생명과학회지 (Journal of Life Science)

  • 제18권4호
  • /
  • Pages.515-521
  • /
  • 2008
  • /
  • 1225-9918(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2287-3406(eISSN)
한국생명과학회 (Korean Society of Life Science)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

비이온성 및 양쪽 이온성 계면활성제 첨가가 반추위 혼합 미생물의 성장과 볏짚의 in vitro 소화에 미치는 영향

Effects of Non-ionic or Zwitterionic Surfactant on in vitro Digestibility of Rice Straw and Growth of Rumen Mixed Microorganisms.

  • Lee, Shin-Ja (Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kim, Wan-Young (Department of Animal Science, Korea National Agricultural College) ;
  • Moon, Yea-Hwang (Department of Animal Science & Biotechnology, Jinju National University) ;
  • Kim, Hyeon-Shup (National Livestock Research Institute, R.D.A.) ;
  • Kim, Kyoung-Hoon (Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Ha, Jong-Kyu (School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University) ;
  • Lee, Sung-Sill (Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 발행 : 2008.04.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

본 연구는 반추위 미생물 발효에 있어서 계면활성제의 이온성 여부가 발효시간별 in vitro 건물소화율, 미생물 성장량, pH 변화, Cas 발생량 및 SEM에 의한 미생물 부착 양상을 조사하기 위해 수행되었다. 1 mm 입자도의 볏짚을 기질로 하여 Holstein 젖소 위액을 이용한 Dehority's artificial medium에 대조구를 비롯하여 비이온성 계면활성제(NIS)로서 시판되고 있는 Tween 80과 SOLFA-850 2종류, 그리고 양쪽(+/-) 이온성 계면활성제(ZIS)로서 3-(Dodecyldimethylammonio) propanesulfanate (DDAP) 1 종류를 이용하여 각각 0.05% 및 0.1% 수준으로 첨가함으로써 총 7처리를 두었다. 발효시간은 6, 12, 24, 48 및 72시간으로 설정하여 각 처리 당 3반복으로 시험을 수행하였다. In vitro 건물 소화율은 NIS인 Tween 80 첨가구에서 48시간 및 72시간 발효 시, 타 처리구에 비해 유의적(P<0.05)으로 높았으나, ZIS인 DDAP 첨가구는 발효 24시간이후 부터 대조구보다도 건물소화율이 낮게 나타났다(P< 0.05). 가스 발생량은 NIS 두 처리구 모두, 대조구나 ZIS 처리구보다 유의적(P<0.05)으로 많았으며, 발효시간의 경과함에 따라 증가하였다. 미생물 성장량은 NIS인 Tween 80 첨가구에서 가장 많았고, 다음으로 SOLFA 850 첨가구 순이었으며, ZIS인 DDAP 첨가구는 대조구보다도 적었다(P<0.05). 전자현미경으로 관찰한 미생물 부착 양상에서 NIS 첨가구는 무처리구에 비해 미생물 군집이 현저히 많았으나 ZIS첨가구는 오히려 적은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 양쪽(+/-) 이온성 계면활성제는 반추위 발효 작용과 미생물 성장에 긍정적인 효과가 없는 것으로 사료된다.

This experiment was conducted to investigate effects of non-ionic or zwitterionic (+/-) surfactants on digestibility of rice straw, and changes of growth of rumen mixed microbes, pH, and gas production during in vitro fermentation. Also, during in vitro ruminal fermentation, microbial attachment on rice straw was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Tween 80 or SOLFA-850 for non-ionic surfactant (NIS), and 3-(Dodecyldimethylammonio) propanesulfanate (DDAP) for zwitterionic surfactant (ZIS) was supplemented by 0.05% and 0.1% in Dehority's artificial medium containing Holtein rumen fluid, respectively, and the substrate for fermentation was rice straw passed through 1 mm screen. The experiment was composed of 7 treatments (two levels of two NISs, two levels of a ZIS) including the control, and 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hr of fermentation time with 3 replications per treatment. Treatment of Tween 80 increased in vitro DM digestibilities during 48 hr and 72 h post fermentations compared to the other treatments, whereas treatment of DDAP as a ZIS resulted in decreased DM digestibility than that of the control from 24 hr post fermentation (P<0.05). Gas production in vitro was greater (P<0.05) with addition of NIS than the control or ZIS, and increased as fermentation time elapsed. Rumen mixed microbial growth was greatest with addition of Tween 80 as NIS, and lowest when DDAP as ZIS was supplemented to the fermentation tube (P<0.05). In SEM observation, rumen microbial population attached on rice straw particle was greater with addition of NIS, but was less with addition ZIS compared with the control. In conclusion we could not found any positive effects of ZIS surfactants on rumunal fermentation characteristics and rumen microbial growth rates.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. A.O.A.C. 1995. Official methods of analysis 16th edition. Association of official analytical chemists, Washington, D.C.
  2. Busquet, M., S. Calsamiglia, A. Ferret and C. Kamel, 2006. Plant extracts affect in vitro rumen microbial fermentation. J. Dairy Sci. 89, 761-771 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72137-3
  3. De Oude, N. T. 1992. The handbook of environmental chemistry. Vol. 3, part F: anthropogenic compounds. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, FRG
  4. Dehority, B. A. and H. W. Scott. 1967. Extent of cellulose and hemicellulose digestion in various forage by pure cultures of rumen bacteria. J. Dairy Sci. 50, 1136-1141 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(67)87579-9
  5. Deshpande, M. V., M. C. Srinavasan and S. S. Deshmakh. 1987. Effects of fatty acids on cellylase production by Penicillium funiculosum and its mutants. Biotechnol. Lett. 9, 301-304 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01025792
  6. Duncan, D. B. 1955. Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics. 11, 1-42 https://doi.org/10.2307/3001478
  7. Ferorak, P. M. and S. E. Hrwdey. 1983. A simple apparatus for measuring gas production by methanogenic cultures in serum bottles. Environ. Technol. Lett. 4, 425-432 https://doi.org/10.1080/09593338309384228
  8. Goto, M., H. D. Bae, M. S. Yahaya, S. Karita, K. Wangjae, K. Sugawara and K. J. Cheng. 2003. Effect of surfactants Tween 80 on enzymatic accessibility and degradation of orchardgrass (Dactylis gromerata L.) at different growth stages, Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 16, 83-87 https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2003.83
  9. Goto, M., H. D. Bea, S. S. Lee, M. S. Yahaya, S. Karita, K. Wangjae and K. J. Cheng. 2003. Effect of surfactants Tween 80on forage degradability and microbial growth on the in vitro rumen mixed and pure cultures. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 16, 672-676 https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2003.672
  10. Ho, Y. W., N. Abdullah and S. Jalaludin. 1988. Penetrating structures of anaerobic rumen fungi in cattle and swamp buffalo. J. Gen. Micobial. 134 177-181
  11. Hulme, M. A. and D. W. Stranks, 1970. Induction and the regulation of production of cellulase by fungi. Nature London 226, 469-470 https://doi.org/10.1038/226469a0
  12. Hung, B. R., L. Lara, M. A. Patron, N. N. Ugarova, W. Bechestedt and S. Clappes, 1988. Tween 80 and proteose peptone effect on cellulase production. Acta. Biotechnol. 8, 461-464 https://doi.org/10.1002/abio.370080515
  13. Kamande, G. M., J. Baah, J. K. Cheng, T. A. McAllister and J. A. Sheford. 2000. Effects of Tween 60 and Tween 80 on protease activity, thiol group reactivity, protein absorption, and cellulose degradation by rumen microbial enzymes. J. Dairy Sci. 83, 536-542 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(00)74913-7
  14. Lang, S. and F. Wagner. 1993. Biological activities of biosurfactants. Kosaric Biosurfactants, Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York, USA
  15. Lee, S. S. and J. K. Ha. 2003. Influences of surfactants Tween 80 on the gas production, cellulose digestion activities by mixed rumen microorganisms. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 16, 1151-1157 https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2003.1151
  16. Lee, S. S., B. H. Ahn, H. S. Kim, C. H. Kim, K. J. Cheng and J. K. Ha. 2003. Effects of non-ionic surfactants on enzyme distributions of rumen contents, anaerobic growth of rumen microbes, rumen fermentation characteristics and performances of lactating cows. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 16, 104-115 https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2003.104
  17. Lee, S. S., H. S. Kim, Y. H. Moon, N. J. Choi and J. K. Ha. 2004. The effects of a non-ionic surfactants on the fermentation characteristics, microbial growth, enzyme activity and digestibility in the rumen of cows. Anim. Feed Sci. and Technol. 115, 37-50 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2004.03.001
  18. Lee, S. S., J. K. Ha, H. S. Kang and K. J. Cheng. 1997. Industrial application of anaerobic rumen fungi: A review. Korean J. Dairy Sci. 19, 249-276
  19. Lee, S. S., K. J. Shin, W. Y. Kim, J. K. Ha and I. K. Han. 1999. The rumen ecosystems: As a fountain source of novel enzymes -Review article. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 12, 988-1001 https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.1999.988
  20. Long, K. and J. S. Knapp. 1991. The effect of Junlon PW110 and Tween 80 on the production of cellulolytic enzymes by Coprinus cinereus. Mycol. Res. 95, 1077-1081 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80550-9
  21. Moore, J. E. 1970. Procedures for the two-stage in vitro digestion of forages. pp 5001-5003, In Harris, L. E. (ed.), Nutrition research techniques for domestic and wild animals, Vol. 1. Utah State Univ., Logan, UT
  22. Munn, E. A., G. P. Hazlewood and M. Graham. 1983. Uptake and incorporation of the products of proteolysis by the rumen bacterium bacteroides ruminicola R8/4. Curr. Microbiol. 8, 317-320 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01573701
  23. Reese, E. T. and A. Maguire. 1969. Surfactants as stimulants of enzyme production by microorganisms. Applied Microbiol. 17, 242-245
  24. SAS. 1999. SAS/STAT software for PC. Release 8.01. SAS institute Inc., Cary, N.C., U.S.A
  25. Yang, C. M. and J. B. Russell. 1993. The effect of monen supplementation on ruminal ammonia accumulation in vitro and the numbers of amino acid-fermenting bacteria. J. Anim. Sci. 71, 3470-3476 https://doi.org/10.2527/1993.71123470x
  26. Yazdi, M. T., J. R. Woodward and A. Radford. 1990. The cellulase complex of Neurospora crassa: activity, stability and release. J. Gen. Microbiol. 136, 1313-1319 https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-136-7-1313