Korean Chemical Engineering Research

The Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers (한국화학공학회)
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Characteristics of NOx Reduction and NH3 Slip in SNCR Using Pipe Nozzle for the Application of Hybrid SNCR/SCR Process

Hybrid SNCR/SCR 탈질공정에서 SNCR의 관통노즐에 의한 NOx 저감 및 NH3 Slip 특성

  • Received : 2008.10.22
  • Accepted : 2009.01.14
  • Published : 2009.02.28
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Abstract

A hybrid SNCR/SCR plant was designed and manufactured, and experimented on the SNCR process in the first step to investigate the optimum operation conditions of SNCR, with the equivalence ratio of the reducing agent(NSR, 0.5~5.0), reaction temperature($850{\sim}1,100^{\circ}C$), nozzle type(wall nozzle, pipe nozzle), and nozzle position as variables. In the case of wall nozzles, the NOx reduction efficiency rapidly increased to 87% at 2.5 NSR and slowed down after this. Compared to the upward spray from the pipe nozzle, wall nozzles have narrower range of applicable reaction temperature. In the case of pipe nozzles, it rapidly increased to 77% at 1.5 NSR. But the pipe nozzle downward had no NOx reduction efficiency; on the contrary, NOx increased. When the reducing agent was sprayed upward from a pipe nozzle, the NOx reduction efficiency was 50~75% in the range of 0.5~1.5 NSR, and the NOx reduction efficiency was constant without fluctuations even in the change of reaction temperature from 890 to $1,000^{\circ}C$. When 5% urea solution was sprayed upward from the pipe nozzle, 200 ppm NOx decreased to approximately 60 ppm at 1.2 NSR, and the non-reacted $NH_3$ was 50~100 ppm. In this condition, we expect over 90% NOx reduction efficiency without additional supply of $NH_3$ to SCR at the back of SNCR.

Hybrid SNCR/SCR 공정개발을 위해 $1,000\;Nm^3/hr$ 용량의 실증 플랜트를 제작하였다. 1단계로 SNCR의 최적운전 조건을 규명하기위해 환원제의 당량비(NSR, 0.5~5.0), 반응온도($850{\sim}1,100^{\circ}C$), 노즐형태(벽노즐, 관통노즐), 노즐위치를 변수로 SNCR 실험하였다. 벽노즐은 NSR 2.5에서 87%까지 NOx 저감효율이 급증하고 이후 증가 폭이 둔화되었다. 관통노즐 상향분사와 비교해, 적용 가능한 반응온도 범위도 적었다. 관통노즐 상향은 NSR 1.5에서 77%까지 NOx 저감효율이 급증되는 현상을 보였다. 그러나 관통노즐 하향은 NOx 저감효과가 없을 뿐만 아니라 오히려 NOx 발생이 증가하였다. 관통노즐에서 환원제를 상향분사했을 때, NSR 0.5~1.5 범위에서 NOx 저감효율은 50~75%로 나타났고, $890{\sim}1,000^{\circ}C$ 범위의 반응온도변화에도 NOx 저감효율의 증감없이 일정한 효율을 보였다. Urea 5% 용액을 NSR 1.2 에서 관통노즐로 상향 분사했을 때 이며, 이때 200 ppm의 NOx가 약 60 ppm으로 저감되고, 미반응 $NH_3$는 50~100 ppm이었다. 이 조건에서 SNCR 후단의 SCR에 추가적인 $NH_3$ 공급 없이도 90 % 이상의 NOx 저감효율이 기대된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 환경기술진흥원

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