공업화학 (Applied Chemistry for Engineering)

  • 제19권6호
  • /
  • Pages.633-639
  • /
  • 2008
  • /
  • 1225-0112(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2288-4505(eISSN)
한국공업화학회 (The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry)
권호 표지

상전환 공정에 의한 폴리설폰막의 제조에 있어 제막용액에 첨가된 톨루엔의 영향

Effect of Toluene Added to Casting Solution on Characteristic of Phase Inversion Polysulfone Membrane

  • 최승락 (충남대학교 화학공학과) ;
  • 박소진 (충남대학교 화학공학과) ;
  • 서범경 (한국원자력연구소 제염해체기술연구부) ;
  • 이근우 (한국원자력연구소 제염해체기술연구부) ;
  • 한명진 (경일대학교 디스플레이화학공학과)
  • Choi, Seung-Rag (Chemical Engineering, Division of Applied Bio-Chemistry, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Park, So-Jin (Chemical Engineering, Division of Applied Bio-Chemistry, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Seo, Bum-Kyoung (Division of Decommissioning Technology Development, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) ;
  • Lee, Kune Woo (Division of Decommissioning Technology Development, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) ;
  • Han, Myeong-Jin (Department of Display and Chemical Engineering, Kyungil University)
  • 투고 : 2008.08.29
  • 심사 : 2008.10.10
  • 발행 : 2008.12.10
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

상전환법을 이용하여 폴리설폰, n-메틸피롤리돈과 톨루엔으로 이루어진 제막용액으로부터 고분자 분리막이 제조되었다. 톨루엔은 폴리설폰에 대한 비용매로서 제막용액에 첨가되었으며, 침지용 비용매로는 이소프로필알코올이 사용되었다. 제조된 모든 분리막은 밀집 형상의 표면층과 스폰지 형상의 하부층으로 구성된 이중구조 형태의 비대칭성 구조를 보였다. 첨가된 톨루엔은 제막용액의 열역학적 성질을 변화시켜 열역학적 상분리를 촉진하는 역할을 할 수 있음을 보였으며, 제조된 분리막은 톨루엔을 첨가에 의해 막의 표면층 두께가 증가하는 특성을 보였다. 분리막의 투과 특성을 측정한 결과, 톨루엔이 첨가되었을 때 밀집 표면층의 두께 증가에도 불구하고 거의 동일한 배제율을 유지하면서 투과플럭스는 5배 이상 증대하는 효과를 보였다.

Polysulfone membranes were prepared via the phase inversion process. Toluene was added as a nonsolvent additive in the casting solution containing a mixture of polysulfone and n-methylpyrrolidone. When prepared via the diffusion-induced process using isopropanol as a precipitation nonsolvent, the solidified membranes revealed a similar asymmetric structure irrespective of the addition of toluene, presenting both a dense skin layer and a sponge-like support layer. The added toluene played a role of enhancing liquid-liquid phase separation of the casting solution, and skin layer thickness of a prepared membrane increased with toluene content in the casting solution. On membrane performance, the solute rejection showed a uniform behavior irrespective of the addition of toluene. However, in spite of the significant increase in dense skin layer thickness, the water permeation through the membrane prepared with 60 wt% toluene revealed five times as much flux, compared with that of the membrane prepared without toluene additive.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. E. Royte, A tall, cool drink of sewage?, New York Times, Aug. 8 (2008).
  2. F. W. Altena and C. A. Smolders, Macromolecules. 15, 1491 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00234a008
  3. R. M. Boom, I. M. Wienk, Th. Van den Boomgaard, and C. A. Smolders, J. Membrane Sci., 73, 277 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-7388(92)80135-7
  4. C. Cohen, G. B. Tanny, and S. Prager, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Phys., 17, 477 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.1979.180170312
  5. G. E. Gaids and A. J. McHugh, Polymer, 30, 2118 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(89)90303-0
  6. P. Radovanivic, S. W. Thiel, and S. T. Hwang, J. Membrane Sci., 65, 213 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-7388(92)87024-R
  7. A. J. Reuvers, F. W. Altena, and C. A. Smolders, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Phys., 24, 793 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.1986.090240406
  8. J. G. Wijmans, J. Knat, H. H. V. Mulder, and C. A. Smolders, Polymer, 26, 1539 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(85)90090-4
  9. I. M. Wienk, R. M. Boom, M. A. M. Beerlage, A. M. W. Bulte, C. A. Smolders, and H. Strathmann, J. Membrane Sci., 113, 361 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-7388(95)00256-1
  10. I. Cabasso, E. Klein, and J. K. Smith, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 20, 2377 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1002/app.1976.070200908
  11. S. S. Kim and D. R. Lloyd, Polymer, 33, 1026 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(92)90019-S
  12. M. J. Han, Desalination, 121, 31 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0011-9164(99)00005-3
  13. M. J. Han and D. Bhattacharyya, J. Membrane Sci., 98, 191 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-7388(94)00181-W
  14. C. M. Tam, M. Dal-Cin, and M. D. Guiver, J. Membrane Sci., 78, 123 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-7388(93)85254-T
  15. M. J. Han and S. T. Nam, J. Membrane Sci., 202, 55 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00718-9
  16. B. Chakrabarty, A. K. Ghoshal, and M. K. Purkait, J. Membrane Sci., 315, 36 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2008.02.027
  17. Polymer Handbook, eds. J. Brandrup, H. Immergut, and E. A. Grulke, Wiley, New York, 4th ed. (1999).
  18. CRC Handbook of Solubility Parameters and Other Cohesion Parameters, ed. A. F. M. Barton, CRC Press,: Boca Raton, FL, 4th ed. (1991).
  19. Principles of Polymer Systems, ed. F. Rodriguez, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2nd ed. (1982).
  20. J. A. Riddick, W. B. Bunger, and T. K Sakano, Organic Solvents Physical Properties and Methods of Purification, 4th ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York (1986).
  21. S. T. Nam and M. J. Han, Membrane J., 11, 89 (2001).
  22. R. C. Reid, J. M. Prausnitz, and T. K. Gherwood, The Properties of Gases and Liquids, 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York (1977).