The Evaluation of Nutrients and Health${\cdot}$Functional Elements Presented at Nutrition Labels of Various Beverages in the Market

영양표시에 나타난 각종 시판음료의 영양 및 건강${\cdot}$기능성 성분평가

  • Chang, Soon-Ok (Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, The University of Suwon)
  • 장순옥 (수원대학교 생활과학대학 식품영양학과)
  • Published : 2007.09.30

Abstract

On the basis of the increasing interest for the selection of beverages, this study aimed to evaluate the contents of nutrients and health ${\cdot}$ functional elements in the beverages. Total 161 beverages that bear nutrition lable (NL) as nutrition table and health ${\cdot}$ functional elements information were collected and classified to 8 groups. The evaluated nutrients that are obligatory for NL in Korea were total calorie, carbohydrate, protein, fat, and sodium. Presented values showed that milk & yogurt and soy milk are the most wholesome beverages while the total caloric contents also were higher among 8 groups. Sodium contents in soy milk were higher than any other groups. The caloric contents of other beverage groups come mainly from carbohydrate presumably simple sugar. The caloric content of sports drinks is the lowest but the sodium content is variable among products showing the range of 0 - 100 mg/100 ml. Nonobligatory nutrients for NL frequently expressed are Ca, Fe, vitamin C, folate, and dietary fiber. Their content per serving size does not exceed the tolerable upper intake level, however, habitual multiple intakes of certain product require attention for the prevention of overintakes. Many health ${\cdot}$ functional elements as catechin, carnitine, polyphenol, and nucleic acids etc were listed in NL without presenting the content and their functions appear to be exaggerated compared to the known scientific evidence.

Keywords

References

  1. The Korean Nutrition Society. Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans, Seoul; 2005
  2. Joongang news paper. 2007; March 9
  3. Chosun news paper.2006; December 19
  4. Storey ML, Forshee RA, Anderson PA. Beverage consumption in the US population. J Am Diet Assoc 2006; 106(12): 1992-2000 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2006.09.009
  5. Friedman LA, Snetselaar L, Stumbo P, Van Horn L, Singh B, Barton BA. Influence of intervention on beverage choices: Trends in the dietary intervention study in children (DISC). J Am Diet Assoc 2007; 107(4): 586-594 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2007.01.008
  6. Song MJ, An EM, Shon HS, Kim SB, Cha YS. A study on the status of beverage consumption of the middle school students in Jeonju. Korean J Community Nutr 2005; 10(2): 174-182
  7. Cho HS, Kim YO. The study on korean youth's status of beverage consumption and perference of beverage in Chunnam area. Korean J Food Nutr 1999; 12(5): 536-542
  8. Kim HD, Kim DS, Kim SS. Milk and beverage preferences of college students. J Korean Soc Food Nutr 1994; 23(4): 420-428
  9. Skinner JD, Carruth BR. A longitudinal study of children's juice intake and growth: The juice controversy revisited. J Am Diet Assoc 2001; 101(4): 432-437 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(01)00111-0
  10. Rajeshwari R, Yang SJ, Nicklas TA, Berenson GS. Secular trends in children's sweetened-beverage consumption (1973 to 1994): The Bogalusa heart study. J Am Diet Assoc 2005; 105(2): 208-214 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2004.11.026
  11. Skinner JD, Ziegler P, Ponza M. Transitions in infants' and toddlers' beverage patterns. J Am Diet Assoc 2004; 104(1): 45-50
  12. Dubois L, Farmer A, Girard M, Peterson K. Regular sugar-sweetened beverage consumption between meals increases risk of overweight among preschool-aged children. J Am Diet Assoc 2007; 107(6): 924-934 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2007.03.004
  13. Newby PK, Peterson KE, Berkey CS, Leppert J, Willett WC, Colditz GA. Beverage consumption is not associated with changes in weight and body mass index among low-income preschool children in North Dakota. J Am Diet Assoc 2004; 104(7): 1086-1094 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2004.04.020
  14. Rampersaud GC, Bailey LB, Kauwell GPA. National survey beverage consumption data for children and adolescents indicate the need to encourage a shift toward more nutritive beverages. J Am Diet Assoc 2003; 103(1): 97-100
  15. Bowman SA. Beverage choices of young females: Changes and impact on nutrient intakes. J Am Diet Assoc 2002; 102(9): 1234-1239 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(02)90273-7
  16. Marshall TA, Levy SM, Broffitt B, Eichenberger-Gilmore JM, Stumbo PJ. Patterns of beverage consumption during the transition stage of infant nutrition. J Am Diet Assoc 2003; 103(10): 1350-1353 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(03)01078-2
  17. Fray CD, Johnson RK, Wang MQ. Children and adolescent's choices of foods and beverages high in added sugars are associated with intakes of key nutrients and food groups. J Adolesc Health 2004; 34: 56-63 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1054-139X(03)00248-9
  18. Sohn KH, Min SH, Lee MJ, Lee HJ. A study on the consumption of dairy beverage of female and factors affecting the consumption status. Korean J Food Nutr 2000; 13(5): 465-476
  19. Harnack L, Stang J, Story M. Soft drink consumption among US children and adolescents: Nutritional Consequences. J Am Diet Assoc 1999; 99(4): 436-444 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(99)00106-6
  20. Ha TS, Park MH, Choi YS, Cho SH. A study on beverage consumption pattern associated with food and nutrient intakes of college students. J Korean Diet Assoc 1999; 5(1): 21-28
  21. Wiecha JL, Finkelstein D, Troped PJ, Fragala M, Peterson KE. School vending machine use and fast-food restaurant use are associated with sugar-sweetened beverage intake in youth. J Am Diet Assoc 2006; 106(10): 1624-1630 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2006.07.007
  22. Chang SO. A study on the current nutrition labeling practices for the processed foods retailed in the supermarket in Korea. Korean J Nutr 1997a; 30(1): 100-108
  23. Chang SO. A study of the comprehension and preference of consumers to four different formats of nutrition label. Korean J Nutr 1997b; 30(6): 679-689
  24. Chang SO. A study on the perception, use, and demand of housewife- consumers for nutrition label. Korean J Nutr 2000; 33(7): 763-773
  25. Chang SO. current status Nutrient fortification in processed foods and nutrition labeling. J Korean Dietetic Association 1998; 4(2): 160-167
  26. Kim OS, Oh SI, Jang YA. Monitoring the current nutrition labeling practice on the packaging of proccessed foods. Korean J Food Cookery Sci 2005; 21(5): 616-628
  27. Chang SO. Evauation of serving sizes of packaged processed food in Korea. Nutr Sci 2002; 5(1): 41-46
  28. Flood JE, Roe LS, Rolls BJ. The Effect of increased beverage portion size on energy intake at a meal. J Am Diet Assoc 2006; 106(12): 1984-1990 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2006.09.005
  29. Korea Food and Drug Administration. 2007: 식품 등의 고시 개정; 2007. 1.12
  30. Shields DH, Corrales KM, Metallinos-Katsaras E. Gourmet coffee beverage consumption among college women. J Am Diet Assoc 2004; 104(4): 650-653 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2004.01.015
  31. Marr L. Soft drinks, childhood overweight, and the role of nutrition educators: Let's base our solutions on reality and sound scince. J Am Diet Assoc 2004; 36(5): 258-265
  32. Reilly JK, Lanou AJ, Barnard ND, Seidl K, Green AA. Acceptaility of soymilk as a calcium-rich beverage in elementary school children. J Am Diet Assoc 2006; 106(4): 590-593 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2006.01.010