Abstract
Information on daily maximum air temperature is important in predicting the status of plants and insects, but the uneven and sparse distribution of weather stations prohibits timely access to the data in regions with complex topography. Since cumulative solar irradiance plays a critical role in determining daily maximum temperature on any sloping surfaces, derivation of a quantitative relationship between cumulative solar irradiance and the resultant daily maximum temperature is a prerequisite to development of such estimation models. Air temperatures at 8 sideslope locations with similar elevation and slope angle but aspect, circumventing a cone-shaped, grass-covered parasitic volcano (c.a., 570 m diameter for the bottom circle and 90m bottom-to-top height), were measured from June to December in 2007. Daily maximum temperatures from each location were compared with the average of 8 locations (assumed to be the temperature measured at a "horizontal reference" position). The temperature deviation at all locations increased with the day of year (or sun elevation) from summer solstice to winter solstice. Averaged over the entire period, the south facing location was warmer by $1^{\circ}C$ in daily maximum temperature than "horizontal reference" and the north facing location was cooler by $0.8^{\circ}C$ than the reference, resulting in the year round average south-north temperature difference of $1.8^{\circ}C$. In November, both south and north facing slopes showed the greatest deviation of $+2.0^{\circ}C$ and $-1.3^{\circ}C$, respectively in daily maximum temperature at monthly scale. On a daily scale, the greatest deviation was +3.8 and $2.7^{\circ}C$ at the south and north slope, respectively. The cumulative solar irradiance (on the slope for 4 hours from 11:00 to 15:00 TST) explained >60% of the variance in daily maximum temperature deviations among 8 locations, suggesting a feasibility of developing an estimation model for daily maximum temperature over complex topography at landscape scales.
초지피복 조건에서 사면의 일사수광량 차이가 일 최고기온에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 2007년 하지부터 동지까지 밑면지름 570m, 높이 90m인 원추형 기생화산 "높은오름"의 측면 경사 8 지점에서 일 최고기온을 측정하였다. 8개 지점 평균값을 기준온도로하여 각 지점의 기온편차를 구해 비교한 결과 기온편차는 하지로부터 동지로 갈수록 커지는 경향이었고, 관측기간 평균은 남향사면에서 $1.0^{\circ}C$, 북향사면에서 $-0.8^{\circ}C$로서 그 차이가 평균 $1.8^{\circ}C$에 달했다. 기온편차의 월별 평균은 11월에 가장 크며 남향사면에서 $2.1^{\circ}C$, 북향사면에서 $-1.3^{\circ}C$였다. 일별 기온편차의 최대값은 남향사면에서 $3.8^{\circ}C$, 북향사면에서 $-2.7^{\circ}C$에 달했는데, 이러한 기온편차 변이는 일사수광량 편차에 근거한 지형특성지수와 높은 상관을 보여 복잡지형의 일 최고기온 추정모형 개발에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
