Prenatally Diagnosed Uncommon Mosaic Autosomal Trisomy

  • Lee, Bom-Yi (Laboratory of Medical Genetics1, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine) ;
  • Park, So-Yeon (Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Moon-Hee (Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Woo (Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Ju-Yeon (Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine) ;
  • Choi, Eun-Young (Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Yeon-Woo (Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine) ;
  • Oh, Ah-Rum (Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Shin-Young (Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Min-Hyung (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine) ;
  • Ryu, Hyun-Mee (Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine)
  • 투고 : 2009.06.04
  • 심사 : 2009.06.22
  • 발행 : 2009.03.01

초록

산전에서 성염색체와 13번, 18번, 21번 염색체를 제외한상염색체의 모자이시즘은 발생빈도가 낮고 증례보고가 적어서 예후 예측이 어렵다. 저자들은 삼염색체성 5번, 16번, 20번의 산전진단 4례를 보고하고자 한다. 모자�� 삼염색체성 20번 2례 중 증례 1은 양수 염색체 검사에서 36.6%의 모자이시즘을 보였으나 재검한 양수 검사에서는 보다 높은 빈도 (62.1%)를 보였다. 증례2에서는 양수 염색체 검사에서 모자이시즘 삼염색체성 20번이 5.25% 였으나, 재검 양수천자결과는 정상 핵형을 보였다. 증례 3은 30개의 양수세포에서 삼염색체성 16번의 모자이시즘이 13.6% 관찰되었다. 임신 종결 후, 총60개의 태아 혈액 세포에서 모자이시즘 없는 정상 핵형이 관찰되었으나 태아의 피부 섬유아세포에서 얻은 40개의 중기상 세포에서는 22.5%의 삼염색체성 16번 모자이시즘을 보였다. 부검결과 심실중격결손(ventricular septal defect)이 관찰되었다. 증례 4는 76개의 중기상 세포에서 10.5%의 삼염색체성 5번 모자이시즘을 보였으나 태아의 초음파검사에서는 정상소견을 보였다. Level III 모자이시즘은진성 모자이시즘으로 간주되지만 발생빈도가 낮은 상염색체의 삼염색체성 모자이시즘은 태아의 예후를 예견하기 어려우므로 산전 진단시 여러 조직의 재검 및 태아 초음파 소견과 함께 다양한 임상적 접근 방법으로 그 해석에 신중을 기해야 할 것으로 사료된다.

Prenatal diagnosis of rare autosome mosaicism involvingchromosomes other than chromosome 13, 18, 21 or the sex chromosome is encountered prognostic dilemma during genetic counseling. We report four cases of level III uncommon mosaicism of trisomy 5, 16 and 20,diagnosed prenatally. In case 1 with mosaic trisomy 20, there was a higher mosaic ratio of trisomy 20 in the repeat amniocentesis (62.1%) than in the first (36.6%) with normal fetal ultrasound finding except for a relatively small aorta on a 3-vessel view of the fetal heart. Case 2 showed a low rate of mosaic trisomy 20 (5.25%) in cultured amniocytes but normal karyotype in the repeat amniocentesis, who delivered a normal healthy baby. Case 3 showed a 13.6% of trisomy 16 mosaicism in the 30 cells of cultured amniocytes. Sixty cells from a fetal blood sample at termination showed non-mosaic 46,XX normal karyotype, while skin fibroblasts had 22.5% trisomy 16 in 40 metaphases. The autopsy showed ventricular septal defect (VSD). Case 4 with low grade mosaicism (10.5%) of trisomy 5 resulted in elective termination, though the ultrasoumd showed growsly normal fetus. Although level III mosaicism is regarded as true mosaicism, it is difficult to predict the outcome of the fetus with rare mosaic autosome trisomy. Therefore mosaic autosome trisomy of fetus should be carefully interpreted with more various approaches including repeat sampling and targeted fetal ultrasound.

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