DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

시설 재배 가지에서 질소 시비 수준에 따른 점박이응애의 생물적 특성

Bionomics of Tetranychus urticae Koch on Eggplants under Various Nitrogen Regimes in Controlled Environment

  • 김주 (전라북도농업기술원) ;
  • 이상구 (전북대학교 농업생명과학대학 생물자원과학부) ;
  • 김정만 (전라북도농업기술원) ;
  • 김태흥 (전북대학교 농업생명과학대학 생물자원과학부) ;
  • 문형철 (전라북도농업기술원) ;
  • 최규환 (전라북도농업기술원) ;
  • 최동칠 (전라북도농업기술원)
  • Kim, Ju (Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Koo (Faculty of Biological Resources Science, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, Jeong-Man (Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Kim, Tae-Heung (Faculty of Biological Resources Science, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Moon, Hyung-Cheol (Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Choi, Kyu-Hwan (Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Choi, Dong-Chil (Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services)
  • 발행 : 2008.09.30

초록

질소를 5, 10, 30, 60 mM 수준으로 재배한 가지잎을 먹이로 점박이응애의 발육을 조사하였다. 질소 시비수준이 증가함에 따라 식물체내 N함량은 증가하였으나 K, Ca, Mg는 감소하였으며, 수분함량과 조단백질은 증가하였지만 회분, 탄수화물, 섬유소등은 감소하였다. 질소 시비수준에 따른 수량은 10 mM처리에서 주당 989.5 g으로 가장 많았고, 60 mM처리에서 가장 적었다. 잎 두께와 엽록소함량은 질소함량이 증가할수록 증가하였다. 엽편에서 실내실험 결과 식이선호성과 산란선호성은 30 mM처리에서 높았고, 5 mM처리에서 낮았다. 온실에서 정식 99일 후 자연 발생되는 점박이응애의 피해엽률은 60 mM에서 98%로 가장 높았고 방제구와 피해구의 생육은 질소농도가 높을수록 차이가 커졌다. 점박이응애의 발육은 처리 간에 경향을 찾을 수가 없었으나 엽내 질소함량이 높을수록 각 영기별 사망률은 낮아졌다. 성충의 수명은 질소함량이 높은 60 mM처리에서 암수 각각 11.9일, 6.9일로 길었다. 산란기간도, 60 mM처리에서 11.7일로 가장 길고 질소함량이 낮아질수록 짧아졌다. 산란 수는 질소함량이 높은 60 mM처리에서 144.4개로 가장 많았고, 5 mM처리에서 41.0개로 가장 적었다. 성비는 10 mM처리에서 0.75로 암컷의 비율이 높았다. $R_o$와 T는 질소수준이 높을수록 증가하였고, $r_m$$\lambda$는 처리 간에 경향이 없었으며, DT는 감소하였다.

Development of T. urticae was studied on the leaves of eggplant grown in hydroponics with nitrogen contents of 5 mM, 10 mM, 30 mM, and 60 mM. As the nitrogen level in hydroponics increased, it also increased in the plant whereas that of K, Ca, and Mg decreased. More nitrogen in hydroponics resulted in increased contents of water and crude protein, and decreased ash, carbohydrates, and fibers within the plant. Biomass was the heaviest as 989.5 g at 10 mM and the lightest at 60 mM. Leaf thickness and the content of chlorophyll increased as the content of nitrogen increased. Laboratory leaf disc tests obtained from plants grown at various nitrogen levels revealed that feeding and oviposition preferences of T. urticae were high at 30 mM and low at 5 mM. Ratio of damaged leaf by naturally occurring T. urticae on eggplants of 99 days post-transplant in the greenhouse was the highest as 98% at 60 mM. Degrees of damage on eggplants with and without T. urticae infestation turned up more as the differences in the levels of nitrogen in the hydroponics get bigger. No definite differences in the rate of T. urticae development was found between nitrogen treatment levels but, mortalities in immature stages dropped as the nitrogen levels went up. Adult longevity was the longest of 11.9 for female and 6.9 days for male at 60 mM. Oviposition period was also the longest as 11.7 days at 60 mM and shortened as the level of nitrogen decreased. The number of eggs oviposited was the most as 144.4 at 60 mM while it was the least as 41.0 at 5 mM. Sex ratio was 0.75 in favor of female at 10 mM. $R_o$ and T increased, no trends were detected in $r_m\;and\;{\lambda}$, while Dt decreased as the levels of nitrogen went up.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Auclair, J.L. 1967. Effects of pH and sucrose on rearing the cotton aphid, Aphis cossypii, on a germ-free and holidic diet. J. Insect Physiol. 13: 431-446 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1910(67)90083-2
  2. Bentz, J.A., J. Reeves III, P. Barbosa, and B. Francis. 1995. Nitrogen fertilizer effect on selection, acceptance, and suitability of Euphorbia pulcherrima (Euphorbiaceae) as a host plant to Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Environ. Entomol. 24: 40-45 https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/24.1.40
  3. Broadway, R.M. and S.S. Duffet. 1988. The effect of plant protein quality on insect digestive physiology and the toxicity of plant proteinase inhibitors. J. Insect Physiol. 34(12): 1111-1117 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1910(88)90213-2
  4. Busch, J.W and P.L. Phelan. 1999. Mixture models of soybean growth and herbivore performance in response to nitrogen-sulphurphosphorous nutrient interactions. Ecol. Entomol. 24: 132-145 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2311.1999.00185.x
  5. Chau, A., K.M. Hevin, and F.T. Davies Jr. 2005. Influences of fertilization on population abundance, distribution and control of Frankliniella occidentalis on chrysanthemum. The Netherlands Entomological Society Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 117: 27-39 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2005.00326.x
  6. Fritzsche, R., H. Wolffgang, E. Reiss, and S. Thiele. 1980. Studies on the causes of varietal differences in infestation of apple tree by Oligonychus ulmi Koch. Archiu fur Phytopathologie und Pflanzenschtz 16(3): 193-198
  7. Hoffland, E., M. Dicke, W. Van Tinrelen. H. Dijkman, and M. L. Van Beusichem. 2000. Nitrogen availability and defense of tomato against two-spotted spider mite. Journal of Chemical Ecology 26(12): 2697-2711 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026477423988
  8. K.F.D.A. 2005. Food code. Korean Food Industry Association. pp. 41-42
  9. Kim, J.M., J.M. Choi, H.J. Chung, and J.S. Jeong. 2005. Effect of nitrogen concentration in fertigation solution on growth and nutrient uptake of cut chrysanthemum 'Biarritz'. J. Kor. Flower Res. Soc. 13(3): 143-151
  10. Kwon, O.S. 2002. The effect of changes in organic nitrogen concentration of Rumex obtusifolius L. on the population dynamics of Aphis rumicis L. (Homoptera: Aphididae). Korean J. Entomol. 32(3): 193-200 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5967.2002.tb00030.x
  11. Lee, B.Y. and J.B. Hwang. 1998. Some Components analysis for Chinese water chestnut processing. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 30(3): 717-720
  12. Lee, J.M., K.P. Kim, I.S. Kim, J.Y. Kim, J.H. Kim, H.Y. Kim, W. Moon, K.W. Park, Y. Park, Y.B. Park, J.B. Park, H.Y. Park, H.K. Park, J.K. Seo, S.L. Yang, Y.J. Yang, S.O. Lyu, H.M. Yun, J.S. Eun, B.I. Lee, S.S. Lee, Y.B. Lee, Y.B. Lee, S.J. Jeong, H.D. Jeong, J.L. Jo, and J.M. Hwang. 2003. Newly published vegetable horticulture particulars. Hyangmoonsa, Seoul, Korea, pp. 159-170
  13. Lee, Y.H., Y.K. Shin, and G.S. Rhee. 1993. Studies on chemical properties of soils under the plastic house cultivation of vegetables. J. Korean Soc. Soil Sci. Fert. 26(4): 236-240
  14. Leite, G.L. D., M. Picanco, R.N.C. Guedes, and J.C. Zanuncio. 1999. Influence of canopy height and fertilization levels on the resistance of Lycopersicon hirsutum to Aculops lycopersici (Acari: Eriophyidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology 23: 633- 642 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006201915292
  15. Park, J.M., D.S. Kim, H.M. Ro, M.S. Yiem and S.H. Yoo. 1999. Effect of nitrogen rates and drip-irrigation levels on leaf mineral contents and growth of lysimeter grown 'Fuji'/M.26 apples. J. Kor. Soc. Hort. Sci. 40(6): 711-714
  16. R.D.A. 2002. Eggplant growth technics. Rural Development Administration. pp. 25-159
  17. Rodriguez, J.G., 1951. Mineral nutrition of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus bimaculatus Harvey. Ann. Ento. Soc. Amer. 44: 511-525 https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/44.4.511
  18. Suski, Z.W. and T. Balowska. 1975. Effect of the host plant nutrition on the population of the two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina, Tetranychidae). Ekol. Pol. 23: 185-209
  19. Wermelinger, B. and V. Delucchi. 1990. Effect of sex-ratio on multiplication of the two-spotted spider mite as affected by leaf nitrogen. Experimental and Applied Acarology 9(1-2): 11-18 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01198979
  20. Yiem, M.S., J.H. An and Y.I. Lee, 1993. Relationships between morphological characteristics of apple leaf and resistance to twospotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch). RDA. J. Agri. Sci. 35(2): 464-470
  21. Yuk, C.S, J.J. Kim, S.D. Hong and B.G. Kang. 1993. Salt accumulation in horticultural soils of PE film house in Chungbuk area. J. Korean Soc. Soil. Sci. Fert. 26(3): 172-180