Archives of Plastic Surgery

Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons (대한성형외과학회)
권호 표지

Development of Computerized Anthropometric Analysis Model in Cleft Lip Nasal Deformity Using 3D Laser Scanned Facial Cast Model

구순구개열의 비구순변형에서 3차원 입체 laser 스캐너를 이용한 계측분석 프로그램의 개발

  • Kim, Suk Wha (Division of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital) ;
  • Park, Jong Lim (Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Jae Chan (Division of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital) ;
  • Baek, Seung Hak (Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University Dental Hospital) ;
  • Son, Woo Gil (UcanB Plastic Surgery)
  • 김석화 (서울대학교 어린이병원 소아성형외과) ;
  • 박종림 (보라매병원 성형외과) ;
  • 김재찬 (서울대학교 어린이병원 소아성형외과) ;
  • 백승학 (서울대학교 치과대학 치과교정과) ;
  • 손우길 (유캔비 성형외과)
  • Received : 2007.04.17
  • Published : 2008.05.10
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop three-dimensional computerized anthropometry(3DCA) and to compare its reliability and accuracy 3DCA with manual anthropometry(MA) for measurement of lips and nasal deformities in unilateral cleft lips and palate(UCLP) patients. Methods: Samples were consisted of six UCLP patients whose facial plaster models were available immediately before and 3 months after the cleft lip surgery. MA of the facial plaster models was carried out using an electronic caliper. In 3DCA, three-dimensional auto-measuring program was used to digitize landmarks and to measure three-dimensional virtual facial models (3DVFM), which was generated with a laser scanner and 3D virtual modeling program. Intraclass correlation coefficients(ICC) were calculated to evaluate reliability and reproducibility of the variables in both methods, and Wilcoxon's signed rank test was done to investigate the difference in values of the same variables of facial models of each patient between two methods. Results: All ICC values were higher than 0.8, so both methods could be considered reliable. Although most variables showed statistical differences between two methods(p<0.05), differences between mean values were very small and could be considered not significant in clinical situation. Conclusion: In clinical situation, 3DCA can be an objective, reliable and accurate tool for evaluation of lips and nasal deformities in the cleft patients.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 서울대학교병원

References

  1. Tobiasen JM, Hiebert JM: Clefting and psychosocial adjustment. Influence of facial aesthetics. Clin Plast Surg 20: 623, 1993
  2. Shaw WC, Dahl E, Asher-McDade C, Brattstrom V, Mars M, McWilliam J, Molsted K, Plint DA, Prahl-Andersen B, Roberts C, et al.: A six-center international study of treatment outcome in patients with clefts of the lip and palate: Part 5. General discussion and conclusions. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 29: 413, 1992 https://doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569(1992)029<0413:ASCISO>2.3.CO;2
  3. Duffy S, Noar JH, Evans RD, Sanders R: Three-dimensional analysis of the child cleft face. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 37: 137, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569(2000)037<0137:TDAOTC>2.3.CO;2
  4. Farkas LG, Cheung G: Facial asymmetry in healthy North American Caucasians. An anthropometrical study. Angle Orthod 51: 70, 1981
  5. Farkas LG, Kolar JC, Munro IR: Geography of the nose: a morphometric study. Aesthetic Plast Surg 10: 191, 1986 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01575292
  6. Fricker JP: Standardized facial photography. Aust Orthod J 7: 168, 1982
  7. Kohout MP, Aljaro LM, Farkas LG, Mulliken JB: Photogrammetric comparison of two methods for synchronous repair of bilateral cleft lip and nasal deformity. Plast Reconstr Surg 102: 1339, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199810000-00004
  8. Ali SA, Mossey P, Gillgrass T: A study model based photographic method for assessment of surgical treatment outcome in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients. Eur J Orthod 28: 366, 2006 https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjl004
  9. Vegter F, Hage JJ: Standardized facial photography of cleft patients: just fit the grid? Cleft Palate Craniofac J 37: 435, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569(2000)037<0435:SFPOCP>2.0.CO;2
  10. Friede H, Lilja J, Johanson B: Lip-nose morphology and symmetry in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients following a two-stage lip closure. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg 14: 55, 1980 https://doi.org/10.3109/02844318009105735
  11. Fisher DM, Lo LJ, Chen YR, Noordhoff MS: Three-dimensional computed tomographic analysis of the primary nasal deformity in 3-month-old infants with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate. Plast Reconstr Surg 103: 1826, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199906000-00003
  12. Foong KW, Sandham A, Ong SH, Wong CW, Wang Y, Kassim A: Surface laser scanning of the cleft palate deformity--validation of the method. Ann Acad Med Singapore 28: 642, 1999
  13. Aldridge K, Boyadjiev SA, Capone GT, DeLeon VB, Richtsmeier JT: Precision and error of three-dimensional phenotypic measures acquired from 3dMD photogrammetric images. Am J Med Genet A 138: 247, 2005
  14. Weinberg SM, Naidoo S, Govier DP, Martin RA, Kane AA, Marazita ML: Anthropometric precision and accuracy of digital three-dimensional photogrammetry: comparing the Genex and 3dMD imaging systems with one another and with direct anthropometry. J Craniofac Surg 17: 477, 2006 https://doi.org/10.1097/00001665-200605000-00015
  15. Baek SH, Son WS: Difference in alveolar molding effect and growth in the cleft segments: 3-dimensional analysis of unilateral cleft lip and palate patients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 102: 160, 2006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2005.09.009