Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics

The Korean Pediatric Society (대한소아청소년과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The relationships among perception of physique, self-esteem, sociality, and behavioral characteristics in children

소아의 체격에 대한 인식, 자아존중감, 사회성 및 행동특성간의 관계

  • Jung, Min-Ja (Department of Pediatrics, East-West Neo Medical Center, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Yoon, Kyung-Lim (Department of Pediatrics, East-West Neo Medical Center, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Shim, Kye-Shik (Department of Pediatrics, East-West Neo Medical Center, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University)
  • 정민자 (경희대학교 의과대학 동서신의학병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 윤경림 (경희대학교 의과대학 동서신의학병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 심계식 (경희대학교 의과대학 동서신의학병원 소아청소년과)
  • Received : 2008.07.29
  • Accepted : 2008.09.05
  • Published : 2008.10.15
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose : This study was to examine the relations of perception of physique with self-esteem, sociality and problematic behaviors in children. Methods: Four hundred sixty five (231 boys and 234 girls) children were divided into three groups according to their height or body mass index according to the physical growth standard table had been presented in 2007 by the Korean Pediatric Society. The group 1, 2, and 3 was short, borderline and normal or obese, overweight and normal, respectively. Their perception and satisfaction of height and weight were investigated, and their self esteem and behavior styles were examined with Self-Esteem Inventory (SEI) and Korean Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL). We compared the numbers of appropriate perception, satisfaction, self-esteem and problematic behaviors in each group, and analyzed the relationship among perception of physique, self-esteem, sociality, and behavioral characteristics. The collected data were analyzed with chi-square test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient used with SPSS (ver. 12.0). Results : There were significant mismatches among their real physique perception and satisfaction (P<0.05). There were no significant differences of their self-esteem, sociality, and problematic behaviors according to their actual height and weight. There were significant differences of their self-esteem according to their perception or satisfaction of their height and weight (P<0.01). Conclusion : The children who considered themselves have short stature or obesity had problematic behaviors or low self-esteem. Therefore, children should be educated to have the appropriate perception of their own body image.

목 적: 초등학생들의 실제 체격 측정치와 자신의 체격에 대한 인식 및 만족도를 살펴보고, 그에 따른 자아존중감, 사회성 및 문제행동특성을 규명하고자 한다. 방 법: 서울에 소재한 초등학교 4, 5, 6학년생 465명(남학생 231명, 여학생 234명)을 대상으로 키와 체중에 대한 인식 및 만족도 조사, 자아존중감 검사(self-esteem inventory, SEI), 아동 청소년 행동평가척도(Korean Child Behavior Checklist, K-CBCL)를 실시하였다. 이들에서 신장과 체질량지수를 구하여 2007년 대한소아과학회의 신체발육표준치를 기준으로 저신장, 경계군, 정상 또는 비만, 과체중, 정상의 세 군으로 분류하였고, 키에 대한 인식도는 작은 편, 보통, 큰 편으로, 체중에 대한 인식도는 마른 편, 보통, 뚱뚱한 편으로 구분하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS for Windows (version 12.0, SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA)를 사용하여 chi-square test, ANOVA test등을 실시하여 분석하였다. 결과: 실측된 자신의 키와 체중에 대하여 인식 및 만족도에서 의미 있는 차이를 보였다(P<0.05). 키나 체중의 실제 측정치에 따른 자아존중감, 사회성, 행동특성의 유의한 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다(P>0.05). 키와 체중에 대한 인식과 만족도에 따라 자아존중감에 의미 있는 차이를 보였다 (P<0.01). 결 론: 자신의 키나 체중에 대하여 정확하게 인식하고 만족하고 있는 아동들의 자아존중감이 높게 나타났다. 따라서 체격에 대한 올바른 인식확립과 교육으로 심리적 지지를 제공해야 하겠다.

Keywords

References

  1. Holmes CS, Karlsson JA, Thompson RG. Social and school competencies in children with short stature: longitudinal patterns. J Dev Behav Pediatr 1985;6:263-7
  2. Wiklund I, Albertsson-Wikland K, Wiren L. How should the psychosocial impact of short stature and response to growth hormone treatment be assessed in children? Acta Paediatr cand 1991;377:S174-S175
  3. Kim MJ, Rho YI, Yang ES, Moon KR, Park SK, Park YB, Kim EY. The relationship between the perception of height and self-esteem in children. Korean J Pediatr 2004;47:258-63
  4. Holmes CS, Hayford JT, Thompson RG. Parents' and teachers' differing views of short children's behaviour. Child Care Health Dev 1982;8:327-36 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.1982.tb00293.x
  5. Erickson SJ, Robinson TN, Haydel KF, Killen JD. Are overweight children unhappy?: Body mass index, depressive symptoms, and overweight concerns in elementary school children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2000;154:931-5 https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.154.9.931
  6. Park SM, Kim EY, Rho YI, Park SK, Park YB, Moon KR, et al. The relationship between obesity and depressive trends in elementary school children. J Korean Pediatr Soc 2002;45: 10-15
  7. Wadden TA, Stunkard AJ. Social and psychological consequences of obesity. Ann Intern Med 1985;103:1062-7 https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-6-1062
  8. Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, The Korean Pediatric Society, The Committee for the Development of Growth Standard for Korean Children and Adolescents. 2007 Korean children and adolescents growth standard (commentary for the development of 2007 growth chart). [Government report online]. Seoul: Division of Chronic Disease Surveillance; 2007 Nov. Available from: URL://http://www.cdc.go.kr/
  9. Kim KY, Kim HH. Children's self-Esteem: dimensions and development. Korean J of Child Studies 1993;14:1-12
  10. Lee HR, Hong KE, Oh KJ, Ha EH. Clinical validity study of Korean CBCL through item analysis. J Korean Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1991;2:138-49
  11. Pfffle R. Genetics of growth in the normal child. Eur J Endocrinol 2006;155:S27-S33 https://doi.org/10.1530/eje.1.02177
  12. Barsh GS, Farooqi IS, O'Rahilly S. Genetics of body-weight regulation. Nature 2000;404:644-51 https://doi.org/10.1038/35007519
  13. Epstein LH, Wing RR, Valoski A. Childhood obesity. Pediatr Clin North Am 1985;32:363-79 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-3955(16)34792-7
  14. Dietz WH Jr. Prevention of childhood obesity. Pediatr Clin North Am 1986;33:823-33 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-3955(16)36075-8
  15. Barness LA, Opitz JM, Gilbert-Barness E. Obesity: genetic, molecular, and environmental aspects. Am J Med Genet A 2007;143:3016-34
  16. Lee DH. Childhood obesity. J Korean Med Assoc 2004;47: 321-33 https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2004.47.4.321
  17. Koch EW. Acceleration and retardation of growth and their relation to longevity in man. Dtsch Gesundheitsw 1953;8: 1492-501
  18. Erling A. Why do some children of short stature develop psychologically well while others have problems? Eur J Endocrinol 2004;151:S35-S39 https://doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.151S035
  19. Molinari E, Sartori A, Ceccarelli A, Marchi S. Psychological and emotional development, intellectual capabilities, and body image in short normal children. J Endocrinol Invest 2002;25: 321-8 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03344012
  20. Keselman A, Martnez A, Pantano L, BergadC, Heinrich JJ. Psychosocial outcome in growth hormone deficient patients diagnosed during childhood. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2000;13:409-16
  21. Rieser PA. Educational, psychologic, and social aspects of short stature. J Pediatr Health Care 1992;6:325-32 https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5245(92)90099-P
  22. Park MJ, Shin YJ, Shin HJ, Kim DH. Psychosocial adaptation in children with growth hormone deficiency. J Korean Soc Pediatr Endocrinol 2000;5:83-92
  23. Hunt L, Hazen RA, Sandberg DE. Perceived versus measured height. Which is the stronger predictor of psychosocial functioning? Horm Res 2000;53:129-38 https://doi.org/10.1159/000023561
  24. Zimet GD, Cutler M, Litvene M, Dahms W, Owens R, Cuttler L. Psychological adjustment of children evaluated for short stature: a preliminary report. J Dev Behav Pediatr 1995;16:264-70
  25. Allgood-Merten B, Lewinsohn PM, Hops H. Sex differences and adolescent depression. J Abnorm Psychol 1990;99:55-63 https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.99.1.55
  26. Probst M, Braet C, Vandereycken W, De Vos P, Van Coppenolle H, Verhofstadt-Denve L. Body size estimation in obese children: a controlled study with the video distortion method. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1995;19:820-4
  27. Franklin J, Denyer G, Steinbeck KS, Caterson ID, Hill AJ. Obesity and risk of low self-esteem: a statewide survey of Australian children. Pediatrics 2006;118:2481-7 https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-0511
  28. Allen KL, Byrne SM, Blair EM, Davis EA. Why do some overweight children experience psychological problems? The role of weight and shape concern. Int J Pediatr Obes 2006;1: 239-47 https://doi.org/10.1080/17477160600913552

Cited by

  1. 저신장증 아동과 정상 아동의 신체상, 자아존중감 및 문제행동 vol.16, pp.1, 2010, https://doi.org/10.4094/jkachn.2010.16.1.41
  2. 성조숙증 여아의 자아존중감 영향요인 vol.25, pp.1, 2019, https://doi.org/10.14370/jewnr.2019.25.1.41