Effects of Cryosurgery in Primary Lung Cancer

원발성 폐암에서 냉동수술의 치료 효과

  • Jung, Won-Jae (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Kwang-Taik (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine) ;
  • Yi, Eun-Jue (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Sung-Ho (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kang, Moon-Chul (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine) ;
  • Chung, Jae-Ho (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine) ;
  • Ham, Soo-Yeoun (Department of Radiology, Korea Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine) ;
  • Jo, Sung-Bum (Department of Radiology, Korea Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine)
  • 정원재 (고려대학교 의과대학 안산병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 김광택 (고려대학교 의과대학 안암병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 이은주 (고려대학교 의과대학 안암병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 이성호 (고려대학교 의과대학 안암병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 강문철 (고려대학교 의과대학 안암병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 정재호 (고려대학교 의과대학 안암병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 함수연 (고려대학교 의과대학 안암병원 영상의학과교실) ;
  • 조성범 (고려대학교 의과대학 안암병원 영상의학과교실)
  • Published : 2009.04.05

Abstract

Background: Cryosurgery has been used to treat primary malignant pulmonary tumors at our institute since November 2004. In this study we analyzed our treatment results and complication rates. Material and Method: A retrospective study using medical charts and imaging data was conducted involving 17 patients with a total of 17 malignant pulmonary tumors who were treated between November 2004 and March 2007. Fourteen patients were males and 3 were females. The median age of the patients was 64 years (range, $54{\sim}77$ years). The average size of the tumors was 48.8mm (range, $36{\sim}111mm$) in diameter. The patients were followed with chest CT scans 7 days, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months postoperatively. PET scans were obtained between 6 and 9 months postoperatively. The treatment response was analyzed according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria. Result: Six months after treatment, 6 tumors (35.3%) showed a complete response, 4 (23.5%) had a partial response, 3 (17.6%) had stable disease, and 4 (23.5%) showed disease progression. In tumors <4 cm in diameter, a complete response was reported in 50% of the tumors. A $x^2$-test showed that in tumors <4 cm in diameter, the p-value for results better than a partial response was 0.034. With respect to procedural complications, there was 1 case of blood-tinged sputum which resolved spontaneously within 1 or 2 days, a spontaneously relieved case of subcutaneous emphysema, and 1 patient with a fever. There were no mortalities and the average hospital stay was 6.3 days. Conclusion: The effects of cryosurgery on primary lung cancer is greatest in patients with small tumors. Considering the facts that cryosurgery is minimally invasive, has a low complication rate, and can be performed repetitively, we believe that it may play an important role in the treatment of high risk lung cancer patients.

배경: 2004년 11월 저자들이 국내에서는 처음으로 냉동치료를 시작한 이후 원발성 폐암에 대한 냉동수술의 국소 치료 효과를 분석하여 그 효과와 합병증 등을 분석하여 차후 냉동치료의 방향을 살펴보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2004년 11월부터 2007년 3월까지 17명의 환자를 대상으로 17개의 악성 폐종괴에 대한 냉동치료를 시행한 결과를 의무기록과 영상자료를 이용하여 후향적으로 분석하였다. 남자가 14명, 여자가 3명이었으며 연령은 중앙값이 64세(범위, $54{\sim}77$세)였다. 폐종괴의 평균 직경(장경)은 48.8mm (범위 ; $36{\sim}111mm$)였다. 추적 검사로써 흉부전산화단층촬영을 술 후 7일, 1개월, 3개월, 6개월에, 양전자단층촬영을 약 6개월에서 9개월 사이에 각각 시행하여, RECIST(Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) 기준을 이용하여 분석하였다. 결과: 술후 6개월에 시행한 흥부전산화단층촬영 및 술후 6개월에서 9개월 사이에 시행한 양전자단층촬영을 기준으로 17명의 원발성 폐암 환자 중 6명(35.3%)은 완전관해를, 4명(23.5%)은 부분관해를, 3명(17.6%)은 무변화를, 4명(23.5%)은 진행성 병변을 보였다. 직경 4cm 이하의 10명의 원발성 폐암에서 5명(50.0%)은 완전관해를, 3명(30.0%)은 부분관해를, 2명(20.0%)은 무변화를 보였다. 4cm 이상의 경우는 부분관해 이상이 2명(11.8%), 무변화 및 진행성 병변이 5명(29.4%)로 통계상 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다($x^2$-test; p-value=0.034). 술후 합병증으로는 소량의 혈성객담이 1예에서 발생하였으나 술후 $1{\sim}2$일째 소실되었고 자연 소실된 피하기종이 1예 그리고 발열이 있었던 환자가 1명 있었다. 시술과 관련한 사망은 없었다. 냉동 치료 후 평균재원일수는 6.3일이었다. 결론: 이상의 연구 결과에서 원발성 폐암을 냉동수술로 치료할 경우 특히 장경의 평균이 4cm 이하인 종양에서 좋은 효과를 기대할 수 있다는 것을 알 수 있다. 냉동 수술이 비침습적이며 합병증이 경미하고 반복 치료가 가능하다는 점에서 수술 고위험 환자군의 폐암 치료에 중요한 역할을 할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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