참고문헌
- Yaksh TL, Rudy TA: Analgesia mediated by a direct spinal action of narcotics. Science 1976; 192: 1357-8 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1273597
- Wang JK, Nauss LA, Thomas JE: Pain relief by intrathecally applied morphine in man. Anesthesiology 1979; 50:149-51 https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-197902000-00013
- Raphael JH, Southall JL, Gnanadurai TV, Treharne GJ, Kitas GD: Long-term experience with implanted intrathecal drug administration systems for failed back syndrome and chronic mechanical low back pain. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2002; 3: 17 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2474-3-17
- Mercadante S: Problems of long-term spinal opioid treatment in advanced cancer patients. Pain 1999; 79: 1-13 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3959(98)00118-3
- Alper MH: Intrathecal morphine: a new method of obstetric analgesia? Anesthesiology 1979; 51: 378-9 https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-197911000-00002
- Onofrio BM, Yaksh TL, Arnold PG: Continuous low-dose intrathecal morphine administration in the treatment of chronic pain of malignant origin. Mayo Clin Proc 1981; 56:516-20
- Paice JA, Penn RD, Shott S: Intraspinal morphine for chronic pain: a retrospective, multicenter study. J Pain Symptom Manage 1996; 11: 71-80 https://doi.org/10.1016/0885-3924(95)00099-2
-
Winkelm
$\ddot{u}$ ller M, Winkelm$\ddot{u}$ ller W: Long-term effects of continuous intrathecal opioid treatment in chronic pain of nonmalignant etiology. J Neurosurg 1996; 85: 458-67 https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1996.85.3.0458 - Thimineur MA, Kravitz E, Vodapally MS: Intrathecal opioid treatment for chronic non-malignant pain: a 3-year prospective study. Pain 2004; 109: 242-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2004.01.003
- Smith TJ, Staats PS, Deer T, Stearns LJ, Rauck RL, Boortz-Marx RL, et al: Randomized clinical trial of an implantable drug delivery system compared with comprehensive medical management for refractory cancer pain:impact on pain, drug-related toxicity, and survival. J Clin Oncol 2002; 20: 4040-9 https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2002.02.118
- Seo KC, Chung JY, Kim HY, Rho WS, Kim BI, Song SY: Intrathecal catheter and subcutaneous access port implantation in pain management for terminal cancer patient: a case report. Korean J Pain 2007; 20: 240-5 https://doi.org/10.3344/kjp.2007.20.2.240
- Hassenbusch SJ: Cost modeling for alternate routes of administration of opioids for cancer pain. Oncology (Williston Park) 1999; 13(5 Suppl 2): 63-7
- Krames ES: Intrathecal infusional therapies for intractable pain: patient management guidelines. J Pain Symptom Manage 1993; 8: 36-46 https://doi.org/10.1016/0885-3924(93)90118-F
- Krames ES: Intraspinal opioid therapy for chronic nonmalignant pain: current practice and clinical guidelines. J Pain Symptom Manage 1996; 11: 333-52 https://doi.org/10.1016/0885-3924(96)00010-3
- Follett KA, Naumann CP: A prospective study of catheterrelated complications of intrathecal drug delivery systems. J Pain Symptom Manage 2000; 19: 209-15 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0885-3924(99)00153-0
- Fluckiger B, Knecht H, Grossmann S, Felleiter P:Device-related complications of long-term intrathecal drug therapy via implanted pumps. Spinal Cord 2008; 46: 39-43 https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.sc.3102057
- Hassenbusch S, Burchiel K, Coffey RJ, Cousins MJ, Deer T, Hahn MB, et al: Management of intrathecal catheter-tip inflammatory masses: a consensus statement. Pain Med 2002; 3: 313-23 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-4637.2002.02055.x
- Rigler ML, Drasner K, Krejcie TC, Yelich SJ, Scholnick FT, DeFontes J, et al: Cauda equina syndrome after continuous spinal anesthesia. Anesth Analg 1991; 72: 275-81 https://doi.org/10.1213/00000539-199102000-00041
- Chrubasik J, Chrubasik S, Martin E: Patient-controlled spinal opiate analgesia in terminal cancer. Has its time really arrived? Drugs 1992; 43: 799-804 https://doi.org/10.2165/00003495-199243060-00001
- Williams JE, Louw G, Towlerton G: Intrathecal pumps for giving opioids in chronic pain: a systematic review. Health Technol Assess 2000; 4: 1-65
피인용 문헌
- Aspiration Pneumonitis Caused by Delayed Respiratory Depression Following Intrathecal Morphine Administration vol.25, pp.2, 2012, https://doi.org/10.3344/kjp.2012.25.2.126
- Intrathecal Morphine Infusion Therapy in Management of Chronic Pain: Present and Future Implementation in Korea vol.57, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2016.57.2.475
- The Intrathecal Drug Administration System vol.22, pp.2, 2009, https://doi.org/10.3344/kjp.2009.22.2.117