Korean Journal of Poultry Science (한국가금학회지)

The Korean Society of Poultry Science (한국가금학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Comparison of Performance of Laying Hens in Molting Methods

유도 환우 방법에 따른 산란계의 생산성 비교

  • Hong, E.C. (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Na, J.C. (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, H.K. (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Park, H.D. (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Choi, Y.H. (Department of Animal Science, Division of Applied Life Science, and Institute of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kang, G.H. (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Suh, O.S. (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Choi, H.C. (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Nho, W.G. (Korea National Agriculture College, RDA) ;
  • HwangBo, J. (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA)
  • 홍의철 (농촌진흥청 축산과학원) ;
  • 나재천 (농촌진흥청 축산과학원) ;
  • 김학규 (농촌진흥청 축산과학원) ;
  • 박희두 (농촌진흥청 축산과학원) ;
  • 최양호 (경상대학교 대학원 응용생명과학부, 농업생명과학연구원, 농생명학부) ;
  • 강근호 (농촌진흥청 축산과학원) ;
  • 서옥석 (농촌진흥청 축산과학원) ;
  • 최희철 (농촌진흥청 축산과학원) ;
  • 노환국 (한국농업대학) ;
  • 황보종 (농촌진흥청 축산과학원)
  • Published : 2009.01.02
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to compare of the effects of four molting methods on performance of laying hens. In total, 120 White Leghorn layers (62 weeks of age) were used. The four molting methods consisted of 10 days of feeding and the first 3 days of water withdrawal (FW1, 2) followed by ad libitum access to a layer diet 1 and 2 from day 11; 28 days of restricted feeding (NFW1); 28 days without withdrawing their feed (NFW2). Egg production of postmolt decreased until $3{\sim}4$ days at FW1 and FW2 treatments and until $16{\sim}18$ days at NFW1 and NFW2. 50% recovery of egg production were 7, 6, 7 and 5 week at FW1, FW2, NFW1, and NFW2 treatments, respectively. At day 14 of postmolt, the weight of livers, hearts, and oviducts decreased at molting treatments (P<0.05). Egg quality was improved on egg weight, eggshell thickness, eggshell break strength, and Haugh unit except egg yolk color (P<0.05).

본 시험은 4가지의 유도환우 방법을 이용한 환우 후의 산란계의 생산성을 비교 검토하기 위해 수행하였다. 공시계는 산란율 80% 이상, 평균 체중 $16{\pm}0.3\;kg$의 62주령 White Leghorn 120수를 공시하였다. 4가지 환우 방법은 ; 1) 환우 시험 개시 후 10일째까지 절식, $11{\sim}13$일째 제한 급이, 14일째부터 고에너지 사료 자유 급이 (FW1), 2) 저에너지 사료 자유 급이 (FW2), 3) 환우용 사료를 26일째까지 일일 수당 60 g, 27일째부터 28일째까지 일일 수당 90 g씩 제한 급이(NFW1), 4) 환우용 사료 자유 급이. 처리구는 4종류의 환우 방법에 대조구를 포함하여 총 5처리구를 설정하였으며, 처리구당 2반복, 반복당 12수씩 완전임의 배치하였다. FW1과 FW2 처리구는 환우 처리 후 $3{\sim}4$일째에 산란이 완전정지하였으며, NFW1과 NFW2 처리구는 $16{\sim}18$일째에 산란의 거의 정지하였다. 산란율의 회복은 NFW2구가 28일, NFW1구가 30일부터 재 산란이 시작되고, 각각 38일과 41일째에 산란이 50%에 이르렀으며, 54일, 62일째에 각각 산란율 80% 이상을 유지하였다. 이것과 비교하여 환우 처리 후, 저에너지 사료 급이구 FW1와 고에너지 사료 급이구 FW2구는 산란율의 회복이 FW1구가 28일, FW2구가 26일부터 재 산란이 시작되고, 각각 47일과 41일째에 산란율이 50%에 이르렀으며, 70일, 64일째에 각각 산란율 80% 이상을 유지하였다. 환우 14일째간의 무게는 27.6과 32.2 g, 난포수란관의 무게는 22.0과 24.9 g으로 환우처리구에서 무게가 크게 감소하였다(P<0.05). 환우 후 계란 품질은 환우 처리구에서 난중, 난각 두께, 난각 강도 및 하우유니트가 개선되었으나(P<0.05), 난황색은 차이가 없었다(P>0.05).

Keywords

References

  1. Akram M, Zia-ur-rahman, Park JH, Ryu MS, Na CS, Ryu KS 2002 Recovery pattern of abdominal fat, visceral organs, and muscle tissues in induced molting hens. Korean Poult Sci 29(4):237-241.
  2. Andrews DK, Berry WD, Brake J 1987 Effect of lighting program and nutrition on reproductive performance of molted single comb White Leghorn hens. Poult Sci 66:1298-1305. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0661298
  3. Appleby MC, Mench JA, Hughes BO 2004 Poultry behavior and welfare. CABI Publishing Wallingford.
  4. Baker M, Brake J, McDaniel CR 1983 The relationship between body weight loss during and induced molt and postmolt egg production, egg weight, and shell quality in caged layers. Poult Sci 62;409-413. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0620409
  5. Bell DD, Kuney DR 1992 Effect of fasting and post-fasting diets on performance in molted flocks. J Appl Poult Res 1:200-206. https://doi.org/10.1093/japr/1.2.200
  6. Berry WD, Brake J 1987 Postmolt performance of laying hens molted by high dietary zinc, low dietary sodium, and fasting: egg production and egg shell quality. Poult Sci 66:218-226. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0660218
  7. Biggs PE, Persia ME, Koelkebeck KW, Parsons CM 2003 Evaluation of nonfeed removal methods for molting programs. Poult Sci 82:749-753. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/82.5.749
  8. Biggs PE, Persia ME, Koelkebeck KW, Parsons CM 2004 Further evaluation of nonfeed removal methods for molting programs. Poult Sci 83:745-752. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/83.5.745
  9. Brake J, Thaxton P, Garlich JD, Sherwood DH 1979 Comparison of fortified ground corn and pullet grower feeding regimes during a forced molt on subsequent layer performance. Poult Sci 58:785-790. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0580785
  10. Corrier DE, Nisbert DJ, Hargis BM, Holt PS, DeLoach JR 1997 Provision of lactose to molting hens enhances resistance to Salmonella enetritidis colonization. J Food Prot 60:10-15. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-60.1.10
  11. Donalson LM, Kim WK, Woodward CL, Herrera P, Kubena LF, Nisbet DJ, Ricke SC 2005 Utilizing different ratios of alfalfa and layer ration for molt induction and performance in commercial laying hens. Poult Sci 84:362-369. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/84.3.362
  12. Durant JA, Corrier DE, Byrd JA, Stanker LH, Ricke SC 1999 Feed deprivation affects crop environment and modulates Salmonella enetritidis colonization and invasion of Leghorn Hens. Appl Environ Microboil 64:1919-1923.
  13. Egg Industry 2000 McDonald's target the egg industry. Egg Ind 105:10-13.
  14. Gast RK, Ricke SC 2003 Symposium: Current and future prospects for induced molting in laying hens. Poult Sci 82: 964., https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/82.6.964
  15. Gilbert AB, Blair R 1975 A comparison of the effects of two low calcium diets on egg production in the domestic fowl. Br Poult Sci 16:547-552. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071667508416227
  16. Harms RH 1983 Influence of protein level in the resting diet upon performance of force rested hens. Poult Sci 62:273- 276. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0620273
  17. Harms RH 1991 Effect of removing salt, sodium or chloride from the diet of commercial layers. Poult Sci 70:333-336. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0700333
  18. Haugh RR 1937 The Haugh unit for measuring egg quality. US Poult Mag 43:552-573.
  19. Holt PS 1993 Effects of induced molting on the susceptibility of white Leghorn hens to a Salmonella enteritidis infection. Avian Dis 37:412-417. https://doi.org/10.2307/1591667
  20. Hussein AS, Cantor AH, Johnson TH 1989 Comparison of the use of dietary aluminum with the use of feed restriction for force-molting of laying hens. Poult Sci 68:891-896. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0680891
  21. Keshavarz K, Quimby FW 2002 An investigation of different molting techniques with an emphasis on animal welfare. J Appl Poult Res 11:54-67. https://doi.org/10.1093/japr/11.1.54
  22. Koelkebeck KW, Parsons CM, Leeper RW, Jin S, Douglas MW 1999 Early postmolt performance of laying hens fed a lowprotein corn molt diet supplemented with corn gluten meal, feather meal, methionine, and lysine. Poult Sci 78:1132-1137. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/78.8.1132
  23. Koelkebeck KW, Parsons CM, Leeper RW, Moshtaghian J 1991 Effecct of protein and methionine levels in molt diets on postmolt performance of laying hens. Poult Sci 70:2063- 2073. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0702063
  24. Koelkebeck KW, Parsons CM, Leeper RW, Moshtaghian J 1992 Effect of duration of fasting on post-molt laying hen performance. Poult Sci 71:434-439. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0710434
  25. Lee K 1982 Effects of forced moult period on post-moult performance of Leghorn hens. Poult Sci 61:1954-1598.
  26. Mazzuco H, McMurtry JP, Kuo AY, Hester PY. 2005 The effect of Pre- and postmolt diets high in n-3 fatty acids and molt programs on skeletal lntegrity and lnsulin-like growth factor-I of White Leghorns. Poult Sci 84:1735-1749. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/84.11.1735
  27. McKeen WD 1984 Feeding grape pomace to Leghorn hens as an alternative to starvation to induce a molt. Poult Sci 63 (Suppl.):148-149. (Abstr.).
  28. McReynolds JL, Moore RW, Kubena LF, Byrd JA, Woodward CL, Nisbet DJ, Ricke SC 2006 Effect of various combinations of alfalfa and standard layer diet on susceptibility of laying hens to Salmonella enteritidis during forced molt. Poultry Science 85:1123-1128. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/85.7.1123
  29. National Agriculture and Bio-oriented Research Organiation (NABRO) 2004 Japanese Feeding Standard for Poultry NABRO Tokyo (In Japanese).
  30. Ricke SC 2003 The gastrointestinal tract ecology of Salmonella Enteritidis colonization in molting hens. Poult Sci 82:1003- 1007. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/82.6.1003
  31. SAS 1999 SAS suer guide. release 6.11 edition. SAS Inst Inc Cary NC USA.
  32. Stevenson MH, Jackson N 1984 Comparison of dietary hydrated copper sulfate, dietary zinc oxide, and a direct method for inducing a moult in laying hens. Br Poult Sci 22:505-517. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668408454892
  33. Webster AB 2003 Physiology and behavior of the hen during induced molt. Poult Sci 82:992-1002. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/82.6.992
  34. Whitehead CC, Shannon DWF 1974 The control of egg production using a low-sodium diet. Br Poult Sci 15:429-434. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071667408416130
  35. Zimmermann NG, Andrews DK 1990 Performance of Leghorn hens induced to molt by limited feeding of diets varying in nutrient density. Poult Sci 69:1883-1891. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0691883
  36. Zimmermann NG, Andrews DK, McGinnis J 1987 Comparison of several induce molting methods on subsequent performance of Single Comb White Leghorn hens. Poult Sci 66: 408-417. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0660408
  37. 한국사양표준(가금) 2002 농림부.농촌진흥청 축산연구소.
  38. 홍의철 나재천 유동조 김학규 정완태 이현정 김인호 황보종 2007b 무염사료의 급여가 유도환우에 미치는 영향. 한국 가금학회지 34(4):279-286. https://doi.org/10.5536/KJPS.2007.34.4.279
  39. 홍의철 나재천 유동조 장병귀 김학규 최양호 박희두 황보종 2007a 산란계에서 급이 환우가 산란계의 생산성과 계란의 품질 및 주요 장기에 미치는 영향. 한국가금학회지 34(3): 197-205. https://doi.org/10.5536/KJPS.2007.34.3.197
  40. 홍의철 나재천 정일병 최양호 박희두 정완태 이현정 유동조 김학규 황보 종 2008 산란계의 유도환우에 있어서 급이 환우 방법의 평가 한국가금학회지 35(1):15-20. https://doi.org/10.5536/KJPS.2008.35.1.015