A Study of Aortic Vasculopathy after Cardiac Allograft

동종 심장이식 후의 대동맥 혈관병증에 관한 연구

  • Chung, Won-Sang (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hanyang University Medical Center, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Chung, Yoon-Sang (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hanyang University Medical Center, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Young-Hak (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hanyang University Medical Center, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Hyuck (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hanyang University Medical Center, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kang, Jeong-Ho (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hanyang University Medical Center, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Paik, Seung-Sam (Department of Pathology, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Song, Dong-Seop (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sanbon Hospital, College of Medicine, WonKwang University) ;
  • Jang, Hyo-Jun (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hanyang University Medical Center, Hanyang University College of Medicine)
  • 정원상 (한양대학교 의과대학 서울병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 정윤상 (한양대학교 의과대학 서울병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 김영학 (한양대학교 의과대학 서울병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 김혁 (한양대학교 의과대학 서울병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 강정호 (한양대학교 의과대학 서울병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 백승삼 (한양대학교 의과대학 병리학교실) ;
  • 송동섭 (원광대학교 의과대학 산본병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 장효준 (한양대학교 의과대학 서울병원 흉부외과학교실)
  • Published : 2009.04.05

Abstract

Background: Chronic rejection after a cardiac allograft usually occurs about six months after the operation. Vasculopathy due to chronic rejection causes atherosclerosis in the coronary artery of the transplanted heart and then this causes myocardial injury. We intended to discover and document those findings that occur in a transplanted ascending aorta. Material and Method: In rats weighting $200{\sim}300gm$ (Spraque-Dawley rat), we carried out heterotopic heart allo-transplantation with the modified Ono-Lindsey method and then the rats were administrated cyclosporine (10mg/kg/day). After three months survival, we acquired biopsy materials from the native ascending aorta and the allo-transplanted ascending aorta and we compared them. We classified each severity of 1) intimal thickening, 2) medial hyperplasia, 3) medial calcification, 4) medial inflammation and 5) chondroid metaplasia, which are specific biopsy findings for chronic rejection after a cardiac allograft. Each severity was classified, according to the opinion of one pathologist, in the native ascending aorta biopsies (n=9) and the allo-transplanted ascending aorta biopsies (n=13). The data of the control group and the study group were statistically analyzed with using the Mann-Whitney test (SPSS version 12.0 window). Result: The important changes of the allo-transplanted aorta were intimal thickening (p<0.0001), medial calcification (p=0.045), medial inflammation (p<0.0001) and chondroid metaplasia (p=0.045), but not medial hyperplasia (p=0.36). Conclusion: Cardiac allograft vasculopathy was seen in the transplanted ascending aorta, the same as was seen in the coronary artery, after allograft cardiac transplantation. We have reached the conclusion that chronic rejection also progresses in the aorta.

배경: 동종이형의 심장이식 후에 나타나는 만성 거부반응은 수술 후 약 6개월이 지나 나타나며, 이로 인해 이식된 심장의 관상동맥의 동맥 경화 소견과 심장의 손상을 일으키는 혈관병증이 나타나는 바, 대혈관인 대동맥에서도 이러한 소견을 보이는 지를 확인하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: $200{\sim}300gm$의 백서(Spraque-Dawley Rat)에서 이소성의 동종이형의 심장이식(heterotopic heart alto-transplantation)을 Ono-Lindsey method로 시행한 후 사이클로스포린(cyclosporin A 10mg/kg/day, 종근당 제공)을 투여하여 3개월 이상 생존한 군에서 동물을 희생시킨 후 자가 상행 대동맥과 이식된 심장의 대동맥에서 각각 조직 절편을 얻어 조직 검사를 시행하여 비교하였다. 자가 상행 대동맥의 조직 검사(N=9, native ascending aorta)와 동종 이형의 이식된 심장의 대동맥(N=13, alto-transplanted aorta)의 조직 검사를 동종이형의 심장이식 후의 만성 거부 반응의 특징적인 조직 검사 소견인 1) 내막 비후(intimal thickening), 2) 중층 비후(medial hyperplasia), 3) 중층 석회화(medial calcification), 4) 중층 염증(medial inflammation), 5) 연골 화생(chondroid metaplasia)에 대하여 한 명의 병리의에 의해 대조군과 이식군에서 각각 심한 정도를 통계처리(Mann-Whitney Test, SPSS version 12.0 Windows)하여 비교하였다. 결과: 중층 비후 외(p=0.36)에 내막 비후(p<0.0001), 중층 석회화(p=0.045), 중층 염증(p<0.0001), 연골 화생(p=0.045)에 있어 이식된 심장의 대동맥에서 의미 있는 변화를 보였다. 결론: 동종 이형의 심장 이식 후에 만성 거부 반응에 의한 혈관병증(cardiac allograft vasculopathy)은 관상 동맥을 침범하여 심근의 손상을 가져오며, 이와 같은 만성 거부 반응에 의한 혈관 병증의 변화는 대혈관인 이식된 대동맥에서도 상기의 결과와 같이 나타나 대동맥에서도 만성적인 거부 반응이 진행되고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

Keywords

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