Food Science of Animal Resources (한국축산식품학회지)

Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources (한국축산식품학회)
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Evaluation of Biological Critical Control Points Using Escherichia coli Genotyping

Escherichia coli Genotype을 이용한 생물학적 Critical Control Point의 적합성 평가

  • Kim, Hak-Jae (School of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Hahn, Tae-Wook (School of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Juong, Ji-Hun (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Bahk, Gyung-Jin (Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Human Ecology, Kunsan National University) ;
  • Hong, Chong-Hae (School of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University)
  • Published : 2009.12.31
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Abstract

This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of biological critical control points using the genetic profile of Escherichia coli isolates from pork cutting plants. Samples were collected from carcasses, equipment (knife, table, glove, transport belt, boning and skinning machine), the environment (wall and floor), and meat cuts during the cutting process from two plants. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used to characterize the E. coli isolates. An identical genotype was detected from the carcasses, equipment, environment, and final meat cuts, and showed that the incoming carcasses, which were contaminated during transportation from slaughterhouses, were a major source of E. coli that was spread throughout processing. Also, consistent cross-contamination due to improper cleaning and disinfection procedures was another possibility. As a result, incoming carcasses and cleaning procedures should be considered critical control points in pork cutting plants, since a heating step is not used to inactivate microorganisms. Furthermore, the high rate (59.6%) of E. coli isolation indicates E. coli can be a good indicator in livestock processing plants even though it has genetic diversity.

본 연구는 축산물가공장 작업환경에 설정된 CCP의 유효성을 평가하기 위하여, 원료도체에서부터 포장에 이르는 전 공정에서 Escherichia coli를 검출하고 PFGE genotyping으로 genetic strain의 흐름을 분석하여 CCP의 적합성을 평가하였다. 시료채취를 위한 작업장은 도축장에서 냉장차량으로 원료도체를 공급받는 독립형 소규모 HACCP 가공장(100두 처리/일)과 축산물종합처리장내 HACCP 가공장(500두 처리/일)을 각각 1곳씩 선정하였다. 시료는 원료도체, 시설 및 장비(발골기, 박피기, 작업대, 벨트, 칼, 면장갑), 환경(벽, 바닥)과 작업공정상의 발골육, 부분육, 최종육을 무균적으로 채취하였다. 작업공정에서 E. coli의 높은 분리율(59.6%)과 작업환경 전반에서의 고른 검출로 E. coli가 축산물가공장 위생지표균으로의 활용 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다. 분리된 E. coli의 genotype 분포는 작업장내 미생물 오염의 흐름을 보여주었다. 소규모가공장의 경우 오염된 원료육 반입이 작업공정을 오염시키고 공정중의 교차오염 발생으로 최종육에 영향을 주었고, 축산물종합처리장내 작업장은 원료육 오염보다는 작업환경에 상존하는 오염미생물의 교차오염이 최종육에 영향을 주는 양상이었다. 따라서 포장육가공장과 같이 작업공정에 멸균처리 과정이 없는 경우는 선행요건에 해당되는 원료반입과 작업환경의 세척 및 소독이 CCP로 관리되거나 이에 준하는 특별관리가 필요하였다. 결과적으로, 작업공정에서의 E. coli 검출과 genotyping은 작업공정상의 미생물 오염의 흐름을 파악하는데 유용하였으며, 이러한 방법은 HACCP 작업장의 미생물 오염원 분석과 설정된 생물학적 critical control point의 적합성 평가에 효과적이었다.

Keywords

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