Comparison of the One-year Follow-up Results after Coronary Bypass Surgery versus Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Drug-eluting Stents in Patients with Left Main Coronary Artery Disease

좌주간지 병변에 대한 약물방출스텐트시술과 관상동맥우회수술의 1년 추적결과 비교

  • Choi, Jin-Ho (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lim, Cheong (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Kay-Hyun (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Chung, Eui-Suk (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Chung, Woo-Young (Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Chae, In-Ho (Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Choi, Dong-Ju (Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine)
  • 최진호 (서울대학교 의과대학 분당서울대학교병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 임청 (서울대학교 의과대학 분당서울대학교병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 박계현 (서울대학교 의과대학 분당서울대학교병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 정의석 (서울대학교 의과대학 분당서울대학교병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 정우영 (서울대학교 의과대학 내과학교실, 분당서울대학교병원 순환기내) ;
  • 채인호 (서울대학교 의과대학 내과학교실, 분당서울대학교병원 순환기내) ;
  • 최동주 (서울대학교 의과대학 내과학교실, 분당서울대학교병원 순환기내)
  • Published : 2008.04.05

Abstract

Background: Drug-eluting stents are contributing to the exponential growth of percutaneous coronary intervention, and even in the patients with left main coronary artery disease, owing to the decreased restenosis rate. Our study aimed at comparing the one-year results after coronary artery bypass grafting versus percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents in patients with left main coronary artery disease. Material and Method: Those patients who underwent coronary bypass surgery or stenting at our hospital under the diagnosis of left main coronary artery disease were divided in two groups. The variables for comparison were the preoperative disease severity, the length of the hospital stay, the early mortality and the cumulative incidence of mortality, myocardial infarction and repeated revascularization. Result: There were 101 cases in the surgery group and 78 cases in the stent group. Age, gender, the risk factors, the left ventricular ejection fraction and the proportion of acute coronary syndrome showed no significant differences between the two groups. The surgery group showed a more severe condition according to the Euroscore, a greater incidence of urgency, a longer hospital stay and a greater incidence of multi-vessel disease. The early mortality and one-year cumulative mortality were not different between the groups. The Euroscore-matched comparison for the surgery group (41 patients) and the stent group (78 patients) showed no significant differences in the Euroscore, age, gender, risk factors and the proportion of acute coronary syndrome. The surgery group in the Euroscore-matched comparison showed more multi-vessel disease and a longer hospital stay. The surgery group showed lower early mortality and lower one-year cumulative mortality, but this was statistically insignificant (0% vs 2.6%, respectively, p=0.55; 0% vs 6.6%, respectively, p=0.30). The rates of repeated revascularization and major adverse events (death or myocardial infarct) were lower in the CABG group, but this was not statistically significant (13.3% vs 6.3%, respectively, p=0.48; 10.0% vs 0%, respectively, p=0.09). Conclusion: Percutaneous coronary intervention using drug-eluting stents in low-risk patients with left main coronary artery disease resulted in a shortened length of the hospital stay, as compared with that of the CABG group of patients. However, the patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention using drug-eluting stents showed a tendency for an increased rate of repeated revascularization and higher one-year cumulative mortality. Further studies with large populations and longer follow-up will be necessary to reaffirm our findings.

배경: 약물방출스텐트에 의한 재협착감소효과와 병행약물치료의 발달은 좌주간지병변에 대한 스텐트 시술의 증가를 가져오고 있다. 본 연구는 좌주간지병변에 대한 관상동맥우회수술과 약물방출스텐트 시술의 1년 임상성적을 비교하였다. 대상 및 방법: 본원에서 좌주간지병변으로 관상동맥우회수술이나 약물방출스텐트 삽입술을 받은 환자를 우회수술군과 스텐트군으로 나누어 이들 군의 수술 전 관상동맥질환 및 중증도, 입원기간, 원내 사망, 1년간 누적 사망 및 심근경색발생, 재관류술 시행비율 등을 비교 조사하였다. 결과: 101명의 관상동맥우회수술을 받은 환자(수술군)와 78명의 스텐트 시술을 받은 환자(스텐트군)가 분석대상이었다. 양군 환자의 연령, 성별, 위험인자, 좌심실 구혈률, 급성관 상동맥증후군의 비율에 있어서 차이가 없었다. 수술 군의 Euroscore가 $26.0{\pm}20.4$로 스텐트 군에 비해 높아 더 위험군이었으며(vs $6.38{\pm}10.31$, p<0.001), 긴급성도 37.6%로 더 많았으며(vs 10.3%, p<0.001) 입원기간도 16.1일로서 더 길었다(vs 7.9일, p=0.001). 좌주간지 이외 다혈관질환을 가지고 있는 경우도 수술군이 많았다(92.1% vs 37.2%, p<0.001). 원내 사망률과 1년 누적사망율에 있어서 차이가 없었다(3.0% vs 2.6%; 5.2% vs 6.6%, p=0.73). Euroscore로 matching한 41명의 수술환자와 78명의 스텐트환자를 선별하여 분석하였을 때 Euroscore (9.1 vs 6.4, p=0.104) 연령, 성별, 위험인자, 급성 관상동맥증후군의 비율의 차이는 없었다. Euroscore matched 분석에서 수술군에서 다혈관질환이 많았으며(87.8% vs 37.2%, p<0.001) 입원기간도 더 길었다(13.3일 vs 7.9일, p=0.02). 원내사망률과 1년 누적사망율은 수술군이 우수한 경향이 있었으나 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다(0% vs 2.6%, p=0.55; 0% vs 6.6%, p=0.30). Euroscore matched 분석에서 1년 재관류술 비율은 스텐트군과 수술군에서 각각 13.3%와 6.3% (p=0.48), 사망 혹은 심근경색증 발생비율은 10.0%와 0% (p=0.09)였다. 결론: 저위험군 환자의 화주간지병변에 대한 약물방출스텐트 시술은 수술에 비해 입원기간 단축의 효과는 있지만, 추적관찰기간동안 재관류술 시행비율과 1년 누적 사망률이 증가하는 경향을 보이고 있으며, 보다 많은 환자를 대상으로 한 장기적 관찰이 필요하다.

Keywords

References

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