Measurement of Surface Color and Fermentation Degree in Tea Products Using NIRS

근적외선 분광광도계를 이용한 차제품의 표면 색상 및 발효정도 측정

  • Chun, Jong-Un (Division of Bioresources Science, Sunchon National University)
  • 천종은 (순천대학교 바이오자원학부)
  • Published : 2009.03.31

Abstract

This study was conducted to measure tea surface colors using the visible bands ($400{\sim}700$ nm) with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). The surface colors of 117 tea products were measured with a colorimeter. The $a^*/b^*$ (CIE color scale) or a/b (Hunter color scale) ratios in different tea products accounted for about 99.7% of the variation in fermentation degree (FD), indicating that the $a^*/b^*$ (a/b) ratio is a very useful trait for assessing fermentation degree. Also tea powders were scanned in the visible bands used with NIRS. Calibration equations for surface colors and fermentation degree were developed using the regression method of modified partial least-squares (MPLS) with internal cross validation. The equations had low SECV (standard errors of cross-validation), and high $R^2$ (coefficient of determination in calibration) values with $0.779{\sim}0.999$, indicating that the whole bands ($400{\sim}2500\;nm$) with NIRS could be used to rapidly measure traits related to surface color, fermentation degree and other chemical components in tea products with high precision and ease at a time.

녹차, 부분발효차 및 발효차 등 다양한 차제품 117개 제품을 수집하여 분말화하여 측색계로 각 차제품의 표면 색상을 측정한 후 NIRS를 이용하여 가시광선 대역($400{\sim}700$ nm)에서 스펙트럼을 얻어 중회귀분석에 의해 각각 색상 관련 특성에 대한 검량식을 작성하였다. 1. 측색계로 제품의 색상을 측정한 결과 CIE color scale에서 L값(6.98), a값(0.25) 및 b값(15.42)이 높았으나, a/b(0.09)값은 Hunter color scale에서 높았다. 또한 색상관련 특성 $a^*$(a)와 $a^*/b^*$(a/b)의 변이계수가 $317.2{\sim}327.5%$$293.8{\sim}316.7%$로 제품간 변이성이 매우 컸다. 2. CIE color scale와 Hunter color scale에서 발효정도($X_9$)의 변이를 $a^*/b^*(X_4)$나 a/b($X_8$)로 99.7% 설명될 수 있어 $a^*/b^*$(a/b)값으로 차제품의 발효정도를 추정할 수 있다. 3. Modified partial least square(MPLS)를 이용하여 작성된 검량식의 결과 두 color scale을 종합하여 L값의 검량식 작성시 결정계수($R^2$)는 $0.973{\sim}0.977$, 검증시 상관도(1-VR) $0.969{\sim}0.972$, a값의 결정계수는 0.999, 검증시 상관도 0.998, b값의 결정계수는 $0.858{\sim}0.902$, 검증시 상관도 $0.833{\sim}0.888$, a/b값의 결정계수는 0.997, 검증시 상관도 0.993으로 매우 높았다. 4. 차 제품 표면 색상관련 특성들(CIE color scale; $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$, $a^*/b^*$, Hunter color scale; L, a, b, a/b)의 검량식 정확도가 매우 높아서 NIRS의 가시광선 대역($400{\sim}700\;nm$)에서 이들 특성을 용이하고 정밀하게 측정할 수가 있으며, 또한 근적외선 대역($900{\sim}2500\;nm$)에서 기존 성분분석 화일과 병합하여(merge) 차 제품의 표면 색상 및 화학적 성분을 $1{\sim}2$분내로 동시에 측정이 가능하다.

Keywords

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