참고문헌
- Abedl, I, Abellan, E., Lopez-Albors, O., Valdes, P., Nortes, M. J., and Garcia-Alcazar, A.: Abnormalities in the juvenile stage of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) reared at different temperature: type, prevalence and effect on growth. Aquaculture Intl., 12: 523-538, 2004 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-004-0349-9
- Akiyama, T., Murai, T., and Nose, T.: Oral administration of serotonin against spinal deformity of chum salmon fry tryptophan deficiency. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish., 52: 1255-1259, 1986 https://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.52.1255
- Backiel, T., Kokurewicz, B., and Ogorzalek, A.: High incidence of skeletal anomalies in carp, Cyprinus carpio, reared in cages in flowing water. Aquaculture, 43: 369-380, 1984 https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(84)90245-X
- Cahtain, B.: The swim bladder in Dicentrachus labrax and Sparus auratus. I. Morphological aspects of development. Aquaculture, 53: 303-311, 1986 https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(86)90361-3
- Cahtain, B: Abnormal swim bladder development and lordosis in sea bass (Dicentrachus labrax) and sea bream (Sparus auratus). Aquaculture, 119: 371-379, 1994 https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(94)90301-8
- Chatain, B. and Ounasis-Guschemann, N.: Improved rate of initial swim bladder inflation in intensively reared Sparus auratus. Aquaculture, 84: 345-353, 1990 https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(90)90099-9
- Caris, M. G. and Rice, S. D: Abnormal development and growth reduction of pollock Theragra chalcogramma embryo exposed to water-soluble fractions of oil. Fish. Bull., 88: 29-37, 1990
- Divanch, P., Papandroulakis, N., Anastasisadis, P, Koumoundouros, G. and Kentouri, M.: Effect of water currents on the development of skeletal deformities in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) with functional swim bladder during postlarval and nursery phase. Aquaculture, 156: 145-155, 1997 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(97)00072-0
- Frischknecht, R., Wahli, T., and Meier, W.: Comparison of pathological changes due to deficiency of vitamin C, vitamin E and combi-nation of vitamin C and E in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). J. Fish Dis., 17: 31-45, 1994 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1994.tb00343.x
- Harver, J. E., Ashley, L. M. and Smith, R. R.: Ascorbic acid requirement of coho salmon and rainbow trout. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc., 98: 762-771, 1969 https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1969)98[762:AAROCS]2.0.CO;2
- Kihara, M., Ogata, S., Kawano, N., Kubota, I., and Yamaguchi, R.: Lordosis induction in juvenile red sea bream Pargus major, by high swimming activity. Aquaculture, 212: 149-158, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(01)00871-7
- Kitajima, C., Tsukashima, Y., Fujita S., Watanabe, T. and Yone, Y. : Relationship between uninflated swim bladders and lordotic deformity in hatchery-reared red sea bream Pargus major. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish., 47: 1289-1294, 1981 https://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.47.1289
- Kitamura, S., Ohara, S., Suwa, T. and Nakagawa, T.: Studies on vitamin requirements of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri-1. On the ascorbic acid. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish., 31: 818-826, 1965 https://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.31.818
- Lim, C. and Lovell, R. T.: Pathology of the vitamin C deficiency syndrome in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). J. Nutri., 108: 1137-1146, 1978 https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/108.7.1137
- MacCconnell, E. and Barrows, F. T.: Pathological changes associated with vitamin C deficiency in walleyes. J. Aquat. Anim. Health. 5: 287-293, 1993 https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8667(1993)005<0287:PCAWVC>2.3.CO;2
- Nacario, J. F.: The effect of thyroxine on the larvae and fry of Sarotherondon niloticus (Tilapia nilotica). Aquaculture. 34: 73-83, 1983 https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(83)90292-2
- Ransom, D. R., Nannam, C. N., Rohovec, J. S. and Flyer, J. L.: Comparison of histopathology caused Vibrio anguillraum and Vibrio ordalii in the species of Pacific salmon. J. Fish Dis., 7: 107-115, 1984 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1984.tb00913.x
- Sakaguchi, S., Hara, T., Matsusata, T., Shibara, T., Yamguchi, Y., Kawai, H., and Maeno, Y.: Scoliosis of cultured yellowtail caused by parasitic Myxobolus buri. Bull. Natl. Inst. Aquacult., 12: 79-86, 1987
- Sato, M., Kondo, T., Yoshinaka, R., and Ikeda, S.: Effect of water temperature on the skeletal deformity in ascorbic acid-deficient rainbow trout. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish., 49: 443-446, 1983 https://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.49.443
- Takashima, F.: Vertebral malformation in hatchery-reared red sea bream, Chrysophrys major. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish., 44: 435-443, 1978 https://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.44.435
- Weis, P. and Weis, J. S.: Abnormal locomotion associated with skeletal malformation. Environ. Res., 12: 196-200, 1989 https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-9351(76)90024-4
- Weppe, M. and Bonami, J. R.: Non inflation of the swim bladder in hatchery reared sea bass and sea bream: a significant problem in marine aquaculture. Bull. Eur. Assoc. Fish Pathol., 3: 59-60, 1983
- Wiegand, M. D., Hataley, J. M., Kitchen, C., and Buchanan, I.: Induction of developmental abnormalities in larval goldfish (Carassius auratus) under cool incubation condition. J. Fish Biol., 35: 85-95, 1989 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1989.tb03395.x
- Yamashita, K.: Functional studies for the culture of Chrysophrys major. IV. On disease of larval and young fish (2). Abnormal expansion of the swim bladder. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. .Fish., 32: 1006-1014, 1966 https://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.32.1006
- Yukio, M., Sorimachi, M., Ogawa, K. and Egusa, S.: Myxobolus spinacurvatura sp. n. (Myxosporea: Bivalvulida) parasitic in deformed mullet, Mugil cephalus. Fish Pathol., 25: 37-41, 1990 https://doi.org/10.3147/jsfp.25.37
- 박성우, 강국희: 인공종묘 생산 황복 (Takifugu obscurus) 치어의 척추변형에 관하여. 한국어병학회지, 20: 129-137, 2007