Journal of Ecology and Environment

한국생태학회 (The Ecological Society of Korea)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Responses of Shorebirds to Disturbance at Roosting Sites

  • 발행 : 2007.02.28
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The sources and the frequency of disturbances and the responses of shorebirds to disturbances were studied at four roosting sites on Ganghwa Island and Yeongjong Island. The mean frequency of disturbance to roosting shorebirds was 2.7 per hour. Human activities contributed to the disturbance in 65% of all cases. Disturbance frequencies in saltpans were higher than those in the upper tidal zone, fishponds and salt marshes. Response patterns of shorebirds to disturbances were associated with the source of the disturbance. Disturbance caused shorebirds to change their behavior and to reduce roosting time at their roosting sites. Four patterns of responses by roosting shorebirds to disturbance were found, including: (1) leaving the roosts, (2) changing their location within the site, (3) leaving and returning, and (4) remaining in place. In the latter three response patterns, the birds tended to remain in their initial roosting sites, in contrast with the leaving pattern, which involved departing from the roosting area. Factors affecting these response patterns were time from high tide and time of day. When the time from high tide was greater, and the time of day was later, more birds stayed at the roost. The absence of sufficient alternative roosts in the study areas forced the birds to choose between tolerating the current disturbance, or moving to distant roosts.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Burger J. 1981. The effect of human activity on birds at a coastal bay. Biol Conserv 21: 231-241 https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-3207(81)90092-6
  2. Burger J. 1986. The effect of human activity on shorebirds in two coastal bays in the northeastern United States. Environ Conserv 13: 123-130 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0376892900036717
  3. Cayford J. 1993. Wader disturbance: a theoretical overview. Wader Study Group Bull 68: 3-5
  4. Cornelius C, Navarrete SA, Marquet PA. 2001. Effects of human activities on the structure of coastal marine bird assemblages in central Chile. Conserv Biol 15: 1396-1404 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2001.00163.x
  5. Davidson NC, Rothwell PI. 1993. Human disturbance to waterfowl on estuaries: conservation and coastal management implications of current knowledge. Wader Study Group Bull 68: 97-105
  6. Fitzpatrick S, Bouchez B. 1998. Effects of recreational disturbance on the foraging behavior of waders on a rocky beach. Bird Study 45: 157-171 https://doi.org/10.1080/00063659809461088
  7. Furness RW. 1973. Roost selection by waders. Scottish Birds 7: 281-287
  8. Gill JA, Norris K, Sutherland WJ. 2001. Why behavioral responses may not reflect the population consequences of human disturbance. Biol Conserv 97: 265-268 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(00)00002-1
  9. Kirby JS, Clee C, Seager V. 1993. Impact and extent of recreational disturbance to wader roosts on the Dee estuary: some preliminary results. Wader Study Group Bull 68: 53-58
  10. Korschgen CE, Dahlgren RB. 1992. Human disturbance of waterfowl: causes, effects, and management. Waterfowl Management Handbook. Fish and Wildlife Leaflet 13.2.15
  11. Lafferty KD. 2001a. Birds at a southern california beach: seasonality, habitat use and disturbance by human activity. Biodiversity and Conservation 10: 1049-1062
  12. Lafferty KD. 2001b. Disturbance to wintering western snowy plovers. Biol Conserv 101: 315-325 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(01)00075-1
  13. Meire PM. 1991. Effects of a substantial reduction in intertidal area on numbers and densities of waders. Acta Int Ornithol Congr XX: 2219-2227
  14. NORI-National Oceanographic Research Institute. 2001. 2002 Tide tables (Coast of Korea). NORI, Incheon
  15. Nudds RL, Bryant DM. 2000. The energetic cost of short flights in birds. J Exp Biol 203: 1561-1572
  16. Pfister C, Harrington BA, Lavine M. 1992. The impact of human disturbance on shorebirds at a migration staging area. Biol Conserv 60: 115-126 https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-3207(92)91162-L
  17. Puttick GM. 1979. Foraging behaviour and activity budgets of Curlew Sandpipers. Ardea 67: 111-122
  18. Rehfisch MM, Clark NA, Langston RHW, Greenwood JJD. 1996. A guide to the provision of refuges for waders: an analysis of 30 years of ringing data from the Wash, England. J Appl Ecol 33: 373-687
  19. Smit C, Visser JM. 1993. Effects of disturbance on shorebirds: a summary of existing knowledge from the Dutch Wadden Sea and Delta area. Wader Study Group Bull 68: 6-19
  20. Stock M. 1993. Studies on the effects of disturbances on staging Brent Geese: a progress report. Wader Study Group Bull 68: 29-34
  21. Urfi AJ, Goss-Custard JD, Durell SEAle Vdit. 1996. The ability of oystercatchers Haematopus ostralegus to compensate for lost feeding time: field studies on individually marked birds. J Appl Ecol 33: 873-883 https://doi.org/10.2307/2404958