DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Reinstatement of Gracilariopsis chorda (Gracilariaceae, Rhodophyta) Based on Plastid rbcL nad Mitochondrial cox1 Sequences

  • Kim, Myung-Sook (Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Pusan National University) ;
  • Yang, Eun-Chan (Department of Biology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Su-Yeon (Department of Biology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Hwang, Il-Kee (Department of Biology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Boo, Sung-Min (Department of Biology, Chungnam National University)
  • Published : 2008.09.30

Abstract

Two different molecular markers, the plastid rbcL and mitochondrial cox1 genes, were used to define the taxonomic position of the northwest Pacific Ocean species currently named Gracilaria chorda. We analyzed both genes (1,222 bp for rbcL and 1,245 bp for cox1) from 18 specimens collected in Korea, Japan, and China. Phylogenetic reconstruction revealed that this organism should be classified in the genus Gracilariopsis, rather than in the Gracilaria. Thus, Gracilariopsis chorda (Holmes) Ohmi is the legitimate name for Gracilaria chorda Holmes. Within the species, the sequences differed by 8 bp (0.7%) in rbcL and 5 bp (0.4%) in cox1. Six haplotypes of cox1 tended to be geographically organized. Gp. chorda is characterized by coarse, elongate terete axes, short filiform branchlets usually at irregular intervals, an abrupt transition in cell size from medulla to cortex, cystocarps without tubular nutritive cells connecting the gonimoblast to the upper pericarp, and relatively large gonimoblast cells of the cystocarp in the specimens collected from Wando in southern Korea.

Keywords

References

  1. Bellorin A.M., Oliveira M.C. and Oliveira E.C. 2002. Phylo geny and systematics of the marine algal family Gracilariaceae (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta) based on SSU rDNA and ITS sequences of Atlantic and Pacific species. J. Phycol. 38:551-563 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1529-8817.2002.t01-1-01152.x
  2. Bird C.J., Rice E.L., Murphy C.A. and Ragan M.A. 1992. Phylogenetic relationships in the Gracilariales (Rhodophyta) as determined by 18S rDNA sequence. Phycologia 31:510-522 https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-31-6-510.1
  3. Bird C.J., Ragan M.A., Critchley A.T., Rice E.L. and Gutell R.R. 1994. Molecular relationships among Gracilariaceae (Rhodophyta):further observations on some undetermined species. Eur. J. Phycol. 29:195-202 https://doi.org/10.1080/09670269400650641
  4. Clement M., Posada D., Crandall K.A. 2000. TCS:a computer program to estimate gene genealogies. Mol. Ecol. 9:1657-1669 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294x.2000.01020.x
  5. Dawson E.Y. 1949. Studies of northeast Pacific Gracilariaceae. Allan Hancock Found. Publ. 7:1-105
  6. Fredericq S. and Hommersand M.H. 1989. Comparative morphology and taxonomic status of Gracilariopsis (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta). J. Phycol. 25:228-241 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.1989.tb00117.x
  7. Fredericq S. and Hommersand M.H. 1990. Diagnoses and key to the genera of the Gracilariaceae (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta). Hydrobiologia 204/205:173-178 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00040230
  8. Freshwater D.W. and Rueness J. 1994. Phylogenetic relationships of some European Gelidium (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) species based upon rbcL sequence analysis. Phycologia 33:187-194 https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-33-3-187.1
  9. Gargiulo G.M., Morabito M., Genovese G. and Masi F. De. 2006. Molecular systematics and phylogenetics of Gracilariacean species from the Mediterranean Sea. J. Appl. Phycol. 18:497-504 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-006-9055-5
  10. Gavio B. and Fredericq S. 2002. Grateloupia turuturu (Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) is the correct name of the non-native species in the Atlantic known as Grateloupia doryphora. Eur. J. Phycol. 37:349-360 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0967026202003839
  11. Geraldino P.J.L., Yang E.C. and Boo S.M. 2006. Morphology and molecular phylogeny of Hypnea flexicaulis (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) from Korea. Algae 21:417-423 https://doi.org/10.4490/ALGAE.2006.21.4.417
  12. Gurgel C.F.D., Liao L.M., Fredericq S. and Hommersand M.H. 2003. Systematics of Gracilariopsis (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta) based on rbcL sequence analyses and morphological evidence. J. Phycol. 39:154-171 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1529-8817.2003.02046.x
  13. Gurgel C.F.D. and Fredericq S. 2004. Systematics of the Gracilariaceae (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta):a critical assessment based on rbcL sequence analyses. J. Phycol. 40:138-159 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3646.2003.02-129.x
  14. Holmes E.M. 1896. New marine algae from Japan. J. Linn. Soc. Lond. Bot. 31:248-260, pls. 7-12 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1896.tb00807.x
  15. Iyer R., Tronchin M., Bolton J.J. and Coyne V.E. 2005. Molecular systematics of the Gracilariaceae (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta) with emphasis on southern Africa. J. Phycol. 41:672-684 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2005.00088.x
  16. Kim M.S., Yang E.C. and Boo S. M. 2006. Taxonomy and phylogeny of flattened species of Gracilaria (Gracilariaceae, Rhodophyta) from Korea based on morphology and protein-coding plastid rbcL and psbA sequences. Phycologia 45:520-528 https://doi.org/10.2216/05-38.1
  17. Lin S.M., Fredericq S. and Hommersand M.H. 2001. Systematics of the Delesseriaceae (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) based on large subunit rDNA and rbcL sequences, including the Phycoryoideae, subfam. nov. J. Phycol. 37:881-899 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1529-8817.2001.01012.x
  18. McNeill J., Barrie F.R., Burdet H.M., Demouline V., Hawksworth D.L., Marhold K., Nicolson D.H., Prado J., Silva P.C., Skog J.E., Wiersema J.H. and Turland N.J. 2006. International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Vienna Code) adopted by the Seventeenth International Botancial Congress Vienna, Austria, July 2005. pp. [i-iv], v-xviii + 1- 568. Liechtenstein:A.R.G. Gantner Verlag
  19. Ohmi H. 1958. The species of Gracilaria and Gracilariopsis from Japan and adjacent waters. Mem. Fac. Fish. Hokkaido Univ. 6:1-66
  20. Papenfuss G.F. 1967. Notes on algal nomenclature. V. Various Chlorophyceae and Rhodophyceae. Phykos 5:95-105
  21. Robba L., Russell S.J., Barker G.L. and Brodie J. 2006 Assessing the use of the mitochondrial cox1 marker for use in DNA barcoding of red algae (Rhodophyta). Am. J. Bot. 93:1101-1108 https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.93.8.1101
  22. Ronquist F. and Huelsenbeck J.P. 2003. MrBayes 3:Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics 19:1572-1574 https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btg180
  23. Rozas J. and Rozas R. 2000. DnaSP version 3:an integrated program for molecular population genetics and molecular evolution analysis. Bioinformatics 15:174-175 https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/15.2.174
  24. Swofford D.L. 2002 PAUP*:phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (*and other methods). Version 4.0b10. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts
  25. Terada R. and Ohno M. 2000. Notes on Gracilaria (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta) from Tosa Bay and adjacent waters I:Gracilaria chorda, Gracilaria gigas and Gracilaria incurvata. Bull. Mar. Sci. Fish. Kochi Univ. 20:81-88
  26. Yamamoto H. 1975. The relationship between Gracilariopsis and Gracilaria from Japan. Bulletin of the Faculty of Fisheries, Hokkaido University 26:217-222
  27. Yamamoto H. 1978. Systematic and anatomical study of the genus Gracilaria in Japan. Mem. Fac. Fish. Hokkaido Univ. 25:97-152
  28. Yang E.C., Kim M.S., Geraldino P.J.L., Sahoo D., Shin J.A. and Boo S.M. 2008. Mitochondrial cox1 and plastid rbcL genes of Gracilaria vermiculophylla (Gracilariaceae, Rhodophyta). J. Appl. Phycol. 20:161-168 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-007-9201-8

Cited by

  1. Grateloupia huanghaiensissp. nov. (Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta), a peculiar new species from China vol.11, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2014.932913
  2. California vol.62, pp.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3120/0024-9637-62.1.73
  3. California vol.60, pp.1, 2013, https://doi.org/10.3120/0024-9637-60.1.57
  4. Genetic and morphological analyses of Gracilaria firma and G. changii (Gracilariaceae, Rhodophyta), the commercially important agarophytes in western Pacific vol.12, pp.7, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0182176
  5. Four new exotic red seaweeds on European shores vol.14, pp.8, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-012-0186-0
  6. Phylogeography ofHydropuntia cornea/Hydropuntia usneoidescomplex (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta) in the Yucatan Peninsula vol.56, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.2216/16-46.1
  7. Taxonomy of Grateloupia (Halymeniales, Rhodophyta) by DNA barcode marker analysis and a description of Pachymeniopsis volvita sp. nov. vol.27, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-014-0432-1
  8. Taxonomic notes on five species of Gracilariaceae from Hainan, China vol.27, pp.3, 2012, https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2012.27.3.175
  9. Grateloupia tenuisWang et Luan sp. nov. (Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta): A New Species from South China Sea Based on Morphological Observation andrbcL Gene Sequences Analysis vol.2013, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/560163
  10. Genetically recognizable but not morphologically: the cryptic nature ofHydropuntia corneaandH. usneoides(Gracilariales, Rhodophyta) in the Yucatan Peninsula vol.54, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.2216/15-009.1
  11. Molecular Grouping of Grateloupia Tissues Collected Along Chinese Coast and Microsatellite Diversity Analysis of G. asiatica vol.17, pp.4, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11802-018-3496-8