가치창조를 위한 기업자원관리: 전사적자원관리 구현을 기반으로

Managing firm Resources to Create Value: Based on ERP Implementation

  • 최병구 (국민대학교 경영대학 경영학부)
  • 발행 : 2008.12.31

초록

전사적자원관리(enterprise resource planning: ERP)의 효과적 구축을 위해서는 다양한 요소들의 상호작용이 필수적임에도 불구하고 이들 요소들간의 상호작용에 대한 연구는 그간 개별적으로 이루어져 왔다. 이러한 한계점을 극복하기 위해 본 연구에서는 이러한 요소들이 어떻게 상호작용하고 이러한 상호작용이 효과적인 전사적자원관리의 구축에 영향을 미치는가를 전체적인 관점(holistic perspective)에서 파악하기 위한 연구모형을 제안하고자 한다. 특히, 본 연구는 가치 창출을 위한 자원준거이론(resource based theory), 전략형성 프레임웍(strategy formulation framework), 동적자원관리(dynamic resource management) 모형을 기반을 어떻게 자원의 번들링(bundling) 프로세스와 역량의 레버리지(leverage) 프로세스가 전사적자원관리의 효과적 구축에 영향을 미치는가에 초점을 두고자 한다. 제안된 연구모형은 호주의 항공산업에 속한 기업을 대상으로 사례연구를 수행하여 검증하였다. 사례연구 결과 효과적 역량 구축을 위한 자원의 번들링 프로세스와 효과적 전사적자원관리의 구축을 위한 역량의 레버리지 프로세스의 중요성을 파악할 수 있었다. 본 연구 결과는 자원간 그리고 역량간 상호작용의 중요성을 명시함으로써 효과적 전사적 자원관리를 위한 가이드라인을 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Although there are many processes in which factors interact with each other during enterprise resource planning(ERP) implementation, factors affecting ERP implementation have been investigated in an isolated way. In order to bridge the gap, this study attempts to provide a research model to explain how these factors affect ERP implementation success from a holistic perspective. In particular, this research focuses on how bundling and leveraging processes affect ERP implementation success using resource based theory, a strategy formulation framework, and a dynamic resource management model of value creation. The model amalgamates organizational resources and capabilities via the bundling and leveraging processes to identify the effect on ERP implementation success. This paper validates the proposed model by presenting Australian aviation industry case study. Case findings will be in help to reveal the effect of resource bundling in establishing capabilities and effect of capabilities leveraging in deriving the ERP implementation success.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. 김태웅, 남용식, "ERP시스템의 도입과 성과에 관한 연구", 경영정보학연구, 제 10권, 제1호, 2000, pp. 61-79
  2. 이선로, "통합정보시스템이 조직통제에 미치는 영향: ERP(Enterprise Resource Planning)시스템 도입을 중심으로", 경영정보학연구, 제12권, 제1호, 2002, pp. 67-85
  3. 장경서, 서길수, 이문봉, "ERP시스템 구현 핵심성공요인에 관한 탐색적 연구", Information System Review, 제2권, 제2호, 2000, pp. 255-281
  4. 정승민, 김준석, "ERP 시스템 도입시 커스터마이징 정도가 사용자 만족도와 조직의 경쟁우위에 미치는 영향", Information System Review, 제4권, 제2호, 2002, pp. 257-272
  5. Abdinnour-Helm, S., M. L. Lengnick-Hall, and C. A. Lengnick-Hall, "Pre-Implementation Attitudes and Organizational Readiness for Implementing an Enterprise Resource Panning System", European Journal of Operations Research, Vol.146, No.2, 2003, pp. 258-273 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(02)00548-9
  6. Akkermans, H. and K. V. Helden, "Vicious and Virtuous Cycles in ERP Implementation: A Case Study of Interrelations between Critical Success Factors", European Journal of Information Systems, Vol.11, No.1, 2002, pp. 35-46 https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave/ejis/3000418
  7. Amit, R. and P. J. H. Schoemaker, "Strategic Assets and Organizational Rent", Strategic Management Journal, Vol.14, No.1, 1993, pp. 33-46
  8. Barney, J. B., "Firms Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage", Journal of Management, Vol.17, No.1, 1991, pp. 99-120 https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
  9. Bhatt, G. D., and V. Grover, "Types of Information Technology Capabilities and Their Role in Competitive Advantage: An Empirical Study", Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol.22, No.2, 2005, pp. 253-278 https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2005.11045844
  10. Born, A. D., "A Framework for Assessing the Impact of Information Systems Infrastructure on Business Effectiveness", International Conference on Information Systems, Barcelona, 2002
  11. Chou, D. C., H. B. Tripuramallu, and A. Y. Chou, "BI and ERP Integration", Information Management and Computer Security, Vol.13, No.5, 2005, pp. 340-349 https://doi.org/10.1108/09685220510627241
  12. Dehning, B., and T. Stratopoulos, "Determinants of a Sustainable Competitive Advantage Due to an It-Enabled Strategy", Strategic Information Systems, Vol.12, No.1, 2003, pp. 7-28 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0963-8687(02)00035-5
  13. Dyer, L. and R. Shafer, "From Human Resource Strategy to Organizational Effectiveness: Lessons from Research on Organizational Agility", In P. Wright, L. Dyer, J. Boudreau, and G. Milkovich (Eds.), Research in Personnel and Human Resource Management. Supplement 4: Strategic Human Resource Management in the Twenty First Century, pp. 145-174, Stamford, CT: JAI Press, 1999
  14. Eisenhardt, K. M., "Building Theories from Case Study Research", Academy of Management Review, Vol.14, No.4, 1989, pp. 532-550 https://doi.org/10.2307/258557
  15. Feeny, D. F. and L. P. Wilcocks, "Core IS Capabilities for Exploiting Information Technology", Sloan Management Review, Vol.39, No.3, 1998, pp. 9-21
  16. Grant, R. M., "The Resource-Based Theory of Competitive Advantage: Implications for Strategy Formulation", California Management Review, Vol.33, No.3, 1991, pp. 114-135 https://doi.org/10.2307/41166664
  17. Hamel, G. and C. K. Prahalad, Competing for the Future, Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1994
  18. Holland, C. P. and B. Light, "Global Enterprise Resource Planning Implementation", Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 1999
  19. Hong, K. and Y. Kim, "The Critical Success Factors for ERP Implementation: An Organizational Fit Perspective", Information and Management, Vol.40, No.1, 2002, pp. 25-40 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7206(01)00134-3
  20. Jugdev, K., "Project Management as a Strategic Asset: What Does It Look Like and How Do Companies Get There?" In D.P Slevin, D.I Cleland, and J.K Pinto(Eds.), Innovations: Project Management Research 2004, pp. 161-174, Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute, 2005
  21. Kelley, D. J. and R. A. Nakosteen, "Technology Resources, Alliances, and Sustained Growth in New, Technology-Based Firms", IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, Vol.52, No.3, 2005, pp. 292-300 https://doi.org/10.1109/TEM.2005.851272
  22. Keoy, K. H. A., K. Hafeez, and S. C. L. Koh, "Evaluating the E-Business Capability Model: Empirical Evidence from the UK Technology-Based Companies", International Journal of Logistics Economics and Globalisation, Vol.1, No.1, 2007, pp. 92-122 https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLEG.2007.014497
  23. Ko, D.-G., L. J. Kirsch, and W. R. King, "Antecedents of Knowledge Transfer from Consultants to Clients in Enterprise System Implementations", MIS Quarterly, Vol.29, No.1, 2005, pp. 59-85 https://doi.org/10.2307/25148668
  24. Korhonen, S. and J. H. Niemela, "A ConceptualAnalysis of Capabilities: Identifying and Classifying Sources of Competitive Advantage in the Wood Industry", The Finnish Journal of Business Economics, Vol.54, No.1, 2005, pp. 11-47
  25. Lado, A. and M. Wilson, "Human Resource Systems and Sustained Competitive Advantage: A Competency Based Perspective", Academy of Management Review, Vol.19, No.4, 1994, pp. 699-727 https://doi.org/10.2307/258742
  26. Leonard-Barton, D., "Core Capabilities and Core Rigidities", Strategic Management Journal, Vol.13, Special Issue, 1992, pp. 111-125 https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250131009
  27. Lichtenstein, B. M. B. and C. B. Brush, "How Do Resource Bundles Develop and Change in New Ventures? A Dynamic Model and Longitudinal Exploration", Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol.25, No.3, 2001, pp. 37-58 https://doi.org/10.1177/104225870102500303
  28. Lopez-Cabrales, A., R. Valle, and I. Herrero, "The Contribution of Core Employees to Organizational Capabilities and Efficiency", Human Resource Management, Vol.45, No.1, 2006, pp. 81-109 https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.20094
  29. Markus, M. L., S. Axline, D. Petrie, and S. C. Tanis, "Learning from Adopters' Experiences with ERP: Problems Encountered and Success Achieved", Journal of Information Technology, Vol.15, No.4, 2000, pp. 245-265 https://doi.org/10.1080/02683960010008944
  30. Mathis, R. L. and J. H. Jackson, Human Resource Management, Cincinnati: International Thomson Publishing, 2006
  31. McGinnis, T. C. and Z. Huang, "Rethinking ERP Success: A New Perspective from Knowledge Management and Continuous Improvement", Information and Management, Vol.44, No.7, 2007, pp. 626-634 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2007.05.006
  32. Molla, A., and A. Bhalla, "ERP and Competitive Advantage in Developing Countries: The Case of an Asian Company", Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries, Vol.24, No.1, 2006, pp. 1-19
  33. Nicolaou, A. I. and S. Bhattacharya, "Organizational Performance Effects of ERP Systems Usage: The Impact of Post-Implementation Changes", International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, Vol.7, No.1, 2006, pp. 18-35 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accinf.2005.12.002
  34. Powell, T. C. and A. Dent-Micallef, "Information Technology as Competitive Advantage: The Role of Human, Business and Technology Resources", Strategic Management Journal, Vol.18, No.5, 1997, pp. 375-405 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199705)18:5<375::AID-SMJ876>3.0.CO;2-7
  35. Puranam, P., H. Singh, and M. Zollo, "A Bird in the Hand or Two in the Bush? Integration Trade-Offs in Technology Grafting Acquisitions", European Management Journal, Vol.21, No.2, 2003, pp. 179-184 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-2373(03)00012-4
  36. Ravichandran, T. and C. Lertwongsattien, "Effect of Information Systems Resources and Capabilities on Firm Performance: A Resource-Based Perspective", Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol.21, No.4, 2005, pp. 237-276 https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2005.11045820
  37. Ross, J. W., C. M. Beath, and D. L. Goodhue, "Develop Long Term Competitiveness through IT Assets", Sloan Management Review, Vol.38, No.1, 1996, pp. 31-42
  38. Sirmon, D. G., M. A. Hitt, and R. D. Ireland, "Managing Firm Resources in Dynamic Environments to Create Value: Looking inside the Black Box", Academy of Management Review, Vol.32, No.1, 2007, pp. 273-292 https://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.2007.23466005
  39. Somers, T. M. and K. Nelson, "Impact of Critical Success Factors across the Stages in Enterprise Resource Planning Implementation", Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2001
  40. Song, M., C. Droge, S. Hanvanich, and R. Calantone, "Marketing and Technology Resource Complementary: An Analysis of Their Interaction Effect in Two Environmental Contexts", Strategic Management Journal, Vol.26, No.3, 2005, pp. 259-276 https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.450
  41. Stefanou, C., "The Selection Process of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems", Americas Conference on Information Systems, pp. 998-991, California, 2000
  42. Stratman, J. K. and A. V. Roth, "Enterprise Resource Planning Competence Constructs: Two Stage Multi-Item Scale Development and Validation", Decision Sciences, Vol.33, No.4, 2002, pp. 601-628 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.2002.tb01658.x
  43. Strauss, A. and J. Corbin, Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1998
  44. Teece, D. J., G. Pisano, and A. Shuen, "Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic Management", Strategic Management Journal, Vol.18, No.7, 1997, pp. 509-533 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199708)18:7<509::AID-SMJ882>3.0.CO;2-Z
  45. Tippins, M. J., and R. S. Sohi, "It Competency and Firm Performance: Is Organizational Learning a Missing Link?", Strategic Management Journal, Vol.24, No.6, 2003, pp. 745-761 https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.337
  46. Upton, D., "The Management of Manufacturing Flexibility", California Management Review, Vol.36, No.2, 1994, pp. 72-89 https://doi.org/10.2307/41165745
  47. Wang, E. T. G., S.-P. Shih, J. J. Jiang, and G. Klein, "The Consistency among Facilitating Factors and ERP Implementation Success: A Holistic View of Fit", Journal of Systems and Software, Vol.81, No.9, 2008, pp. 1609-1621 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2007.11.722
  48. Wright, P. M., B. B. Dunford, and S. A. Snell, "Human Resources and the Resource Based View of the Firm", Journal of Management, Vol.27, No.6, 2001, pp. 701-721 https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630102700607
  49. Yin, R. K., Case Study Research: Design and Methods, London: Sage publications, 1994
  50. Zhang, L., O. K. L. Lee, Z. Zhang, and P. Banerjee, "Critical Success Factors of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems Implementation Success in China", Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2002