Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics

The Korean Pediatric Society (대한소아청소년과학회)
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Clinical feature of neonatal pneumothorax induced by respiratory distress syndrome and pneumonia

호흡곤란증후군과 폐렴에 의한 신생아 기흉의 임상적 특성

  • Jung, Ji-Sun (Department of Pediatrics, Keimyung University School of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Sang-Woo (Department of Pediatrics, Keimyung University School of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Chun-Soo (Department of Pediatrics, Keimyung University School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Lak (Department of Pediatrics, Keimyung University School of Medicine) ;
  • Kwon, Tae-Chan (Department of Pediatrics, Keimyung University School of Medicine)
  • 정지선 (계명대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 박상우 (계명대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 김천수 (계명대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 이상락 (계명대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 권태찬 (계명대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실)
  • Received : 2008.08.08
  • Accepted : 2008.11.09
  • Published : 2009.03.15
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Abstract

Purpose : Pneumothorax is an important factor responsible for increased mortality and morbidity in neonates. Here, we compared the clinical findings and prognosis for neonatal pneumothorax induced by respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and pneumonia. Methods : Between January 2001 and December 2005, 80 patients with neonatal pneumothorax induced by RDS and pneumonia and admitted to the NICU of Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University, were enrolled. They were assigned to the RDS group (30 cases) or the pneumonia group (50 cases). Admission records for gestational age, onset day of life, rate of ventilatory care and thoracostomy, and prognosis were retrospectively reviewed and statistically analyzed for both groups. Results : The mean gestation age was significantly shorter in the RDS group (32.3 weeks) than in the pneumonia group (38.1 weeks) (P<0.001), and the mean onset day of life were later in the RDS group (4.6 days) than in the pneumonia group (1.8 days) (P<0.05). Rates of ventilatory care and thoracostomy were higher for the RDS group than for the pneumonia group (100% vs. 44%, and 66.7% vs. 48%, respectively). Total mortality rates and pneumothorax specific mortality rates were higher for the RDS group than for the pneumonia group (46.7% vs. 18%, P<0.01 and 33.3% vs. 16%, P<0.05, respectively). After logistic regression analysis, preterm significantly increased the mortality rate (OR 7.44, 95% CI: 1.99-27.86, P<0.005), but bilateral involvement (OR 1.17, 95% CI: 0.82-1.67, P>0.5) and the RDS group itself (OR 1.70, 95% CI: 0.52-5.54, P>0.3) did not increase mortality rates significantly. Conclusion : Our study suggests that neonatal pneumothorax in the RDS group tends to have a later onset, higher mortality rate, and needs a higher rate of thoracostomy than the pneumonia group. However, after logistic analysis, only preterm significantly and independently increased the mortality rate.

목 적 : 기흉은 신생아에서 이환율과 사망률을 증가시키는 주요한 원인으로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 신생아 기흉의 주요 원인인 RDS와 폐렴 환아에서 그 발생양상과 예후를 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 2001년 1월부터 2005년 12월까지 계명대학교 동산의료원 신생아 집중치료실에 입원하였던 환아 중 입원 중에 기흉이 있었던 환아를 대상으로 원인 질환에 따라 RDS 군과 폐렴군으로 나누어 후향적으로 의무기록을 분석 하였다. 두 군에서 임상소견(재태 주령, 생후 발병일, 인공환기기 및 흉관삽관술 비율) 및 예후(사망률), 사망환아는 사망영향 인자를 통계적으로 비교 분석하였다. 결 과 : 총 80명의 환아 중 RDS군이 30명, 폐렴군이 50명 이었다. 평균 재태주령은 RDS군에서 32.3주로 폐렴군 38.1주보다 의미있게 짧았으며(P<0.001), 평균 발생일은 RDS군에서 4.6일로 폐렴군 1.8일보다 의미있게 늦게 생겼다(P<0.05). 초기 인공환기기 사용과 발생후 흉관삽관술 시행은 RDS군이 100%와 66.7%로 폐렴군 44%와 48%보다 높았다. 발생후 사망률은 RDS군에서 46.7%로 폐렴군의 18%보다 높았고, 기흉자체로 인한 사망률도 RDS군에서 33.3%로 폐렴군의 16%보다 의미있게 높았다(P<0.05). 로지스틱 회귀분석에서 기흉동반시 사망률은 조산아에서 의미있게 높았고(OR 7.44, 95% CI: 1.99-27.86, P<0.005), RDS군에서 발생시 폐렴군보다 높은 경향을 보였으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다(OR 1.70, 95% CI: 0.52-5.54, P>0.3). 양측성으로 발생시의 사망률은 일측성과 유사하였다. 결 론 : 신생아 기흉은 호흡곤란증후군에서 동반시 폐렴군에서 보다 의미있게 늦게 발생되며, 인공환기기 및 흉관삽관술이 많이 필요하였고, 사망률도 좀더 높은 경향을 보였다. 특히 조산아에서 발생 자체가 독립적으로 기흉의 사망률을 높였다.

Keywords

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