The Effects of Added Sesame Powder on the Quality of Baechukimchi

참깨가루의 첨가가 배추김치의 품질에 미치는 영향

  • Moon, Sung-Won (Dept. of Hotel Food Service and Culinary Arts, Yongdong University) ;
  • Lee, Myung-Ki (Traditional Food Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute)
  • 문성원 (영동대학교 호텔외식조리학과) ;
  • 이명기 (한국식품연구원 산업진흥연구본부 전통식품연구단)
  • Published : 2009.02.28

Abstract

In this study, we evaluated the effects of sesame powder on the fermentation of Baechukimchi, by assessing sensory, physicochemical, and microbiological properties during up to 25 days of fermentation. The Baechukimchi, with various levels [0, 1, 2, 3, 4%(w/w)] of sesame powder, was fermented at $10^{\circ}C$. The product containing the control and 1% sesame powder evidenced the highest scores for appearance and smell. Taste and texture were highest in the 1% and 2% sesame powder, and the overall acceptability was highest in the 2% sesame powder sample. During fermentation, titratable acidity increased while pH gradually decreased. pH was higher in the sample with sesame powder than in the control, and the titratable acidity increased with increasing sesame powder content on day O. Reducing sugar increased sharply during fermentation, and then gradually decreased. In particular, the 2% sesame powder sample maintained the highest content. Total vitamin C was slightly increased at initial fermentation and then steadily decreased. The total polyphenol content and antioxidant effect of the experimental groups with added sesame powder were higher than those of the controls. Additionally, the time required to achieve maximum levels of lactic acid bacteria, as determined by log numbers of cells and total viable cells, were more delayed in the experimental groups with added sesame powder than in the controls. Our results indicated that the Baechukimchi with $1{\sim}2%$ added sesame powder was acceptable.

김치의 세계화를 위하여 맛과 품질을 개선하고 동맥경화 예방 및 콜레스테롤 저하 효과가 있는 건강기능성 소재인 참깨가루를 첨가하여 배추김치에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 배추김치에 대한 참깨가루의 첨가량은 0, 1, 2, 3, 4%(w/w)로 하였고, $10^{\circ}C$에서 25일간 발효시키면서 관능적, 이화학적 및 미생물학적 특성을 보았다. 관능적 특성 평가 결과 외관은 대조구와 참깨가루 1% 첨가구가 좋은 점수를 받았고, 냄새는 대조구>참깨가루 1% 첨가구>참깨가루 2% 첨가구 순으로 선호하였다. 맛은 발효 7일에서 13일 사이에는 참깨가루 1%와 2% 첨가구가 좋은 점수를 받았고, 조직감은 맛과 비슷한 결과로 발효 4일에서 13일에 참깨가루 2% 첨가구를 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 전반적인 기호도는 발효 4일에서 13일까지 발효 7일을 제외하고는 참깨가루 2% 첨가구가 가장 좋은 점수를 받았다. pH는 발효 0일에 대조구에 비해 첨가구가 높게 나타났고, 모든 첨 가구에서 발효 7일 이후에 발효 16일까지 크게 감소하였다가 유지하는 결과를 보였고, 발효 10일부터 25일까지 참깨가루 4% 첨가구가 꾸준히 높은 pH를 보였다. 적정 산도는 담금 직후에 참깨가루 첨가량이 증가할수록 적정 산도가 약간 많게 나타났다. 발효의 진행과 함께 증가하였는데, 발효 7일까지는 참깨가루 4% 첨가구가 가장 많은 적정 산도를 보였고, 발효 10일부터 20일까지는 참깨가루 1% 첨가구의 적정 산도가 많았다. 환원당은 발효의 진행과 함께 최대 환원당 함량을 보인 후 감소하는 결과를 보였는데, 대조구와 참깨가루 1% 첨가구가 가장 완만한 감소를 보였고, 참깨가루 2% 첨가구가 발효 19일까지 많은 환원당 함량을 유지하였다. 총 비타민 C는 모든 첨 가구에서 발효 초기에 약간 증가하였다가 감소한 후 다시 증가한 후에 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 총 폴리페놀 함량과 항산화 효과는 대조구에 비해 참깨가루 첨가구가 많은 함량을 보였고, 발효 말기까지 많게 나타났다. 총 균수는 발효의 진행과 함께 대조구, 참깨가루 1% 첨가구와 2% 첨가구는 발효 13일에 참깨가루 3% 첨가구는 발효 16일에 참깨가루 4% 첨가구는 발효 22일에 각각 최대 총 균수를 보인 후 거의 유지하였다. 젖산균수는 모든 첨가구에서 발효 7일 이후에 크게 증가하여 대조구, 참깨가루 1%와 2%는 발효 13일에 참깨가루 3%와 4%는 발효 16일에 각각 최대 젖산균수를 보인 후 발효 22일 이후에 감소하였다. 이상의 결과에서 건강기능성 소재인 참깨가루의 첨가량은 1%와 2%를 첨가하는 것이 바람직한 것으로 보였다.

Keywords

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