Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons (대한악안면성형재건외과학회)
권호 표지

A STUDY ON THE OSTEOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION OF ADIPOSE-DERIVED ADULT STEM CELL

지방조직 유래 줄기세포의 조골세포로의 분화에 대한 실험적 연구

  • Lee, Eui-Seok (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Korea University) ;
  • Jang, Hyon-Seok (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Korea University) ;
  • Kwon, Jong-Jin (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Korea University) ;
  • Rim, Jae-Suk (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Korea University)
  • 이의석 (고려대학교 구강악안면외과학교실) ;
  • 장현석 (고려대학교 구강악안면외과학교실) ;
  • 권종진 (고려대학교 구강악안면외과학교실) ;
  • 임재석 (고려대학교 구강악안면외과학교실)
  • Published : 2008.03.31
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Abstract

Stem cells have self-renewal capacity, long-term viability, and multiline age potential. Adult bone marrow contains mesenchymal stem cells. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are progenitors of skeletal tissue components and can differentiate into adipocytes, chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and myoblasts in vitro and undergo differentiation in vivo. However, the clinical use of BMSCs has presented problems, including pain, morbidity, and low cell number upon harvest. Recent studies have identified a putative stem cell population within the adipose tissue. Human adipose tissue contains pluripotent stem cells simillar to bone marrow-derived stem cells that can differentiate toward the osteogenic, adipogenic, myogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. Human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ATSCs) could be proposed as an alternative source of adult bone marrow stem cells, and could be obtained in large quantities, under local anesthesia, with minimal discomfort. Human adipose tissue obtained by liposuction was processed to obtain ATSCs. In this study, we compared the osteogenic differentiation of ATSCs in a specific osteogenic induction medium with that in a non-osteogenic medium. ATSCs were incubated in an osteogenic medium for 28 days to induce osteogenesis respectively. Osteogenic differentiation was assessed by von Kossa and alkaline phosphatase staining. Expression of osteocyte specific bone sialoprotein, osteocalcin, collagen type I and alkaline phosphatase, bone morphogenic protein 2, bone morphogenic protein 6 was confirmed by RT-PCR. ATSCs incubated in the osteogenic medium were stained positively for von Kossa and alkaline phosphatase staining. Expression of osteocyte specific genes was also detected. Since this cell population can be easily identified through fluorescence microscopy, it may be an ideal source of ATSCs for further experiments on stem cell biology and tissue engineering. The present results show that ADSCs have an ability to differentiate into osteoblasts. In the present study, we extend this approach to characterize adipose tissue-derived stem cells.

Keywords

References

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