육성비육돈용 자동급이기 사료공급장치 개발에 관한 연구

Development of the Automatic Feeder for Growing-finishing Pigs

  • Yoo, Y.H. (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Song, J.I. (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Choi, H.C. (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, J.H. (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Park, K.H. (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kang, H.S. (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Chang, D.I. (ChungNam National University)
  • 발행 : 2009.12.30

초록

본 연구는 사료 급여량 자동조절 및 사료의 허실을 최소화하며 구조가 간단한 육성비 육돈용 자동급이기 개발을 위해 수행하였다. 개발 시작형 자동급이기의 주요 구성은 사료저장조, 사료이송장치, 사료이송제어장치, 사료진타장치, 프로그램머블 IC, 개인용 컴퓨터로 구성되었다. 개발 시작형 자동급이기의 가루사료의 초당 평균 이송량은 $9.83{\pm}0.4\;g$, 이었다. 개발 시작형 자동급이기를 이용 체중 43 kg 내외 육성돈(렌드레이셔)을 공시 6주 동안 콘크리트 돈방에서 사양 시험을 실시하였다. 개발 시작형 자동급이기는 사료공급 시간을 2초, 3, 4, 5, 6초로 설정, 검증시험을 수행 하였다. 개발 시작형 자동급이기 일일 급이기 방문 빈도는 사료이송 구동시간에 관계없이 05~11시와 11시부터 17시 사이에 집중적 이었다. 사료허실을 줄이기 위하여 개발 시작형 자동급이기 사료이송 시간은 2~4초 이내가 적절한 것으로 나타났다. 개발 시작형 자동급이기의 사료이송 기준 6초를 제외하고, 개발 시작형 자동급이기가 관행 급이기보다 시험 전기간 평균 일당 종체량(0.8~0.9 kg)은 같거나 높고, 일일 사료섭취량과 (2.76~2.93 kg), 사료요구율 (3,10~3.66)은 같거나 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 이상 결과를 일당증체, 사료섭취량, 사료요구율, 사료 허실량 등을 종합 해보면 육성비육돈용으로 개발 시작형 자동급이기 이용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

This study was conducted to develop an prototype automatic feeder (AF) for growing-finishing pigs. The main components of AF were a feed storage hopper, a feeding motor, a feed agitator, a control box and a programmable IC, which were controlled by a personal computer. The powder type feed transfer rate of AF was average $9.83{\pm}0.4\;g\;s^{-1}$. In feeding test, growing pigs (Landrace) of about 43 kg live weight were used in the study, and was fed over a 6 weeks in pens with solid concrete floors. For feeding trials with AF, the operation time of the feeding motor was set to 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 seconds per feeding. Pigs frequently used AF from 05:00 to 11:00 and from 11:00 to 17:00 without relationship to the operation time of the feeding motor. The AF operation time of the feeding motor to minimize feed loss was between 2 and 4 seconds. Pigs fed with AF had same or slightly higher average daily gam (0.8~0.9 kg) than that with a commercial feeder, and average daily feed intake (2.76~2.93 kg) and feed conversion ratio (3.10~3.66) of pigs fed with AF were same or lower than those with the commercial feeder except the operation time of the feeding motor set to 6 seconds. As a result, AF would help to use and improve the productivity of growing-finishing pigs.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Amornthewaphat., N., J. D. Hancock, K. C. Behnke, L. J. Mckinney, C. L. Jones, J. S. Park and D. W. Dean. 2000. Effects of feeder design and pellet quality on finishing pigs, Kansas State University, Swine Day 2000. 127-131.
  2. Gonyou., H. W. and Z. Lou. 2000. Effects of eating space and availability of water in feeders on Productivity and eating behavior of grower/finisher pigs, J. Anim. Sci, 78: 865-870. https://doi.org/10.2527/2000.784865x
  3. Hyun., Y., M. Ellis, F. K. Mckeith and E. R. Wilson. 1997. Feed intake pattern of group-housed growing-finishing pigs monitored using a computerized feed intake recording system, J. Anim. Sci, 75:1443-1451. https://doi.org/10.2527/1997.7561443x
  4. Hyun., Y. and M. Ellis. 2001. Effect of group Size and feeder type on growth performance and feeding patterns in growing pigs, J. Anim. Sci. 79:803-810. https://doi.org/10.2527/2001.794803x
  5. Hyun., Y. and M. Ellis. 2002. Effect of group size and feeder type on growth performance and feeding patterns in finishing pigs, J. Anim. Sci. 80:568-574. https://doi.org/10.2527/2002.803568x
  6. Magowan., E., M. Elizabeth., E. McCann, and N. E. O'Connell. 2005. The effect of feeder type and change on pig performance and behaviour, Agri Food Biosciences Institute. 1-15.
  7. Morrow., A. T. S. and N. Walker. 1994a. Effect of number and siting of single-space feeders on performance and feeding behaviour of growing pigs (abstract), J. Agri. Sci. 122:465-470. https://doi.org/10.1017/S002185960006740X
  8. Morrow., A. T. S. and N. Walker. 1994b. The behavioural and production responses of finishing pigs to increasing workload to obtain food libitum from hopper feeders, Anim. Prod. 59:125-129. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003356100007571
  9. Nielsen., B. N. and A. B. Lawrence. 1993. The effect of group size on the behaviour and performance of growing pigs using computerised single-space feeder, Pig News and Information, Vol 14. No.3: 127-129.
  10. Nielsen., B. N, A. B. Lawrence and C. T. Whittemore. 1995. Effects of single-space feeder design on feeding behaviour and performance of growing pigs, Anim. Sci. 61:575-579. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1357729800014168
  11. Schneider., J. D, M. D. Tokach., S. S. Dritz., R. D. Goodband., J. L. Nelssen, and J. M. DeRouchey. 2007. Effect of restricted feed intake on finishing pigs weighing between 150 and 250 Ib fed twice or six times daily, Kansas State University, Swine Day 2007. 190-199.
  12. Stookey., J. M., E. M. Barber and G. I. Christison. 1993. Developement of a noncomputerized electronic sow feeder for group-housed sows, Livestock environment IV, American society of Agri. Engi. 582-587.
  13. Walker. N. 1990. The influence of hopper-type feeders on performance of pigs, Pig news and information, Vol 11. No. 1: 33-33.
  14. Young., R. J. and A. B. Lawrence. 1994. Feeding behaviour of pig in groups monitored by a computerized feeding system, Anim. Prod. 58:145:152.
  15. 유용희, 정일병, 한정대, 이덕수, 강희설, 최희철, 전병수, 박홍석. 2001a. 조기이유자돈용 액상사료 자동급이기 개발, 한국축산시설환경학회지. 7(1):1-12.
  16. 유용희, 정일병, 한정대, 장병귀, 이덕수, 박준철, 박홍석. 2001b. 액상사료 자동급이가를 이용한 포유자돈의 조기이유가자돈의 생산성에 미치는 영향, 한국동물자원과학회지. 43(4):587-598.