Journal of Embryo Transfer (한국수정란이식학회지)

The Korean Society of Embryo Transfer (한국수정란이식학회)
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Time of Initial Detection of the Gestational Structures by Ultrasonography Examination in Small Pet Dogs

소형 애완견에서 초음파 검사에 의한 임신 구조물의 최초 관찰 시기

  • Park, Sang-Guk (Jeollanamdo Livestock and Veterinary Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Bang-Sil (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Yun, Chang-Jin (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Yeo, Woon-Chang (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Park, Chul-Ho (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Jae-Pung (Jeollanamdo Livestock and Veterinary Research Institute) ;
  • Lee, Suk-Kyung (Jeollanamdo Livestock and Veterinary Research Institute) ;
  • Moon, Jin-San (National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service) ;
  • Suh, Guk-Hyun (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Oh, Ki-Seok (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Son, Chang-ho (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University)
  • Published : 2008.03.31
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Abstract

Serial ultrasonographic examinations were daily performed from 15 days after ovulation until parturition to determine the time of first detection and ultrasonographic appearance of the fetal and extra-fetal structures in pregnant 10 Maltese, 10 Yorkshire Terrier, 15 Shih-tzu, and 10 Miniature Schnauzer bitches, respectively. Gestational age was timed from the day of ovulation (day 0), which was estimated to occur when plasma progesterone concentration was first increased above 4.0ng/ml. The gestational length was $63.4{\sim}63.6$ (range: $61{\sim}65$) days and the geatational length was no statistically significant difference among bitches (p>0.05). The initial detection of the extra-fetal structures were; gestational sac at days $18.9{\sim}19.5\;(17{\sim}22)$, zonary placenta at days $24.6{\sim}25.5\;(23{\sim}28)$, yolk sac membrane at days $24.6{\sim}25.5\;(23{\sim}27)$, yolk sac tubular shape at days $26.1{\sim}26.3\;(24{\sim}28)$, and amniotic membrane at days $26.1{\sim}28.2\;(24{\sim}31)$, respectively. The time of the first detection of the extra-fetal structures were no statistically significant difference among bitches (p>0.05). The initial detection of the fetal structures were; embryo initial detection at days $22.5{\sim}22.9\;(21{\sim}24)$, heartbeat at days $23.2{\sim}23.8\;(21{\sim}25)$, embryo bipolar shape $27.6{\sim}28.9\;(26{\sim}30)$, fetal movement at days $31.9{\sim}32.8\;(27{\sim}34)$, limb buds at days $29.1{\sim}30.7\;(27{\sim}33)$, stomach at days $31.1{\sim}33.1\;(29{\sim}34)$, urinary bladder at days $32.4{\sim}33.2\;(29{\sim}35)$, skeleton at days $34.7{\sim}35.9\;(34{\sim}39)$, and kidney at days $42.1{\sim}44.7\;(41{\sim}48)$, respectively. The the time of the first detection of the fetal structures were no statistically significant difference among bitches (p>0.05). These results indicate the evaluation of the time of first detection and ultrasonographic characteristics of the gestational structures might be useful for pregnancy diagnosis, estimating fetal age, embryonic resorption, fetal monster, abnormal fetal growth and fetal viability, respectively.

Keywords

References

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