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The Levels of Blood Lead and Cadmium in Urban and Rural Population in Korea

우리나라 일부 도시와 농촌지역 주민의 혈중 납 및 혈중 카드뮴 농도

  • Kim, Hyo-Jun (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University) ;
  • Hong, Young-Seoub (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University) ;
  • Lee, Kyung-Eun (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University) ;
  • Kim, Dae-Seon (Ministry of Environment, National Institute of Environmental Research (NER)) ;
  • Lee, Myeong-Jin (Department of Public Health, Kobe University School of Medicine) ;
  • Yeah, Byung-Jin (Department of Occupational Medicine, Dong-A University) ;
  • Yoo, Cheol-In (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan) ;
  • Kim, Young-Wook (Department of Occupational Medicine, Masan Samsung Hospital) ;
  • Yoo, Byung-Chul (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Kosin University) ;
  • Kim, Young-Hun (Department of Environmental Engineering, Andong National University) ;
  • Kim, Jung-Man (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University) ;
  • Kim, Joon-Youn (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University)
  • 김효준 (동아대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실) ;
  • 홍영습 (동아대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실) ;
  • 이경은 (동아대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실) ;
  • 김대선 (국립환경과학원 환경보건안전부 환경역학과) ;
  • 이명진 (고베의과대학 공중보건학교실) ;
  • 예병진 (동아대학교 의료원 산업의학과) ;
  • 유철인 (울산대학교 의과대학 산업. 환경의학교실) ;
  • 김영욱 (마산삼성병원 산업의학과) ;
  • 유병철 (고신대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실) ;
  • 김영훈 (안동대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 김정만 (동아대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실) ;
  • 김준연 (동아대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실)
  • Published : 2009.04.30

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the levels of blood lead and cadmium in urban and rural populations. Blood samples were collected from 100 urban (Busan) residents and 150 rural residents (Jinju-84, Gijang-66) from July 1 to August 30, 2007. The blood lead and cadmium levels were analyzed using flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry and were compared by age, gender and smoking status. The mean levels of blood lead in urban-Busan, rural-Jinju and rural-Gijang residents were $6.38{\pm}2.86{\mu}g/dl$, $5.41{\pm}2.16{\mu}g/dl$ and $4.50{\pm}2.87{\mu}g/dl$, respectively. There was a significant difference in the level of blood lead between urban-Busan residents and rural-Gijang residents. The mean levels of blood cadmium in urban-Busan, rural-Jinju and rural-Gijang residents were $0.85{\pm}0.44{\mu}g/l$, $1.57{\pm}0.78{\mu}g/l$ and $0.95{\pm}0.54{\mu}g/l$, respectively. There was a significant difference in the level of blood cadmium between urban-Busan residents and rural-Jinju residents. This study showed that the levels of blood lead and cadmium were significantly different between urban and rural populations. The level of blood lead was highest in urban-Busan residents, but the level of blood cadmium was highest in rural-Jinju residents. Further studies are needed to define the cause of high levels of blood lead and cadmium related to area of residence and personal habits.

본 연구에서는 도시 지역 주민들과 농촌 지역 주민들을 대상으로 지리적 환경 차이에 따른 혈중 납 및 혈중 카드뮴 농도를 조사하여 노출 정도를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 대상은 2007년 7월 1일에서 8월 30일 까지 경남의 전형적인 농촌마을(진주) 주민 84명과 부산 인근의 반농촌마을(기장) 주민 64명, 대도시 부산지역 주민 100명을 선정하여 연구를 수행하였으며, Graphite furnace를 갖춘 비불꽃 원자 흡광기를 이용하여 분석하였다. 평균 혈중 납 농도는 대도시 부산지역 주민이 $6.38{\pm}2.86{\mu}g/dl$이었으며, 진주 농촌지역 주민들은 $5.41{\pm}2.16{\mu}g/dl$, 부산 인근의 기장지역 주민들은 $4.50{\pm}2.87{\mu}g/dl$으로 부산지역 주민들의 평균 혈중 납 농도가 가장 높았으며 부산지역 주민의 혈중 납 농도와 부산 인근 기장지역 주민의 혈중 납 농도간 유의한 차이(p<0.01)를 보였다. 평균 혈중 카드뮴 농도는 대도시 부산지역 주민이 $0.85{\pm}0.44{\mu}g/l$이었고, 진주 농촌지역 주민이 $1.57{\pm}0.78{\mu}g/l$, 부산 인근의 기장지역 주민 $0.95{\pm}0.54{\mu}g/l$으로 진주 농촌지역 주민들의 평균 혈중 카드뮴 농도가 가장 높았으며 부산지역 주민과 진주 농촌지역 주민들 간에 통계적 유의한 차이(p<0.01)가 관찰되었다. 본 연구에서는 도시 지역과 농촌 지역 간에 따라 혈중 납 및 혈중 카드뮴의 농도에 차이가 있음을 알 수 있었으나, 일부 지역 주민들의 결과만으로 우리나라 전체 도시와 농촌지역 주민의 혈중 납 및 카드뮴 농도에 대한 차이를 단언하기는 어렵다고 생각된다. 하지만 작업장 내의 직업적 폭로가 아닌 도시와 농촌 간의 지역적 차이에 관한 연구로써 의미 있는 연구라 생각되며, 향후 혈중 납과 카드뮴의 체내 축척을 줄이기 위하여 보다 더 많은 대상자들의 정밀한 조사가 이루어져야 될 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

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