Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP (대한전자공학회논문지SP)

The Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers (대한전자공학회)
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An Effective of Rate Control for Scene Change in H.264/AVC

장면전환에 효율적인 H.264/AVC 비트율 제어 기법

  • 손남례 (건국대학교 인터넷.미디어학부) ;
  • 신윤정 (광주대학교 컴퓨터공학과) ;
  • 이귀상 (전남대학교 컴퓨터정보학부)
  • Published : 2007.01.25
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Abstract

In recent years, rate control is an important technique in real time video communication applications using H.264/AVC. Many existing rate control algorithms employ the quadratic rate-distortion model, which is determine the target bits for each P frame. In this paper, a new rate control algorithm for transmission of H.264/AVC video bit stream through CBR(Constant Bit Rate) channel is proposed. The proposed algorithm predicts an adaptive QP(Quantization Parameter) for improving video distortion, due to high motion and abruptly scene change, which target bit rate and MAD(Mean of Absolute Difference) for current frame considering image complexity variance between previous and current frames. Additionally, it uses frame skip technique to maintain bit stream within a manageable range and protect buffer from overflow or underflow. Experimental results show that the proposed method gives a quality improvement of about 0.5dB when compared to previous rate control algorithm. Also our proposed algorithm encodes the video sequences with less frame skipping compared to the existing rate control for H.264/AVC.

H.264/AVC 표준은 기존의 부호화 기법보다 뛰어난 압축 성능 때문에 비디오 데이터의 압축과 전송에 널리 응용될 것으로 전망된다. 그러나 H.264/AVC 표준도 기존의 비디오 압축표준과 마찬가지로 가변길이부호화 방식을 따르기 때문에, 동영상을 부호화할 때 발생하는 데이터량은 시간의 흐름에 따라 큰 폭으로 변한다. 이 때문에 PSTN이나 ISDN 망과 같이 대역폭이 고정된 네트워크를 통해 비디오 비트 스트림을 전송하고자 할 경우에는 부호기로부터 출력되는 비트량을 제어할 필요가 있다. 본 논문에서는 전송율이 고정된 비디오 전송채널 환경에서 H.264/AVC 부호화 기법으로 압축된 영상 데이터를 전송할 때 장면전환에 효율적인 비트율 제어 방식을 제안한다. 즉, 제안하는 비트율 제어 방식은 장면 전환과 같이 움직임이 많은 부분에서는 이전 프레임과 현재 프레임간의 움직임 변화량을 예측하여 움직임의 양에 따라 2차원 RD 모델 식을 수정하여 프레임 단위로 비트량을 효율적으로 제어하는 방법이다. 또한 장면전환이 많은 영상일 경우에 버퍼의 넘침을 방지하기 위해서 효율적인 프레임 스킵 방법을 제안한다. 실험 결과는 화면간 움직임이 많은 영상의 경우, 기존의 비트량 제어 방법이 채널 전송에 부적합할 정도로 비트량을 초과하지만, 제안한 방법은 채널 전송에 적합하게 효율적으로 부호화한다. 또한 기존 비트율 방법보다 제안한 방법의 프레임 스킵 개수가 적어 화면간의 끊김 현상이 줄었다.

Keywords

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