Food Science and Biotechnology

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
권호 표지

Anti-biofilm Activity of Xanthorrhizol Isolated from Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. against Bacterial Biofilms Formed by Saliva and Artificial Multi-species Oral Strains

  • Yanti, Yanti (Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University) ;
  • Rukayadi, Yaya (Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University) ;
  • Lee, Kwan-Hyoung (Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Yonsei University) ;
  • Han, Sung-Hwa (Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Yonsei University) ;
  • Hwang, Jae-Kwan (Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University)
  • Published : 2009.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Xanthorrhizol, a sesquiterpene isolated from Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb., was used to investigate its effect on reducing the saliva and multi-species oral biofilms consisting of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis, and Actinomyces viscosus by anti-biofilm and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) assays. Xanthorrhizol exhibited significant antibiofilm activity in the dose- and time-dependent manners. Exposure to 2 and $5{\mu}g/mL$ xanthorrhizol for 30 min remained <50% of saliva and multi-species biofilms formed for 24 hr. In addition, exposure to $10{\mu}g/mL$ xanthorrhizol for 30 min reduced 65 and 77% of 24 hr saliva and multi-species oral biofilms, respectively. CLSM results visually demonstrated that xanthorrhizol reduced bacterial viability in the saliva and multi-species oral biofilms. These results suggest that C. xanthorrhiza Roxb. containing xanthorrhizol with strong anti-biofilm activity can be employed as a plant source for oral care functional foods.

Keywords

References

  1. Kolenbrander PE, Andersen RN, Blehert DS, Egland PG, Foster JS, Palmer RJ Jr. Communication among oral bacteria. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. R. 66: 486-505 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.66.3.486-505.2002
  2. Scheie AA. Mechanisms of dental plaque formation. Adv. Dent. Res. 8: 246-253 (1994) https://doi.org/10.1177/08959374940080021801
  3. Liljemark WF, Bloomquist C. Human oral microbial ecology and dental caries and periodontal diseases. Crit. Rev. Oral Biol. M. 7:180-188 (1996) https://doi.org/10.1177/10454411960070020601
  4. Steinberg D, Feldman M, Ofek I, Weiss EI. Cranberry high molecular weight constituents promote Streptococcus sobrinus desorption from artificial biofilm. Int. J. Antimicrob. Ag. 25: 247-251 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2004.10.014
  5. Rukayadi Y, Hwang JK. In vitro activity of xanthorrhizol against Streptococcus mutans biofilms. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 42: 400-404 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.2006.01876.x
  6. Kuzma L, Rozalski M, Walencka E, Rozalska B, Wysokinska H. Antimicrobial activity of diterpenoids from hairy roots of Salvia sclarea L.: Salvipisone as a potential anti-biofilm agent active against antibiotic resistant Staphylococci. Phytomedicine 12: 31-35 (2007)
  7. Hwang JK, Shim JS, Pyun YR. Antibacterial activity of xanthorrhizol from Curcuma xanthorrhiza against oral pathogens. Fitoterapia 71: 321-323 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(99)00170-7
  8. Hwang JK, Shim JS, Baek NI, Pyun YR. Xanthorrhizol: A potential agent from Curcuma xanthorrhiza against Streptococcus mutans. Planta Med. 66: 196-197 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1243135
  9. Stepanovic S, Vukovic D, Dakic I, Savic B, Svabic-Vlahovic M. A modified microtiter-plate test for quantification of staphylococcal biofilm formation. J. Microbiol. Meth. 40: 175-179 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-7012(00)00122-6
  10. Djordjevic D, Wiedmann M, McLandborough LA. Microtiter plate assay for assessment of Listeria monocytogenes biofilm formation. Appl. Environ. Microb. 68: 2950-2958 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.68.6.2950-2958.2002
  11. Zaura-Arite E, van Marle J, ten Cate JM. Confocal microscopy study of undisturbed and chlorhexidine gluconate-treated dental biofilm. J. Dent. Res. 80: 1436-1440 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345010800051001
  12. Marsh PD, Bradshaw DJ. Dental plaque as a biofilm. J. Ind. Microbiol. 15: 169-175 (1995) https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01569822
  13. Sbordone L, Bortolaia C. Oral microbial biofilms and plaque-related diseases: Microbial communities and their role in the shift from oral health to disease. Clin. Oral Invest. 7: 181-188 (2003) https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-003-0236-1
  14. Dawes C. Salivary clearance and its effects on oral health. pp.71-85. In: Saliva and Oral Health. Edgar M, Dawes C, O'Mullane D (eds). BDJ Publication, London, UK (2004)
  15. Ernst CP, Prockl K, Willershausen B. The effectiveness and side effects of 0.1% and 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthrinses: A clinical study. Quintessence Int. 29: 443-448 (1998)
  16. Jones CG. Chlorhexidine: Is it still the gold standard? Periodontol. 2000 15: 55-56 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0757.1997.tb00105.x
  17. Xiao J, Zhou XD, Feng J, Hao YQ, Li JY. Activity of Nidus vespae extract and chemical fractions against Streptococcus mutans biofilms. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 45: 547-552 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.2007.02230.x
  18. Kim JE, Kim HE, Hwang JK, Lee HJ, Kwon HK, Kim BI. Antibacterial characteristics of Curcuma xanthorrhiza extract on Streptococcus mutans biofilm. J. Microbiol. 46: 228-232 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-007-0167-7
  19. Yanti, Rukayadi Y, Kim KH, Hwang JK. In vitro anti-biofilm activity of macelignan isolated from Myristica fragrans Houtt. against oral primary colonizer bacteria. Phytother. Res. 22: 308-312 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2312
  20. Rudney JD. Saliva and dental plaque. Adv. Dent. Res. 14: 29-39 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1177/08959374000140010401
  21. Kara D, Luppens SBI, ten Cate JM. Differences between single- and dual-species biofilms of Streptococcus mutans and Veillonella parvula in growth, acidogenicity, and susceptibility to chlorhexidine. Eur. J. Oral Sci. 114: 58-63 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0722.2006.00262.x
  22. Pratten J, Barnett P, Wilson M. Composition and susceptibility to chlorhexidine of multispecies biofilms of oral bacteria. Appl. Environ. Microb. 64: 3515-3519 (1998)
  23. Marsh PD, Bradshaw DJ. Microbiological effects of new agents in dentifrices for plaque control. Int. Dent. J. 43: 399-406 (1993)
  24. Wilson M, Patel H, Noar JH. Effect of chlorhexidine on multispecies biofilms. Curr. Microbiol. 36: 13-18 (1998) https://doi.org/10.1007/s002849900272