DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Analysis of Optimum Condition for Production of an Onionic Vinegar by Two-Step Fermentations

2단계 발효에 의한 양파식초 제조의 최적 조건 검토

  • Kim, Sam-Woong (Division of Biological Science, Pusan National University) ;
  • Park, Jai-Hyo (Division of Biological Science, Pusan National University) ;
  • Jun, Hong-Ki (Division of Biological Science, Pusan National University)
  • 김삼웅 (부산대학교 생명과학부 미생물학과) ;
  • 박재효 (부산대학교 생명과학부 미생물학과) ;
  • 전홍기 (부산대학교 생명과학부 미생물학과)
  • Published : 2008.10.30

Abstract

This study was carried out to develop a vinegar by an onion juice. Onions are considered to be a promising source of the vinegar because these are rich in sugars, amino acids and various nutrients. An Acetobacter for an acetic acid fermentation was isolated and used from vinegars produced by industrial goods or from matured Kimchi. When supplemented with 2-8% ethanol into an onionic juice medium, the highest production of the acetic acid was observed at 9 days by addition of 4% ethanol. Optimum temperature and aeration for acetic acid production were exhibited at $30^{\circ}C$ and 200 rpm, respectively. A flask containing larger air-contact surface region for fermentation was produced the more acetic acid than that of a test tube. Taken all these together, an optimum condition for the acetic acid fermentation was over 9 days at $30^{\circ}C$, 200 rpm with 5% alcohol and 2% initial acidity. When fermented by the upper condition, the final product contains 5.2% total acidity and less than 1% ethanol. These are suitable for conditions of fruit vinegar notified by the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy.

본 연구는 양파즙으로 식초를 생성하기 위해 수행되었다. 양파는 당, 아미노산, 다양한 영양분이 풍부하기 때문에 식초의 우수한 원료로 고려된다. 초산발효를 위해 초산균은 시판되고 있는 식초와 완숙된 김치로부터 분리하여 사용하였다. 양파즙 배지에 2-8% ethanol이 보충될 때, 4% ethanol 첨가에 의해 9일에 가장 높은 초산 생성능을 보였다. 초산 생성을 위한 적정온도는 $30^{\circ}C$였고, 통기량은 200 rpm이 경제적인 것으로 나타났다. 초산 발효를 위해 표면적인 넓은 삼각 플라스크가 시험관보다 높은 생성 능력을 보였다. 그러므로 초산 생성을 위한 초적 조건은 초기 5% 알코올 함량과 2% 산도로, $30^{\circ}C$에서 200 rpm으로 9일 동안 배양하는 것으로 나타났다. 이 조건으로 초산 발효될 때, 5.2% 총산도와 1% 미만의 알코올이 잔존하는 것으로 나타났다. 이것은 산업자원부가 고시한 과실 음료 조건에 적합한 것으로 판명되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Cho, J. S. 1984. Species and properties of vinegar. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 17, 38-87.
  2. Hekmat, D. and D. Vortmeyer. 1992. Measurement control and modeling of submerged acetic acid fermentation. J. Ferment. Bioeng. 73, 26-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/0922-338X(92)90226-K
  3. Jeong, Y. J., J. H. Seo, G. D. Lee, N. Y. Park and T. H. Choi. 1999. The quality comparison of apple vinegar by two stages fermentation with commercial apple vinegar. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 28, 353-358.
  4. Kim, C. J., K. C, Kim, D. Y. Kim, M. J. Oh, S. G. Lee, S. O. Lee, S. T. Jung and J. H. Jung. 1990. Fermentation engineering. Sunjin Moonhasa.
  5. Kim, H. J., S. H. Park and C. H. Park. 1985. Studies on the production of vinegar from barley. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 17, 350-354.
  6. Kim, S. W., E. H., Oh and H. K., Jun. 2008a. Analysis of optimum condition for alcoholic drink production using onion extract. J. Life Sci. 18, 871-877. https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2008.18.6.871
  7. Kim, S. W., E. H. Oh and H. K. Jun. 2008b. Development of an alcoholic drink using onion extract. J. Life Sci. 18, 980-985. https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2008.18.7.980
  8. Kim, Y. D., S. H. Kang and S. K. Kang. 1996. Studies on the acetic acid fermentation using Maesil juice. J. Korean Food Sci. Nutr. 25, 695-700.
  9. Krige, N. R. 1984. Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 1, 267-278 In: Acetobacteraceae. Ley, J. D., M. Gillis and J. Swing (eds.), Wiiliams & Wilkins, Baltimore. USA.
  10. Kwon, L. B., H. S. Chun and S. J. Kim. 1993. Isolation and characterization of Acetobater sp. CS strain from Haenam vinegar. Kor. J. Microbiol. 31, 99-104.
  11. Lee, G. D., S. K. Kim and J. M. Lee. 2003. Optimization of the acetic acid fermentation condition for preparation of strawberry vinegar. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 32, 812-817. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2003.32.6.812
  12. Lee, Y. C., M. S. Park, H. C. Kim, K. B. Park, Y. J. Yoo, I. K. Ahn and S. H. Son. 1993. Production of high acetic acid vinegar by single stage fed-batch culture. Kor. J. Appl. Microbiol. Bioeng. 21, 511-512.
  13. Min, K. H., H. D. Kim and B. K. Hur. 1995. Effect of initial condition on the characteristics of ethanol fermentation. Kor. J. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 23, 479-484.
  14. Muraoka, H., Y. Watabe and N. Ogasawara. 1982. Effect of oxygen deficiency on acid production and morphology of bacterial cells in submerged acetic acid fermentation by Acetobacter aceti. J. Ferment. Technol. 60, 171-180.
  15. Oh, Y. J. 1992. A study on cultural conditions for acetic acid production employing pear juice. J. Kor. Soc. Food Nutr. 21, 377-380.
  16. Oki, Y., K. Hashimoto, T. Matsumoto, T. Kubota, M. Emoto and K. Kobashi. 1992. Production of vinegar from soybean oligosaccharide, in vivo and in vitro effects of the vinegar on human fecal microflora (Japanese). Nippon Nogeikagaku Kaishi. 66, 727-732. https://doi.org/10.1271/nogeikagaku1924.66.727
  17. Park, H. P., S. J. Kim, J. C. Ryu, B. S. Pyo and S. W. Kim. 1993. Some properties of Acetobacter sp. isolated from traditional fermented vinegar. Kor. J. Biotech. Bioeng. 8, 397-401.
  18. Persoon, C. H. 1822. Mycologia Europaea. 1, 96.
  19. Seo, J. H., N. Y. Park and Y. J. Jeong. 2001. Volatile components in persimmon vinegars by solid-phase microextraction. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 33, 153-156.
  20. Shin, K. R., B. C. Kim, J. Y. Yang and Y. D. Kim. 1999. Characterization of Yakju prepared with yeasts from fruits. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 28, 801-804.
  21. Yang, H. C. and D. S. Choi. 1979. Physiological characteristics of acetic acid bacteria isolated from clover flower vinegar. J. Kor. Agric. Chem. Soc. 22, 150-159.

Cited by

  1. Production of Vinegar using Rubus coreanus and Its Antioxidant Activities vol.19, pp.4, 2012, https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2012.19.4.594
  2. Comparison of the fermented property and isolation of acetic-acid bacteria from traditional Korean vinegar vol.21, pp.6, 2014, https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2014.21.6.903
  3. Fed–batch fermentation of onion vinegar using Acetobacter tropicalis vol.25, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-016-0219-z
  4. Changes in Taste Compounds during Onion Vinegar Fermentation vol.45, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2016.45.2.298
  5. Development of Functional Vinegar by Using Cucumbers vol.41, pp.7, 2012, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2012.41.7.927
  6. Characteristics of Biocellulose by Gluconobacter uchimurae GYS15 vol.42, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.15230/SCSK.2016.42.3.247
  7. Manufacture and quality evaluation of purple sweet potato Makgeolli vinegar using a 2-stage fermentation vol.23, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-014-0156-7
  8. Production of Korean Domestic Wheat (keumkangmil) Vinegar with Acetobacter pasteurianus A8 vol.45, pp.2, 2013, https://doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2013.45.2.252