist, C. D. (1980). Radio and television studies and American culture. American Quarterly, 32(3), 301-317. https://doi.org/10.2307/2712452
- Malone, J. (2007, April 6). Obama's online organizing far outpaces competitors. Cox News Service.
- McLeod, J. M., & McDonald, D. G. (1985). Beyond simple exposure: Media orientations and their impact on political processes. Communication Research, 12(1), 3-33.
- McLuhan, M. (1964). Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
- McLuhan, M. (1967). The medium is the message. London: Allen Lane.
- Media watchdog slams podcast ban. (2006, April 30th). The Straits Times.
- Miller, M. M., Singletary, M. W., & Chen, S. (1988). The roper question and television vs newspapers as sources of news. Journalism Quarterly, 65(1), 12-19. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769908806500102
- Miskin, S., & Grant, R. (2004). Political advertising in Australia. Australia: Parliament of Australia.
- Nah, S., Veenstra, A. S., & Shah, D. V. (2006). The Internet and anti-war activism: A case study of information, expression, and action. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12(1), 230-247. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2006.00323.x
- Norris, P., & Sanders, D. (2003). Message or medium? Campaign learning during the 2001 British general election. Political Communication, 20, 233-262. https://doi.org/10.1080/10584600390218878
- OFCOM. (2005). Radio-preparing for the future. Retrieved December 12th, 2006 from http://www.ofcom.org.uk/consult/condocs/radio_review/radio_review2/radio_review.pdf.
- Paolino, P., & Shaw, D. R. (2003). Can the Internet help outside candidates win the presidential nomination? Political Science and Politics, 36(2), 193-197. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049096503002063
- Patterson, T. E., & McClure, R. (1976). The unseeing eye: The myth of television power in national elections. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.
- Petty, R. E., & Wegener, D. T. (1998). Attitude change: Multiple roles for persuasion variables. In D. Gilbert, S. Fiske & G. Lindzey (Eds.), The handbook of social pscyhology (4 ed., Vol. 1, pp. 323-390). New York: McGraw-Hill.
- Reese, S. D., Rutigliano, L., Hyun, K., & Jeong, J. (2007). Mapping the blogosphere: Professional and citizen-based media in the global news arena. Journalism, 8(3), 235-261. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884907076459
- Rodan, G. (1998). The Internet and political control in Singapore. Political Science Quarterly, 113(1), 63-89. https://doi.org/10.2307/2657651
- Rubin, D. B. (2004). Teaching statistical inference for causal effects in experiments and observational studies. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 29(3), 343-367. https://doi.org/10.3102/10769986029003343
- Schramm, W. (1997). Big media, little media. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
- Schulman, G., & Worrall, C. (1970). Salience patterns, source credibility, and the sleeper effect. The Public Opinion Quarterly, 34, 371-382. https://doi.org/10.1086/267813
- Singapore Statutes Online. (n.d.). Parliamentary Elections Act. Retrieved December 8th, 2006 from http://statutes.agc.gov.sg/.
- Smith, A. (2009). The Internet's role in campaign 2008. Washington, DC: Pew Internet & American Life Project. Retrieved 25 June, 2009, from http://www.pewinternet.org/-/media//Files/Reports/2009/The_Internets_Role_in_Campaign_2008.pdf
- Stauffer, J., Frost, R., & Rybolt, W. (1981). Recall and learning from broadcast news: Is print better? Journal of Broadcasting, 25(2), 253-262. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838158109386449
- Stelter, B. (2008, July 7). The facebooker who friended Obama. New York Times. Retrieved 20 June, 2009, from http://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/07/technology/07hughes.html?scp=79&sq=obama%20new%20media&st=cse
- Sternthal, B., Phillips, L. W., & Dholakia, R. (1978). The persuasive effect of source credibility: A situational analysis. The Public Opinion Quarterly, 42(3), 285-314. https://doi.org/10.1086/268454
- Stromer-Galley, J. (2000). On-line interaction and why candidates avoid it. Journal of Communication, 50, 111-132. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2000.tb02865.x
- Sundar, S. S., Kalyanaraman, S., & Brown, J. (2003). Explicating web site interactivity: Impression formation effects in political campaign sites. Communication Research, 30, 30-59. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650202239025
- Sundar, S. S., Narayan, S., Obregon, R., & Uppal, C. (1998). Does web advertising work? Memory for print vs. online media. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 75(4), 822-835. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769909807500414
- Sung-Ki, J. (2007, February 4th). Web users back opposition party. Korea Times.
- Tae-gyu, K. (2007, February 12th). UCC looms as national priority. Korea Times.
- Tannebaum, D. A., & Kerrick, J. (1954). Effects of newscasts' items leads upon listener interpretation. Journalism quarterly, 21, 33-37.
- Terdiman, D. (2004). You, Too, Can Be a Podcaster, Wired news. Retrieved December 10th, 2006 from http://www.wired.com/news/technology/0,1282,66133,00.html.
- Tewksbury, D., & Althaus, S. L. (2000). Differences in knowledge acquisition among readers of the paper and online versions of a national newspaper. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 77(3), 457-479. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769900007700301
- Tichenor, P. J., Donohue, G. A., & Olien, C. N. (1970). Mass media flow and differential growth in knowledge. Public Opinion Quarterly, 34(2), 159-170. https://doi.org/10.1086/267786
- Trammell, K. D., Tarkowski, A., Hofmokl, J., & Sapp, A. M. (2006). Rzeczpospolita blogow [Republic of blog]: Examining polish bloggers through content analysis. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 11(3), 702-722. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2006.00032.x
- Trammell, K. D., Williams, A. P., Postelnicu, M., & Landreville, K. D. (2006). Evolution of online campaigning: Increasing interactivity in candidate web sites and blogs through text and technical features. Mass Communication & Society, 9(1), 21-44. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327825mcs0901_2
- Tremayne, M., Zheng, N., Lee, J. K., & Jeong, J. (2006). Issue publics on the web: Applying network theory to the war blogosphere. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 112(1), 290-310.
- Vella, M. (2007, January 22). John Edwards, the e-candidate; The presidential hopeful's web efforts show the benefits and limits of using emerging media to gain an early edge in the '08 campaign. Business Week Online.
- Wall, T. (2004). The political economy of Internet radio. Radio Journal, 2(1), 27-44.
- Wilson, C. E. (1974). The effect of medium on loss of information. Journalism Quarterly, 51, 111-115. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769907405100118
- Wood, W., & Kallgren, C. A. (1988). Communicator attributes and persuasion: Recipients access to attitude-relevant information in memory. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 14, 172-182. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167288141017
Cited by
- How are newspaper companies using social media to engage and connect with their audiences? characteristics and forms of Korean newspapers’ YouTube use vol.48, pp.5, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-013-9931-4