Improvement of Tag Collection Performance for Active RFID Systems

능동형 RFID 시스템을 위한 태그 수집 성능 개선

  • 윤원주 (부산대학교 컴퓨터공학과 컴퓨터구조및시스템 연구실) ;
  • 정상화 (부산대학교 컴퓨터공학과 컴퓨터구조및시스템 연구실) ;
  • 문영식 (부산대학교 컴퓨터공학과 컴퓨터구조및시스템 연구실)
  • Published : 2008.07.30

Abstract

Tag collection is one of the major functions in Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems. IS0/IEC 18000-7 defines the tag collection algorithm using the anti-collision algorithm, based on the framed slotted ALOHA for active RFID systems. However, it has inefficiency problems that reduce tag collection performance by deciding non-optimum slot size or using point-to-point commands to put collected tags to sleep. In this paper, we propose two mechanisms to overcome the inefficiency problems and improve tag collection performance: 1) a new slot size decision mechanism to allow the reader to choose the optimum slot size flexibly and 2) a broadcast-based sleep mechanism to put collected tags to sleep effectively. We also implemented an active RFID system, composed of an active RFID reader and multiple tags, and the reader is designed to maximize tag collection performance when the proposed mechanisms are applied. In experiments, we evaluated the tag collection performance using one reader and 50 tags in the real-world environment. The experimental results show that when two mechanisms are applied and the initial number of slots is chosen appropriately, the performance of the proposed tag collection algorithm is greatly enhanced, compared with that of the standard.

태그 수집은 RFID 시스템에서 가장 중요한 기능 중 하나이다. 능동형 RFID 시스템 관련 표준인 ISO/IEC 18000-7은 프레임 슬롯 알로하 기반 충돌방지 알고리즘을 이용하여 태그 수집 알고리즘을 정의하는데, 이 표준에는 최적의 슬롯 크기를 결정하지 못하거나 수집된 태그들을 재우기 위해서 일대일 명령어를 사용함으로써 태그수집 성능을 저하시키는 비효율성 문제가 있다. 본 논문에서는 그러한 비효율성 문제를 극복하고 태그 수집 성능을 향상시키기 위해 1) 리더가 최적의 슬롯 크기를 유연하게 결정할 수 있도록 하는 새로운 슬롯 크기 결정 기법과 2) 수집된 태그들을 효율적으로 재우기 위한 브로드캐스트 기반 슬립 기법을 제안한다. 또한, 리더와 다중 태그로 구성된 능동형 RFID 시스템을 구현하였으며, 리더는 제안된 기법이 적용되었을 때 태그 수집 성능을 최대화할 수 있도록 설계하였다. 실험에서는 하나의 리더와 50개의 태그를 사용하여 실제 환경에서의 태그 수집 성능을 평가하였다. 실험 결과는 제안된 두 기법들이 적용되고 초기 슬롯 개수가 적절히 선택되었을 때, 표준의 태그수집 알고리즘에 비해 태그 수집 성능이 크게 향상됨을 보여준다.

Keywords

References

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