Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics

The Korean Pediatric Society (대한소아청소년과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Speech and language disorders in children

소아에서 말 언어장애

  • Chung, Hee Jung (Department of Pediatrics, National Health Insurance Corporation, Ilsan Hospital)
  • 정희정 (국민건강보험공단 일산병원 소아청소년과)
  • Received : 2008.07.29
  • Accepted : 2008.08.05
  • Published : 2008.09.15
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Developmental language disorder is the most common developmental disability in childhood, occurring in 5-8% of preschool children. Children learn language in early childhood, and later they use language to learn. Children with language disorders are at increased risk for difficulties with reading and written language when they enter school. These problems often persist through adolescence or adulthood. Early intervention may prevent the more serious consequences of later academic problems, including learning disabilities. A child's performance in specific speech and language areas, such as phonological ability, vocabulary comprehension, and grammatical usage, is measured objectively using the most recently standardized, norm-referenced tests for a particular age group. Observation and qualitative analysis of a child's performance supplement objective test results are essential for making a diagnosis and devising a treatment plan. Emphasis on the team approach system in the evaluation of children with speech and language impairments has been increasing. Evidence-based therapeutic interventions with short-term, long-term, and functional outcome goals should be applied, because there are many examples of controversial practices that have not been validated in large, controlled trials. Following treatment intervention, periodic follow-up monitoring by a doctor is also important. In addition, a systematized national health policy for children with speech and language disorders should be provided.

Keywords

References

  1. US Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for speech and language delay in preschool children: recommendation statement. Pediatrics 2006;117:497-501 https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2005-2766
  2. Nelson HD, Nygren P, Walker M, Panoscha R. Screening for speech and language delay in preschool children: systematic evidence review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. Pediatrics 2006;117:e298-319 https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2005-1467
  3. Schum RL. Language screening in the pediatric office setting. Pediatr Clin North Am 2007;54:425-36 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2007.02.010
  4. Lewis BA, Freebairn L. Residual effects of preschool phonology disorders in grade school, adolescence, and adulthood. J Speech Hear Res 1992;35:819-31 https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3504.819
  5. Lewis BA, ODonnell B, Freebairn LA, Taylor HG. Spoken language and written expression-interplay of delays. Am J Speech Lang pathol 1998;7:77-84
  6. Stothard SE, Snowling MJ, Bishop DV, Chipchase BB, Kaplan CA. Language-impaired preschoolers: a follow up into adolescence. J Speech Lang Hear Res 1998;41:407-18 https://doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4102.407
  7. Johnson CJ, Beitchman JH, Young A, Escobar M, Atkinson L, Wilson B, et al. Fourteen-year follow-up of children with and without speech/language impairments: speech/language stability and outcomes. J Speech Lang Hear Res 1999;42:744-60 https://doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4203.744
  8. Law J, Garrett Z, Nye C. Speech and language therapy interventions for children with primary speech and language delay or disorder. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2004, vol 3
  9. Kim SJ, Shin JY. Articulatory and phonological disorders. 1st ed. Seoul: Sigma Press, 2007
  10. Definitions of communication disorders and variations. Ad Hoc Committee on Service Delivery in the Schools. American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. ASHA Suppl 1993;35:40-1
  11. Kim YT, Kim KH, Yoon HR, Kim WS. Sequenced Language Scale for Infants (SELSI) Seoul: Special Education Publication Co, 2003
  12. Ninio A, Snow CE. Pragmatic development. Colorado: Westview Press, 1996
  13. Kim YT. Study of percentage of correct consonant in preschool children using picture consonant test. Speech-Language Disability Research 1996;1:7-33
  14. Paul R, Jennings P. Phonological behavior of toddlers with slow expressive language development. J Speech Hear Res. 1992;35:99-107 https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3501.99
  15. Lee JM. Linguistic theory and language acquisition: Acquisition of topic and subject markers in Korea. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting on Multicultural Approach to the People with Speech-Language and Hearing Disorders; 2000 Sep.; Seoul. Seoul: Korean Academy of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology 2000:76-94
  16. Owens R. Language disorders: A functional approach to assessment and intervention. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1998
  17. Bae SY. Assessment for language and communication dysfunction. Proceedings of the first Childhood Developmental Disabilities Symposium: 2004 May 20: Seoul, Seoul: The Rehabilitation Research Center, Yonsei University, School of Medicine, 2004: 37-58
  18. Eimas PD. Linguistic processing of speech by young infants. In: Schiefelbusch RL, Llyod LL, editors. Language perspectives: acquisition, retardation, and intervention. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1974
  19. Morse PA. The discrimination of speech and non-speech stimuli in early infancy. J Exp child Psychol 1972;14:477-92 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0965(72)90066-5
  20. Kim YT. Diagnosis and Treatment of children with language impairment. 1st ed. Seoul: Hakjisa, 2002
  21. Fenson I, Dale P, Reznick S, Thal D, Bates E, Hartung J, et al. Technical manual for the MacArthur communicative development inventory. San Diego, CA: Singular Publishing Group, 1993
  22. Shin MJ. Communication Disorder. In: Hong KE, editor. Korean textbook of child psychiatry. 1st ed. Seoul: Joongang Munwhasa, 2005:205-19
  23. Rvachew S, Nowak M, Cloutier G. Effect of phonemic perception training on the speech production and phonological awareness skills of children with expressive phonological delay. Am J Speech Lang Pathol 2004;13(3):250-63 https://doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360(2004/026)
  24. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th ed, American Psychiatric Association, Washington DC, 1994
  25. Bishop DVM. Comprehension in developmental language disorders. Dev Med Child Neurol 1979;21:225-38 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.1979.tb01605.x
  26. Plante E. Criteria for SLI: The Stark and Tallal legacy and beyond. J Speech Lang Hear Res 1998;41(4):951-7 https://doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4104.951
  27. Leonard LB. Children with specific language impairment. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 1998
  28. Lai CS, Fisher SE, Hurst JA, Vargha-Khadem F, Monaco AP. A forkhead-domain gene is mutated in a severe speech and language disorder. Nature 2001;413:519-23 https://doi.org/10.1038/35097076
  29. Specific language impairment. Online mendelian inheritance in man. Johns Hopkins Unversity. available at www.ncbi, nim.nih.gov:80/entrez/dispomin.cqi?id=602081
  30. Enard W, Przeworski M, Fisher SE, Lai CS, Wiebe V, Kitano T, et al. Molecular evolution of FOXP2, a gene involved in speech and language. Nature 2002;418:869-72 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01025
  31. SLI Consortium. A genomwide scan identifies two novel loci involved in specific language impairment. Am J Hum Genet 2002;70(2):384-98 https://doi.org/10.1086/338649
  32. Cheuck DK, Wong V. Specific language impairment and child care by a domestic helper: a case-control study in Chinese children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2005;159:714-20 https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.159.8.714
  33. Cheuk DK, Wong V, Leung GM. Multilingual home environment and specific language impairment: a case-control study in Chinese children. Pediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2005;19:30-314 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3016.2005.00668.x
  34. Bishop DV. Pre- and perinatal hazards and family background in children with specific language impairments: a study of twins. Brain Lang 1997;56:1-26 https://doi.org/10.1006/brln.1997.1729
  35. Tomblin JB, Smith E, Zhang X. Epidemiology of specific language impairment: prenatal and perinatal risk factors. J Commun Disord 1997;30:325-43 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9924(97)00015-4
  36. Stanton-Chapman TL, Chapman DA, Bainbridge NL, Scott KG. Identification of early risk factors for language impairment. Res Dev Disabil 2002;23:390-405 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-4222(02)00141-5
  37. Ricks DM. Vocal communication in pre-verbal normal and autistic children. In: OConnor N (Ed.), Language, cognition deficits and retardation. London: Butterworths, 1975
  38. Gillberg C, Steffenburg S. Outcome and prognostic factors in infantile autism and similar conditions: A populationbased study of 46 cases followed through puberty. J Autism Dev Disord 1987;17:273-87 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01495061
  39. Baltaxe C, Simmons J. Disorders of language in childhood psychosis: current concepts and approaches. In: Darby J, editor. Speech evaluation in psychiatry: New York: Grune and Stratton, 1981
  40. Boucher J. Articulation in early childhood autism. J Autism Child Schizophrenia 1976;6:297-302 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01537907
  41. Cunningham M, Cox EO. Committee on Practice and Ambulatory Medicine, and the Section of Otolaryngology, and Bronchoesophagology. Hearing assessment in infants and children: recommendations beyond neonatal screening. Pediatrics 2003;111(2):436-42 https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.111.2.436
  42. Park SH. Tendency of Articulatory and Phonological Production in Children with Bilingual Condition. Proceedings of Annual Meeting of the Korean Academy of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology; 2006 Sep.; Seoul. Seoul: Korean Academy of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, 2006
  43. Kim MO. Children with language impairment: Diagnosis and beyond. Proceedings of the 29th Annual Meeting of Korean Child Neurology Society: 2007 Oct 20; Seoul. Seoul: Korean Child Neurology Society, 2007
  44. Kim YT, Sung TJ, Lee YK. Preschool Receptive-Expressive Language Scale (PRES) Seoul: Seoul Welfare Center for People with Disabilities, 2003
  45. Prelock P. Serving Children with autism spectrum disorders and their families, ASHA, Speech Learning Labs: RTN, Inc., 1999
  46. Almost D, Rosenbaum P. Effectiveness of speech intervention for phonological disorders: a randomized controlled trial. Dev med Child Neurol 1998;40:319-25 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.1998.tb15383.x
  47. American Academy of Children and Adolescent Psychiatry. Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescent with language and learning disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1998;37(10):436S-462S
  48. Whitehurst GJ, Fischel JE. Early developmental language delay: what, if anything, should the clinician do about? J Child Psychol Psychiatry 1994;35:613-48 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1994.tb01210.x
  49. Bishop DVM, Adams C. A retrospective study of the relationship between specific language impairment, phonological disorders, and reading retardation. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 1990;31:1027-50 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1990.tb00844.x
  50. Bishop DVM, Edmunson A. Language-impaired four-yearolds: distinguishing transient from persistent impairment. J Speech Hear Disord 1987;52:156-73 https://doi.org/10.1044/jshd.5202.156
  51. Yorkston KM. Treatment efficacy: dysarthria. J Speech Hear Res 1996;39:S46-57 https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3905.s46

Cited by

  1. The Relationship between KBPR and Working Memory in Children with and without Specific Language Disorder: Phonological Loop and Episodic Buffer vol.26, pp.2, 2008, https://doi.org/10.12963/csd.20770