Swelling Patterns and relevant Hydraulic Conductivities of Na-Bentonite under Various Acidic and Alkali conditions

산과 알칼리 조건하에서 Na-벤토나이트의 팽창경향과 상대적 수리전도도

  • Chung, Doug-Young (Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agricultural and Life Science, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Yang, Jae E. (Division of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Oh, Taek-G. (Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agricultural and Life Science, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Kyo-S. (Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agricultural and Life Science, Chungnam National University)
  • 정덕영 (충남대학교 생물환경화학) ;
  • 양재의 (강원대학교 자원생물환경학과) ;
  • 오택근 (충남대학교 생물환경화학) ;
  • 이교석 (충남대학교 생물환경화학)
  • Received : 2007.01.22
  • Accepted : 2007.02.15
  • Published : 2007.02.28

Abstract

We investigated the effects of solution pH on swelling characteristics and relevant hydraulic conductivity of different particle sizes of Na-bentonite which have significantly high swelling capacity. The results showed that the time taken to reach the maximum swelling indexes for all pH levels ranged from 84 hours and 156 hours for pH 6.5 or above by NaOH and pH 3.5 by HCl, respectively. The maximum swelling index slightly increased with increasing particle size, while the maximum swelling indexes were less or approximately half of that of the indigenous Na-bentonite. The changes in swelling indexes before and after solution treatment were distinctive in acidic condition, especially in pH 3.5 by HCl while there were not much differences in alkali condition. For hydraulic conductivities of fully swelled Na-bentonite in a given solution pH, elution did not occur under pressure below 1 bar. But elution started as the pressure was raised to 1.5 bars or above after 500 seconds. The stabilized hydraulic conductivities observed from 1.5, 3.0, and 5.0 bars ranged from $7{\times}10^{-3}cm\;day^{-1}$ to $6{\times}10^{-3}cm\;day^{-1}$, indicating that the hydraulic conductivities were slightly higher in acidic condition than that of normal condition.

높은 팽창능을 가진 서로 다른 입경의 Na-bentonite의 팽창특성과 상대적 수리전도도를 서로 다른 pH 조건하에서 조사하였다. 조사 결과 최대 팽창에 도달하는 시간은 각각 pH 6.5 이상의 조건에서는 84 시간 그리고 염산으로 처리한 pH 3.5 조건에서는 156 시간 정도가 소요되었다. 그리고 이와 같은 pH 조건하에서 팽창은 중류수로 처리시의 50 % 정도이나 입경이 증가할수록 최대 팽창지수는 다소 증가하는 경향을 보여주었다. 한편 처리 전후의 변화는 HCl으로 처리된 pH 3.5에서는 변화가 매우 크나 알카리 조건에서는 변화가 거의 없었다. 완전히 팽창된 조건하에서 수리전도도는 대기압이나 1 bar 정도의 수두압하에서는 용출이 발생하지 않았다. 그러나 인위적으로 가한 수두압이 1.5bar 이상으로 약 500초 정도 가해졌을 때 용출이 발생하기 시작하였다. 1.5, 3.0, 그리고 5.0 bars 조건하에서 안정화된 수리전도도는 $7{\times}10^{-3}cm\;day^{-1}$ 내지 $6{\times}10^{-3}cm\;day^{-1}$, 정도로 조사되었다. 그리고 수리전도도는 증류수로 처리하였을 때보다 산성조건하에서 다소 높은 것으로 조사되었다.

Keywords

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