Korean Journal of Veterinary Service (한국동물위생학회지)

The Korean Society of Veterinary Service (한국동물위생학회)
권호 표지

Study on disease prevalence to Holstein calves reared in Chonnam area

전남 지방의 홀스타인 송아지의 질병 발생율 조사

  • Lee, Sang-Hoon (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kang, Ju-Won (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Chung, Yong-Un (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Chai-Yong (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Han, Dong-Un (Cheonan Yonam College) ;
  • Wee, Sung-Hwan (National Veterinary and Quarantine Office, MAF) ;
  • Yoon, So-Rah (National Veterinary and Quarantine Office, MAF) ;
  • Cho, Jae-Jin (National Veterinary and Quarantine Office, MAF) ;
  • Kang, Mun-Il (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University)
  • Published : 2008.11.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The prevalence of major calf disease was investigated in 117 Holstein dairy calves in Chonnam area. All of them were moved in the College experimental farm which is operated in intensive units. clinical signs were daily examined throughout two months after the introduction of the College farm. Among calves, 92 cases(78.6%) died in the two months after the introduction in it. Outbreaks of respiratory and alimentary diseases were their main causes of their fatality. The incidence of respiratory disorders during the full period of the experiment was up to 42.8%, and the alimentary diseases were occurred 35.9% of the herd. Most of the mortality was related with respiratory(59.9%) and alimentary(52.1%) pathogens. Also calf mortality by combined infection claimed 6.6% among 100 morbidity cases. Principle pathogens to cause mortality were Pasteurella spp(44.4%), E coli(29.9%), bovine viral diarrhea virus(16.2%), IBRV(12.0%), respectively. Viruses also played as an important role in increasing calf morbidity to secondary respiratory bacterial pathogens. Pasteurella infection combined with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus(11 cases), parainfluenza virus type-3(9 cases), or bovine respiratory syncytial virus(7 cases) was appeared as major pattern to mortality. colibacillosis in causing enteritis was concurrently infected with BVD(19 cases), bovine coronavirus infection(14 cases), salmonellosis(5 cases), coccidiosis(5 cases) and clostridial infection(4 cases). Ninty-two cases to death were appeared to have 100% neutralizing antibodies to BCV; Among them, 73.8% had the neutralizing antibody level higher than 64. Calves with neutralizing antibodies higher than 16 to BVDV were 50%. The cases with neutralizing antibody level lower than 8 to BEFV were 89.4% that means the necessity of appropriate vaccination.

Keywords

References

  1. Simensen E. 1983. An epidemiological study of calf health and performance in Norwegian dairy herds. Effect of calf performance on subsequent health and performance of heifers. Acta Agric. Scand. A Anim. Sci.. 33 : 137-142 https://doi.org/10.1080/00015128309435359
  2. Schumann FJ, Townsend HGG, Naylor JM. 1990. Risk factors for mortality from diarrhea in beef calves in Alberta. Can J Vet Res 54 : 366-372
  3. Smith DR, Fedorka Cray PJ, Mohan R, et al. 1998. Epidemiologic herd level assessment of causative agents and risk factors for winter dysentery in dairy cattle. Am J Vet Res 59 : 994-1001
  4. Webster AJF, Saville C, Church BM, 1985. Some effects of different rearing systems on health, cleanliness and injury in calves. Brit Vet J 141 : 472-483 https://doi.org/10.1016/0007-1935(85)90042-9
  5. 권오덕, 최경성, 이승옥 등. 2000. 한우 신 생송아지의 질병발생에 관한 조사연구. 한국임상수의학회지 17(1): 93-101
  6. Martin SW, Meek AH. 1986. A path model of factors influencing morbidity and mortality in Ontario feedlot calves. Can J Vet Res 50 : 15-22
  7. 강문일, 박영석, 한동운. 1999. 한우 송아지 의 선천성 전신수종. 한국가축번식학회지. 23 : 63-68
  8. Britney JB, Martin SW, Stone JB et al. 1984, Analysis of early calfhood health status and subsequent dairy herd survivorship and productivity. Prev Vet Med 3 : 45-52 https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-5877(84)90023-0
  9. Hiruma M, Ide S, Kume T. 1985. A case of neonatal calf diarrhea associated with natural infection with rotavirus. Jpn J Vet Sci 47 : 517-521 https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms1939.47.517
  10. Holland RF. 1990. Some infectious causes of diarrhoea in young farm animals. Clin Microbiol Rev 3 : 345-375 https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.3.4.345
  11. Barker IK, van Dreumel AA, Palmer N. 1993. The alimentary system. In Pathology of domestic animals, Jubb, KVF, Keeendy PC, Palmer N(eds), 4th ed, Academic Press, New York : 1-318
  12. Virtala AM, Mechor GD, Grohn YT, et al. 1996. Epidemiologic and pathologic characteristics of respiratory tract disease in dairy heifers during the first three months of life. JAVMA 12 : 2035-2036
  13. 박남용, 배성열, 기혜영. 1991. 소 아데노바 이러스 감염증의 국내발생. 대한수의사회 지 27(8) : 483-487
  14. Dungworth, DL. 1993. The respiratory system. In Pathology of domestic animals, Jubb, KVF, Keeendy PC, Palmer N(eds), 4th ed, Academic Press, New York : 1-318
  15. Graham DA. McShane J. Mawhinney K, et al. 1998. Evaluation of a single dilution ELISA system for detection of seroconversion to bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza-3 virus, and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus: comparison with testing by virus neutralization and hemagglutination inhibition. J Vet Diag Invest 10(1) : 43-8 https://doi.org/10.1177/104063879801000108
  16. Oxender WD, Newman LE, Morrow DA. 1973. Factors influencing dairy calf mortality in Michigan. JAVMA 162 : 458-460
  17. Speicher JA, Hepp RE. 1973. Factors associated with calf mortality in Michigan dairy herds. JAVMA 162 : 463-466
  18. Tsuda T. 1999. Congenital defects of cattle caused by arbovirus infection in Japan"Abnormal deliveries of cattle". Kor Vet Pahol Assoc(Proceedings) : 18-23
  19. Seimiya YM, Murakami M, Takahashi M, et al. 2007. A neonatal calf with concurrent meningoencephalitis by Enterobacter cloacae and enteritis by attaching and effacing Escherichia coli (O128). J Vet Med Sci. 69(4):445-448 https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.69.445
  20. Allan EM. 1978, Respiratory Disease of Cattle. Ed WB Martin. The Hague, Martinus Nijhof : 345-355
  21. Houe H. 1999. Epidemiological features and economical importance of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infections. Vet Microbiol 64(2-3) : 89-107 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1135(98)00262-4
  22. de Verdier Klingenberg K, Vagsholm I, Alenius S. 1999. Incidence of diarrhea among calves after strict closure and eradication of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in a dairy herd. JAVMA 214 (12) : 1824-8
  23. Baker JC, Werdin RE, Ames TR. 1986. Study on the etiologic role of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in pneumonia of dairy calves. JAVMA 189(1) : 66-68
  24. Brodersen BW. Kelling CL. 1998. Effect of concurrent experimentally induced bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine viral diarrhea virus infection on respiratory tract and enteric diseases in calves Am J Vet Res 59(11) : 1423-30
  25. 손성완, 장정호, 박봉균 등. 1991. 소코로나 바이러스 감염증 발생 조사. 시험연구보고 서(가위연) : 111-112
  26. Saif LJ, Brock KV, Redman DR, et al. 1991. Winter dysentery in dairy herds: Electron microscopic and serological evidence for an association with coronavirus infection. Vet Rec 127 : 447-449
  27. Clark MA. 1993. Bovine coronavirus. Br Vet J 149 : 51-70 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1935(05)80210-6
  28. Collins JK, Riegel CA, Olson JD, Rountain A. 1987. Shedding of enteric coronavirus in adult cattle. Am J Vet Res 48 : 361-365
  29. Heckert RA, Saif LJ, Myers GW, et al. 1991. Epidemiologic factors and isotype- specific antibody responses in serum and mucosal secretions of dairy calves with bovine coronavirus respiratory tract and enteric tract infections. Am J Vet Res 52 : 845-851
  30. Wiseman A. Msolla PM. Selman IE, et al. 1980. Clinical and epidemiological features of 15 incidents of severe infectious bovine rhinotrachei- tis. Vet Rec 107(19) : 436-41 https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.107.19.436
  31. Briggs, RE, Kehrli, M, Frank GH. 1988. Effects of infection with parainfluenza-3 virus and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus on neutrophil functions in calves. Am J Vet Res 49 : 682-686
  32. 진영화, 황의경, 정운익 등. 1988. 효소 면 역법을 이용한 소 parainfluenza-3 바이러 스와 소 respiratory syncytical virus 검출 에 관한 연구. 농사논문집(가축위생편) 30 : 39-35
  33. Selim SA, Cullor JS, Smith BP, et al. 1995. The effect of Escherichia coli J5 and modified live Salmonella dublin vaccines in artificially reared neonatal calves. Vaccine 13(4) : 381-90 https://doi.org/10.1016/0264-410X(95)98262-9
  34. Miura Y, Inaba Y, Hayashi S, et al. 1980. A survey of antibodies to arthropodborne viruses in Japanese cattle. Vet Microbiol 5 : 277-282 https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1135(80)90026-7
  35. 김상기, 이정길. 1986. 전남지방에서 사육 되고 있는 유우의 질병 발생조사. 대한수 의학회지 22 : 161-168
  36. Mitruka, BM, Rawnsley, HM. 1981. Clinical biochemical and hematological reference values in normal experimental animals and normal humans. 2nd ed. Masson Publising USA, New York : 116-119
  37. 한홍률, 이정길, 이창우. 1982. 개정 수의임 상병리. 기전출판사. 서울: 76-159
  38. Van Donkersgoed J, Ribble CS, Boyer LG, et al. 1993. Epidemiological study of enzootic pneumonia in dairy calves in Saskatchewan. Can J Vet Res 57 : 247-254
  39. Peters AR. 1986. Some husbandary factors affecting mortality and morbidity on calf-rearing unit. Vet Rec 119 : 355-357 https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.119.14.355
  40. Waltner-Toews D, Martin SW, Meek AH, et al. 1986. Dairy calf management, morbidity and mortality in Ontario Holstein herds. I. The data. Prev Vet Med 4 : 103-124 https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-5877(86)90017-6