Journal of Chest Surgery

The Korean Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (대한심장혈관흉부외과학회)
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Pharmaco-mechanical Thrombectomy and Stent Placement in Patients with May-Thurner Syndrome and Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis

May-Thurner 증후군과 동반된 하지 심부정맥혈전환자에서 혈전제거술과 스텐트삽입술

  • Jeon, Yonh-Sun (Department of Radiology, Inha University Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Yong-Sam (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Inha University Hospital) ;
  • Cho, Jung-Soo (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong Hospital) ;
  • Yoon, Yong-Han (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Inha University Hospital) ;
  • Baek, Wan-Ki (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Inha University Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Kwang-Ho (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Inha University Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Joung-Taek (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Inha University Hospital)
  • Published : 2009.12.05
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Abstract

Background: Compression of the left common iliac vein by the overriding common iliac artery is frequently combined with acute deep vein thrombosis in patients with May-Thurner Syndrome. We evaluate the results of treatment with thrombolysis and thrombectomy followed by stenting in 34 patients with May-Thurner Syndrome combined with lower extremity deep venous thrombosis. Material and Method: The authors retrospectively reviewed the records of 34 patients (mean age: $65{\pm}14$ year old) who had undergone stent insertion for acute deep vein thrombosis that was caused by May-Thurner syndrome. After thrombectomy and thrombolysis, insertion of a wall stent and balloon angioplasty were performed to relieve the compression of the left common iliac vein. Urokinase at a rate of 80,000 to 120,000 U/hour was infused into the thrombosed vein via a multi-side hole thrombolysis catheter. A retrieval inferior vena cava (IVC) filter was placed to protect against pulmonary embolism in 30 patients (88%). Oral anticoagulation with warfarin was maintained for 3 months, and follow-up Multi Detector Computerized Tomography (MDCT) angiography was done at the date of the patients' hospital discharge and at the 6 months follow-up. Result: The symptoms of deep venous thrombosis disappeared in two patients (4%), and there was clinical improvement within 48 hours in twenty eight patients (82%), but there was no improvement in four patients (8%). The MDCT angiography at discharge showed no thrombus in 9 patients (26%) and partial thrombus in 21 (62%), whereas the follow-up MDCT at $6.4{\pm}5.5$ months (32 patients) revealed no thrombus in 23 patients (72%), and partial thrombus in 9 patients (26%). Two patients (6%) had recurrence of DVT, so they underwent retreatment. Conclusion: Stent insertion with catheter-directed thrombolysis and thrombectomy is an effective treatment for May-Thurner syndrome combined with acute deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremity.

배경: May-Thurner 증후군은 좌측장골정맥이 우측장골동맥에 의해 눌리어 정맥 환류장해에 의해 혈전증을 일으키는 것을 말한다. 저자들은 심부 정맥혈전중의 치료를 위해 시행한 혈전 제거-용해술 및 스탠트 삽입술의 결과를 분석하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: May-Thurner 증후군과 동반된 하지 심부정맥혈전증으로 진단받고 좌측 장골정맥에 스탠트를 삽입한 34명(평균연령 $64.6{\pm}13.7$세, 여자 25(74%)명)을 대상으로 하였다. 시술은 흡인성 혈전제거와 혈전용해 후 분지성 협착이 있는 곳에 Wall stent를 삽입하고 풍선 확장을 하였다. Multi side hole 카테타를 혈전이 있는 부위에 위치시키고 Urokinase를 시간당 8만에서 12만 International Unit을 1일 또는 2일 동안 주입하였다. 시술 중 폐동맥혈전색전증을 방지 하기 위하여 대부분 환자에서 시술 전 일시적 하대정맥 여과기(IVC Filter)를 삽입하였다. 퇴원 후 3개월간 경구용 와파린을 투여 하였으며 퇴원 전과 퇴원 후 6개월에 Multi Detector Computerized Tomography (MDCT) 혈관촬영을 이용하여 혈전의 유무를 판단하였다. 결과: 시술 48시간 이내 부종과 동통이 완전하게 소실된 환자가 2 (6%)명이었으며 증상의 완화가 있는 환자가 28 (82%)명, 증상의 호전이 없는 환자가 4 (12%)명이었다. 퇴원 시 MDCT혈관촬영에서 9 (26%)명에서 혈전없음, 21 (62%)명에서 부분 혈전, 그리고 4명(12%)에서 폐쇄소견을 보였다. 퇴원 6개월 후에 2명을 제외한 32명이 추적 MDCT혈관촬영을 하였는데 23 (72%)명에서 혈전없음을 9 (26%)명에서는 부분혈전이 관찰 되었다. 평균 5.6개월 관찰기간 동안 2 (6%)명에서 심부정맥혈전이 재발되어 재입원하였으며 하지 부종과 통증을 동반한 혈전 후 증후군은 9예(26%)에서 발생하였다. 결론: May-Thurner 증후군과 동반된 하지 심부정맥혈전환자에서 심부정맥혈전의 제거와 혈전용해술과 함께 시술된 스탠트 삽입은 효과적인 치료 방법으로 생각된다.

Keywords

References

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