Efficient Pipeline Architecture of CABAC in H.264/AVC

H.264/AVC의 효율적인 파이프라인 구조를 적용한 CABAC 하드웨어 설계

  • Choi, Jin-Ha (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University) ;
  • Oh, Myung-Seok (LG Electronics) ;
  • Kim, Jae-Seok (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University)
  • Published : 2008.07.25

Abstract

In this paper, we propose an efficient hardware architecture and algorithm to increase an encoding process rate and implement a hardware for CABAC (Context Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding) which is used with one of the entropy coding ways for the latest video compression technique, H.264/AVC (Advanced Video Coding). CABAC typically provides a better high compression performance maximum 15% compared with CAVLC. However, the complexity of operation of CABAC is significantly higher than the CAVLC. Because of complicated data dependency during the encoding process, the complexity of operation is higher. Therefore, various architectures were proposed to reduce an amount of operation. However, they have still latency on account of complicated data dependency. The proposed architecture has two techniques to implement efficient pipeline architecture. The one is quick calculation of 7, 8th bits used to calculate a probability is the first step in Binary arithmetic coding. The other is one step reduced pipeline arcbitecture when the type of the encoded symbols is MPS. By adopting these two techniques, the required processing time was reduced about 27-29% compared with previous architectures. It is designed in a hardware description language and total logic gate count is 19K using 0.18um standard cell library.

본 논문에서는 최신 동영상 압축 기술인 H.264/AVC (Advanced Video Coding)에서 엔트로피 코딩 방법 중 하나로 사용되는 CABAC (Context Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding)의 하드웨어 구현과 부호화 처리율을 높이기 위한 알고리즘 및 구조를 제안한다. CABAC는 CAVLC에 비해 쳐대 15%까지 더 나은 압축효율을 낼 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있지만 연산의 복잡도는 훨씬 높아진다. 특히 부호화 과정 중 데이터 사이의 의존도가 높기 때문에 연산과정의 복잡도가 더욱 증가하게 된다. 따라서 연산양을 줄이기 위한 다양한 구조가 제안되었으나, 여전히 데이터의 의존도에 의한 부호화에 latency가 존재하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 이진 산술 부호화의 첫 단계인 확률 값을 계산하는데 필요한 range의 7, 8번째 비트를 빠르게 계산하는 구조와 부호화할 심벌이 MPS인 경우 부호화 단계를 한 단계 줄일 수 있는 구조를 제안하였다. 제안된 구조를 적용하여, 6가지 시퀀스에 대하여 실험한 결과 기존의 구조에 비해 약 27-29%의 수행시간을 줄일 수 있었다. 또한 제안된 구조를 하드웨어로 구현한 결과 0.18um standard library에서 19K gate를 사용하였다.

Keywords

References

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