The KIPS Transactions:PartB (정보처리학회논문지B)

Korea Information Processing Society (한국정보처리학회)
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Encryption Scheme for MPEG-4 Media Transmission Exploiting Frame Dropping

대역폭 감소를 적용한 MPEG-4 미디어 전송시의 암호화 기법 연구

  • 신동규 (세종대학교 컴퓨터공학과) ;
  • 신동일 (세종대학교 컴퓨터공학과) ;
  • 박세영 (세종대학교 컴퓨터공학과)
  • Published : 2008.12.31
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Abstract

According to the network condition, the communication network overload could be occurred when media transmitting. Many researches are being carried out to lessen the network overload, such as the filtering, load distributing, frame dropping and many other methods. Among these methods, one of effective method is frame dropping that reduces specified video frames for bandwidth diminution. B frames are dropped and then I, P frames are dropped according to dependency among the frames in frame dropping. This paper proposes a scheme for protecting copyrights by encryption, when we apply frame dropping to reduce bandwidth of media following MPEG-4 file format. We designed two kinds of frame dropping: first one stores and then sends the dropped files and the other drops frames in real-time when transmitting. We designed three kinds of encryption methods in which DES algorithm is used to encrypt MPEG-4 data: macro block encryption in I-VOP, macro block and motion vector encryption in P-VOP, and macro block and motion vector encryption in I, P-VOP. Based on these three methods, we implemented a digital right management solution for MPEG-4 data streaming. We compared the results of dropping, encryption, decryption and quality of video sequences to select an optimal method, and there is no noticeable difference between the video sequences recovered after frame dropping and the ones recovered without frame dropping. The best performance in encryption and decryption of frames was obtained when we apply the macro block and motion vector encryption in I, P-VOP.

미디어의 전송시 네트워크의 상황에 따라 통신망의 과부하가 발생할 수 있으며, 이를 줄이기 위해서 필터링, 부하 분산기법, 막힘 제어 기법, 프레임 드로핑 등의 많은 연구가 진행되었다. 이들 중 효과적인 방법은 동영상의 비트율을 조절하기 위해 특정 비디오 프레임을 제거함으로써 대역폭의 감소를 가능하게 하는 프레임 드로핑(Frame dropping)이다. 프레임 드로핑은 프레임 간의 종속성이 가장 적은 B 프레임을 먼저 제거하고 종속성의 관계에 따라 I, P 프레임 순서대로 제거한다. 본 논문에서는 MPEG-4 미디어의 전송에 프레임 드로핑을 적용 하였으며 이때 암호화를 통하여 저작권을 보호할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 이를 위하여 서버에 저장되어있는 프레임 드로핑 이 이미 적용된 파일을 클라이언트에게 전송하는 방법과 서버에 저장되어있는 미디어 파일을 클라이언트에게 전송시 실시간으로 프레임 드로핑하는 두 가지 방법을 설계 구현 하였다. MPEG-4 데이터의 암호화에는 3가지 방법을 제안하였다: I-VOP내의 매크로 블록(Macro block) 암호화, P-VOP내의 매크로 블록과 모션벡터 암호화(Motion Vector), I-VOP내의 매크로블록과 P-VOP내의 모션벡터 암호화. MPEG-4 미디어의 전송시, 최적의 방법을 선택하기 위해 드로핑, 암호화, 복호화 및 영상의 품질을 비교하였으며 드로핑 후에도 원래의 영상과 큰 차이가 없었다. 암호화와 복호화에서는 I-VOP와 P-VOP를 모두 암호화 하였을 때가 가장 성능이 좋았다.

Keywords

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