References
- Hong, J. S., S. H. Park, C. Y. Choi, J. K. Sohng, and Y. J. Yoon. 2004. New olyvosyl derivatives of methymycin/ pikromycin from an engineered strain of Streptomyces venezuelae. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 238: 392-399
- Hong, J. S., W. S. Jung, S. K. Lee, W. S. Koh, H. S. Park, S. J. Park, Y. S. Kim, and Y. J. Yoon. 2005. The role of a second protein (DesVIII) in glycosylation for the biosynthesis of hybrid macrolide antibiotics in Streptomyces venezuelae. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 15: 640-645
- Huang, F., S. F. Haydock, T. Mironenko, D. Spiteller, Y. Li, and J. B. Spencer. 2005. The neomycin biosynthetic gene cluster of Streptomyces fradiae NCIMB 8233: Characterization of an aminotransferase involved in the formation of 2- deoxystreptamine. Org. Biomol. Chem. 3: 1410-1419 https://doi.org/10.1039/b501199j
- Kharel, M. K., B. Subba, D. B. Basnet, J. S. Woo, H. C. Lee, K. Liou, and J. K. Sohng. 2004. A gene cluster for biosynthesis of kanamycin from Streptomyces kanamyceticus: Comparison with gentamicin biosynthetic gene cluster. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 429: 204-214 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2004.06.009
- Kieser, T., M. J. Bibb, M. J. Buttner, K. F. Chater, and D. A. Hopwood. 2000. Practical Streptomyces Genetics. John Innes Foundation, Norwich, U.K
- Kudo, F., Y. Hosomi, H. Tamegai, and K. Kakinuma. 1999. Purification and characterization of 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose synthase derived from Bacillus circulans: A crucial carbocyclization enzyme in the biosynthesis of 2-deoxystreptamine-containing aminoglycoside antibiotics. J. Antibiot. 52: 81-88 https://doi.org/10.7164/antibiotics.52.81
- Kudo, F., M. Numakura, H. Tamegai, H. Yamamoto, T. Eguchi, and K. Kakinuma. 2005. Extended sequence and functional analysis of the butirosin biosynthetic gene cluster in Bacillus circulans SANK 72073. J. Antibiot. 58: 373-379 https://doi.org/10.1038/ja.2005.47
- Kudo, F., Y. Yamamoto, K. Yokoyama, T. Eguchi, and K. Kakinuma. 2005. Biosynthesis of 2-deoxystreptamine by three crucial enzymes in Streptomyces fradiae NBRC 12773. J. Antibiot. 58: 766-774 https://doi.org/10.1038/ja.2005.104
- Kwon, Y. J. 2006. Studies on the binding affinity of aminoglycoside antibiotics to the HIV-1 Rev responsive element for designing potential antiviral agents. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 16: 109-117
- Lee, S.-K., J.-W. Park, S.-R. Park, J.-S. Ahn, C.-Y. Choi, and Y. J. Yoon. 2006. Hydroxylation of indole by PikC cytochrome P450 from Streptomyces venezuelae and engineering its catalytic activity by site-directed mutagenesis. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 16: 974-978
- Litovchick, A., A. Lapidot, M. Eisenstein, A. Kalinkovich, and G. Borkow. 2001. Neomycin B-arginine conjugate, a novel HIV- 1 Tat antagonist: Synthesis and anti-HIV activities. Biochemistry 40: 15612-15623 https://doi.org/10.1021/bi0108655
- Liu, X., J. R. Thomas, and P. J. Hergenrother. 2004. Deoxystreptamine dimers bind to RNA hairpin loops. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126: 9196-9197 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja048936l
- Li, Y., N. M. Llewellyn, R. Giri, F. Huang, and J. B. Spencer. 2005. Biosynthesis of the unique amino acid side chain of butirosin: Possible protective-group chemistry in an acyl carrier protein-mediated pathway. Chem. Biol. 12: 665-675 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chembiol.2005.04.010
- Llewellyn, N. M. and J. B. Spencer. 2006. Biosynthesis of 2-deoxystreptamine-containing aminoglycoside antibiotics. Nat. Prod. Rep. 23: 864-874 https://doi.org/10.1039/b604709m
- Park, N.-S., H.-J. Park, K. Han, and E.-S. Kim. 2006. Heterologous expression of novel cytochrome P450 hydroxylase genes from Sebekia benihana. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 16: 295-298
- Patricia, M. F. and T. Mahmud. 2006. Biosynthesis of aminocyclitol-aminoglycoside antibiotics and related compounds. Nat. Prod. Rep. 24: 358-392 https://doi.org/10.1039/b603816f
-
Rinehart, K. L., J. M. Malik, R. S. Nystrom, R. M. Stroshane, S. T. Truitt, M. Taniguchi, J. P. Rolls, W. J. Haak, and B. A. Ruff. 1974. Carbon-13 as a biosynthetic tool. IV. Biosynthetic incorporation of glucosamine-1-
$^{13}C$ and glucose-6-$^{13}C$ into neomycin. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 96: 2263-2265 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00814a053 - Sambrook, J. and D. W. Russell. 2001. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 3rd Ed. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
-
Seo, M.-J., E.-M. Im, D. Singh, A. Rajkarnikar, H.-J. Kwon, C.-G. Hyun, J.-W. Suh, Y.-R. Pyun, and S.-O. Kim. 2006. Characterization of D-glucose
$\alpha$ -1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (VldB) and glucokinase (VldC) involved in validamycin biosynthesis of Streptomyces hygroscopicus var. limoneus KCCM 11405. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 16: 1311-1315 - Stead, D. A. and R. M. E. Richards. 1997. Sensitive highperformance liquid chromatography assay for aminoglycosides in biological matrices enables the direct estimation of bacterial drug uptake. J. Chromatogr. B 693: 415-421 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4347(97)00032-7
- Sthapit, B., T.-J. Oh, R. Lamichhane, K. Liou, H. C. Lee, C. G. Kim, and J. K. Sohng. 2004. Neocarzinostatin naphthoate synthase: An unique iterative type I PKS from neocarzinostatin producer Streptomyces carzinostaticus. FEBS Lett. 556: 201-206
- Subba, B., M. K. Kharel, H. C. Lee, K. Liou, B. G. Kim, and J. K. Sohng. 2005. The ribostamycin biosynthetic gene cluster in Streptomyces ribosidificus: Comparison with butirosin biosynthesis. Mol. Cells 20: 90-96
- Sztaricskai, F. 2001. The fight against bacteria: The antibiotics policy. Acta Pharm. Hung. 71: 89-98
- Tok, J. B., L. J. Dunn, and R. C. Des Jean. 2001. Binding of dimeric aminoglycosides to the HIV-1 rev responsive element (RRE) RNA construct. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 11: 1127-1131 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-894X(01)00149-4
- Woo, P. W. K., H. W. Dion, and Q. R. Bartz. 1971. Butirosins A and B, aminoglycoside antibiotics. III. Structures. Tetrahedron Lett. 12: 2625-2628 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(01)96935-7
- Xue, Y., L. Zhao, H. W. Liu, and D. H. Sherman. 1998. A gene cluster for macrolide antibiotic biosynthesis in Streptomyces venezuelae: Architecture of metabolic diversity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95: 12111-12116
- Zhao, X. Q., K. R. Kim, L. W. Sang, S. H. Kang, Y. Y. Yang, and J. W. Suh. 2005. Genetic organization of a 50-kb gene cluster isolated from Streptomyces kanamyceticus for kanamycin biosynthesis and characterization of kanamycin acetyltransferase. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 15: 346-353