DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Fermentation Characteristics of Extruded Tissue Cultured Mountain Ginseng

압출성형 산삼배양근의 발효 특성

  • Yang, Hye-Jin (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University) ;
  • Ji, Yan-Qing (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University) ;
  • Chung, Ki-Wha (Dept. of Life Science, Kongju National University) ;
  • Ryu, Gi-Hyung (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University)
  • Published : 2008.12.31

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare the fermentation characteristics of tissue cultured mountain ginseng, extruded tissue cultured mountain ginseng, and root hair of red ginseng. Also, pH, acidity, brix, reducing sugar, total sugar, and alcohol were analyzed. The extrusion conditions were barrel temperature of 110 and $140^{\circ}C$ and moisture content of 25 and 35%. Fermentation temperature was $27^{\circ}C$ for 15 days and the cultivation was fixed with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus usamii, and Rhizopus japonicus. The results showed that pH, brix, reducing sugar content, and total sugar content of fermented broths were decreased after 5 days and then maintained steadily for the following 10 days. Acidity of final fermented broths were 1.12% (root hair of red ginseng), 1.19% (tissue cultured mountain ginseng), and $0.97{\sim}1.02%$ (extruded tissue cultured mountain ginseng), respectively. Alcohol content of final fermented broths were 3.82% (root hair of red ginseng), 0.91% (tissue cultured mountain ginseng), and $1.86{\sim}2.18%$ (extruded tissue cultured mountain ginseng). The fermentation efficiency of extruded tissue cultured mountain ginseng (barrel temperature $140^{\circ}C$, moisture content 25%) were the highest. In conclusion, the fermentation efficiency was increased by extrusion process.

본 연구에서는 산삼배양근과 압출성형 산산배양근의 발효특성을 알아보기 위해 발효액의 pH 및 산도, 당도, 총당, 환원당, 알코올 함량의 변화를 홍삼발효액과 비교하였다. Saccharomyces cerevisiae와 Aspergillus usamii, Rhizopus japonicus를 함유한 누룩을 접종하여 15일간 발효시킨 알코올 발효액의 pH, 당도, 환원당, 총당은 발효 시간 5일 전에 급격히 감소하여 이후 완만하게 감소하여 안정된 상태를 보여주었다. 또한, 산삼배양근을 압출성형 시킴으로써 환원당, 총당, 알코올 함량이 2배 이상 증가함을 확인할 수 있었다. 발효액의 최종 산도는 홍삼 $1.12{\pm}0.06%$, 산삼배양근 $1.19{\pm}0.06%$, 압출성형 산삼배양근 $0.97{\pm}0.01{\sim}1.02{\pm}0.01%$로 측정되었다. 알코올 발효를 시킨 발효액의 최대 알코올 함량 은 홍삼 $3.82{\pm}0.10%$ 산삼배양근 $0.91{\pm}0.06%$, 압출성형 산삼배양근 $1.86{\pm}0.10{\sim}2.18{\pm}0.06%$로 측정되어 산삼배양근을 압출성형 시킴으로써 최대 2.5배 알코올 함량을 향상시킬 수 있었다. 압출성형물 중에서도 배럴온도 $140^{\circ}C$, 수분함량 25%로 압출성형 시킨 산삼배양근이 환원당, 총당, 알코올함량이 가장 높게 측정되었다. 결론적으로 본 연구에서 압출성형공정을 통하여 산삼배양근 발효적성의 향상과 함께 새로운 산삼발효제품과 식품개발의 가능성을 발견하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Kim HD. 2005. Mountain ginseng of Korea. Kim-YoungSa, Paju, Gyeonggi-do
  2. Park H, Park SM, Sang H. 2002. Production and quality of mountain ginseng. Proceedings of the 8th Int. Symposium on Ginseng, Korean Society of Ginseng. p 456-466
  3. Wang ZH, Li CH, Zhang CG, Wang XD. 1998. Study on the wild ginseng and cultivated ginseng in Northeast of China. Proceedings of International Symposium on Ginseng. p 109-114
  4. Son SH, Hall RB. 1990. Multiple shoot regeneration from root organ cultures of Populus grandidentata. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cul 20: 53-57 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00034757
  5. Son SH, Choi SM, Hyung SJ, Yun SR, Choi MS, Shin EM, Hong YP. 1999. Induction and culture of mountain ginseng adventitious roots and AFLP analysis for identifying mountain ginseng. Biotechnol Bioprocess Eng 4: 119-123 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02932381
  6. Lim SI. 2005. Health fermentation food of functional evaluation and production process conceptual design symposium. Bio Venture Center of KRIBB, Daejeon. p 69
  7. Harper JM. 1989. Food extruders and their application. In Extrusion Cooking. Mercier C, Linko P, Harper JM, eds. AACC, St. Paul, MN. p 1-18
  8. Lee CH, Kim DC, Kim CJ, Jeon JH, Kim JD, Son JC. 1987. Food extrusion technology. Yu-Lim Sa, Seoul. p 167-178
  9. Meuser F, Wiedmann W. 1989. Extrusion plant design. In Extrusion Cooking. Mercier C, Linko P, Harper JM, eds. AACC, St. Paul, MN. p 91-155
  10. Ha DC, Lee JW, Ryu GH. 2005. Effect of barrel temperature and screw speed on characteristics of extruded raw ginseng. J Ginseng Res 29: 107-112 https://doi.org/10.5142/JGR.2005.29.2.107
  11. Ryu GH, Remon JP. 2004. Extraction yield of extruded ginseng and granulation of its extracts by cold extrusionspheronization. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 33: 899-904 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2004.33.5.899
  12. Han JY, Kim MH, Jin T, Budiasih WS, Ryu GH. 2006. Extrusion of ginseng root in twin screw extruder: Pretreatment for hydrolysis and saccharification of ginseng extrudate. J Food Sci Nutr 11: 318-322 https://doi.org/10.3746/jfn.2006.11.4.318
  13. Food code. 2002. Korea Food & Drug Administration, Seoul, Korea. p 389-390
  14. Dubois M, Gillers KA, Hamilton JK, Rdbers PA, Smith F. 1956. Colormetric method for determination of sugar and related substance. Anal Chem 28: 350-352 https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60111a017
  15. Miller GL. 1959. Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Anal Chem 31: 426-428 https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60147a030
  16. 주류분석규정. 2006. 국세청기술연구소. 서울. p 39-41
  17. Chae SK, Kang Ks, Lew ID, Ma SJ, Bang KY, Oh MH, Oh SH. 2004. The average food analytics theory and experiment. Jigu Publishing Co., Paju, Gyeonggi-do. p 563-567
  18. Kim JY, Sung KW, Bae HW, Yi YH. 2007. pH, acidity, color reducing sugar, total sugar, alcohol and organaleptic characteristics of puffed rice powder added Takju during fermentation. Korean J Food Sci Technol 39: 266-271
  19. Min YK, Cho JG. 1994. Fermentation characteristics of some medicinal herb rice wine. J Appl Biol Chem 37: 175-181
  20. Han JY, Kim C, Ryu GH. 2007. Comparison of fermentability and characteristics of fermented broths for extruded white ginseng at different barrel temperature. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 36: 1211-1218 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2007.36.9.1211
  21. Jang KJ, Yu TJ. 2007. Studies on the components of Sokoju and commercial Yakju. Korean J Food Sci Technol 13: 307-313 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1978.tb00808.x
  22. Jung HS, Kang TS, Woo KS, Paek KY, Yu KW, Yang SJ. 2005. Effect of cultured wild ginseng roots on the alcoholic fermentation. Korean J Food Preserv 12: 402-410
  23. Ha DC, Ryu GH. 2005. Chemical components of red, white and extruded root ginseng. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 34: 247-254 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2005.34.2.247
  24. Moon HS, Kwon HJ, O PS. 1998. Studies on the alcohol fermentation with extruded tappioca starch. Korean J Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 16: 231-237

Cited by

  1. Antioxidant Activity from Different Root Parts of 6-year-old Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (Yun-poong) vol.40, pp.4, 2011, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2011.40.4.493
  2. Physiochemical Characteristics of Panax ginseng C. A Meyer Sprout Cultivated with Nanobubble Water and Antioxidant Activities of Enzymatic Hydrolysates vol.52, pp.4, 2018, https://doi.org/10.14397/jals.2018.52.4.109