Predictors of Meningitis in Febrile Infants Aged 3 Months or Younger

열이 있는 3개월 이하의 영아에서 수막염의 예측에 대한 연구

  • Song, Hyang Soon (Department of Pediatrics, Presbyterian Medical Center) ;
  • Kim, Eun Ok (Department of Pediatrics, Presbyterian Medical Center) ;
  • Jang, Young Taek (Department of Pediatrics, Presbyterian Medical Center)
  • 송향순 (전주 예수병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 김은옥 (전주 예수병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 장영택 (전주 예수병원 소아청소년과)
  • Received : 2009.01.23
  • Accepted : 2009.02.05
  • Published : 2009.06.25

Abstract

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify useful predictors for diagnosing bacterial meningitis and performing CSF studies in febrile infants three months or younger. Methods : Six hundred and fifty two febrile infants with a rectal temperature ${\geq}38.0^{\circ}C$ presented from January 2003 to April 2008 and were retrospectively studied. The total white blood cell count (WBC), band count, absolute neutrophil count (ANC), quantitative C-reactive protein (CRP) and blood cultures were performed on admission. The clinical variables associated with bacterial meningitis were analyzed. Results : In patients with bacterial meningitis, the clinical variables including CRP (P=0.036), band count (P=0.037), ANC (P=0.036) and age (P=0.001) were significantly different. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve was 0.969 for CRP, 0.946 for the band count, 0.765 for the ANC and 0.235 for age. A CRP cutoff point of 8 mg/dL was determined to maximize both the sensitivity and specificity (sensitivity 83%, specificity 95%, likelihood ratio 16.6). A CRP concentration of <7 mg/dL "ruled-out" bacterial meningitis, with a likelihood ratio of 0.17, a posttest probability of <0.1% and negative predictive value 91%. A CRP concentration greater than 9 mg/dL had a much higher likelihood ratio (20.1) than the band count (16.6) and ANC (2.2). Conclusion : The CRP concentration was a useful laboratory test for the differential diagnosis of bacterial meningitis among febrile infants three months of age or younger. A CRP concentration of <7 mg/dL effectively ruled out bacterial meningitis; a value ${\geq}9mg/dL$ increased the clinical suspicion of bacterial meningitis and the need for CSF evaluation.

목 적: 3개월 이하의 열이 있는 영아에서 세균성 수막염의 진단에 도움이 되는 유용한 예측인자를 알아보고자 연구를 시작하였다. 방 법: 2003년 1월부터 2008년 4월까지 전주예수병원에 직장 체온으로 $38^{\circ}C$ 이상의 발열을 주소로 내원한 3개월 이하의 영아 652명을 대상으로, 내원 당시 체온, 말초 혈액에서 총 백혈구수, 대호중구수, 절대호중구수, C-반응 단백, 혈액 배양검사를 하였고, 세균성 수막염과 연관있는 인자를 분석하였다. 결 과: 세균성 수막염과 관련된 인자로는 C-반응 단백, 대호중구수, 절대호중구수, 연령의 P value가 각각 0.036, 0.037, 0.036, 0.001로 모두 통계학적인 의의가 있었다. C-반응 단백, 대호중구수, 절대호중구수, 연령의 곡선하면적은 각각 0.969, 0.946, 0.765, 0.235이었으며, C-반응 단백의 민감도, 특이도 및 차단점은 각각 83%, 96%, 8 mg/dL, 대호중구수는 각각 83%, 95%, $2,500/mm^3$, 절대호중구수는 각각 83%, 62%, $5,100/mm^3$이었다. C-반응 단백이 7 mg/dL 미만에서는 우도가 0.17이고, 사후확률은 0.1%, 음성예측도가 91% 이어서 세균성 수막염을 배제할 수 있었으며, C-반응단백이 9 mg/dL 이상인 경우 우도는 20.1로, 대호중구수의 16.6, 절대호중구수의 2.18, 연령의 0.61보다 높아서, 혈청 C-반응 단백이 세균성 수막염을 예측하는데 가장 유용한 것으로 판단되었다. 결 론: 3개월 이하의 영아가 발열이 있는 경우 C-반응 단백, 대호중구수, 절대호중구수가 높은 경우에는 세균성 수막염과 관련이 더 많았으며, 특히 혈청 C-반응 단백이 가장 유용한 인자로, 7 mg/dL 미만인 경우는 세균성 수막염을 배제하는데 도움이 되었고, 9 mg/dL 이상인 경우에는 세균성 수막염의 강한 예측인자가 되어 뇌척수액 검사를 적극적으로 고려해야 할 것으로 사료되었다.

Keywords

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