Effects of Oocyte Maturational Age and Activation Conditions on the Development of Porcine Parthenogenetic Embryos

  • Kwon, Dae-Jin (School of Veterinary Medicine Kangwon National University) ;
  • Park, Joo-Hee (School of Veterinary Medicine Kangwon National University) ;
  • Park, Choon-Keun (College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Yang, Boo-Keun (College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Cheong, Hee-Tae (School of Veterinary Medicine Kangwon National University)
  • Published : 2007.06.30

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of oocyte maturational age and activation condition on in vitro development of porcine parthenogenetic embryos (parthenotes). Porcine follicular oocytes were matured in vitro for 30 to 44 hr. Maturation rate was examined during in vitro maturation (IVM) every 2 hr interval. The cdc2 kinase activity was measured at 36 and 44 hr of IVM. Some oocytes were activated at 36 or 44 hr of IVM by three different conditions; 1) single electric stimulation (1.5 kV/cm for $30{\mu}sec$; ES), 2) double electric stimulations (1.5 kV/cm for $30{\mu}sec$, followed by 1.0 kV/cm for $50{\mu}sec$ after 1 hr; ES+ES) or 3) ES+ES followed by culture in 6-dimethlyaminopurine (6-DMAP) for 4 hr (ES+ES+D), and cultured for 6-7 days. Maturation rate was significantly increased as culture period was increased to 36 hr (66.9%, p<0.05), and then gradually increased to 87.1% at 44 hr of IVM. The cdc2 kinase activity was decreased (p<0.05) with culture period prolonged from 36 hr to 44 hr. Lower blastocyst formation rate (4.3%, p<0.05) were obtained by ES in 36 hr-matured oocytes compared to other treatments (16.5 and 20.5%) in the same age and the same treatment in 44 hr-matured oocytes (15.0%). High blastocyst formation rate (23.6%) was obtained by ES+ES+D in 44 hr-matured oocytes (p<0.05). These results demonstrate that porcine oocyte activation and in vitro development of parthenotes can be affected by interactions between oocyte maturational age and activation condition.

Keywords

References

  1. Anas M-KI, Shoho A, Shimada M, Terada T (2000): Effects of wortmannin on the kinetics of GVBD and the activities of the maturation-promoting factor and mitogen-activated protein kinase during bovine oocyte maturation in vitro. Theriogenology 53:1797-1806 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(00)00315-0
  2. Baguisi A, Behboodi E, Melican DT, Pollock JS, Destrempes MM, Cammuso C, Williams JL, Nims SD, Porter CA, Midura P, Palacios MJ, Ayres SL, Denniston RS, Hayes ML, Ziomek CA, Meade HM, Godke RA, Gavin WG, Overstrom EW, Echelard Y (1999): Production of goats by somatic cell nuclear transfer. Nat Biotechnol 17:456-461 https://doi.org/10.1038/8632
  3. Cheong HT, Ikeda K, Martinez Diaz MA, Katagiri D, Takahashi Y (2000): Development of reconstituted pig embryos by nuclear transfer of cultured cumulus cells. Reprod Fertil Dev 12:15-20 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD00051
  4. Cheong HT, Park KW, Im GS, Lai L, Sun Q-Y, Day BN, Prather RS (2002): Effect of elevated $Ca^{2+}$concentration in fusion/activation medium on the fusion and development of porcine fetal fibroblast nuclear transfer embryos. Mol Reprod Dev 61:488-492 https://doi.org/10.1002/mrd.10110
  5. Du F, Jiang S, Yang X (1995): Beneficial effect of oocyte activation prior to and during nuclear transfer in cattle using in vitro matured oocytes 24 hr of age. Reprod Nutr Dev 35:703-721 https://doi.org/10.1051/rnd:19950610
  6. Fissore RA, Robl J (1992): Intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ response of rabbit oocytes to electrical stimulation. Mol Reprod Dev 32:9-16 https://doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080320103
  7. Funahashi H, Stumpf TT, Cantley TC, Kim NH, Day BN (1995): Pronuclear formation and intracellular glutathione content of in vitro-matured porcine oocytes following in vitro fertilization and/or electrical activation. Zygote 3:273-281 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0967199400002677
  8. Hagen DR, Prather RS, First NL (1991): Response of porcine oocytes to electrical and chemical activation during maturation in vitro. Mol Reprod Dev 28:70-73 https://doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080280111
  9. Ito J, Shimada M, Terada T (2001): Progression of nuclear maturation and $p34^{cdc2}$ kinase activity in porcine oocytes during in vitro culture in different media. J Mamm Ova Res 18:39-43 https://doi.org/10.1274/jmor.18.39
  10. Kagii H, Naito K, Sugiura K, Iwamori N, Ohashi S, Goto S, Yamanouchi K, Tojo H (2000): Requirement of mitogen-activated protein kinase activation for the meiotic resumption of porcine oocytes. J Reprod Dev 46:249-256 https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.46.249
  11. Kano K, Miyano T, Kato S (1998): Effects of glycosaminoglycans on the development of in vitro-matured and - fertilized porcine oocytes to the blastocyst stage in vitro. Biol Reprod 58:1226-1232 https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod58.5.1226
  12. Kikuchi K, Izaike Y, Noguchi J, Furukawa T, Daen FP, Naito K, Toyoda Y (1995): Decrease of histone H1 kinase activity in relation to parthenogenetic activation of pig follicular oocytes matured and aged in vitro. J Reprod Fertil 105:325-330 https://doi.org/10.1530/jrf.0.1050325
  13. Koo DB, Kang YK, Choi YH, Park JS, Han SK, Park IY, Kim SU, Lee KK, Son DS, Chang WK, Han YM (2000): In vitro development of reconstructed porcine oocytes after somatic cell nuclear transfer. Biol Reprod 63:986-992 https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod63.4.986
  14. Liu L, Ju J-C, Yang X (1998): Parthenogenetic development and protein patterns of newly matured bovine oocytes after chemical activation. Mol Reprod Dev 49:298-307 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199803)49:3<298::AID-MRD10>3.0.CO;2-T
  15. Naito K, Daen FP, Toyoda Y (1992): Comparison of histone H1 kinase activity during meiotic maturation between two types of porcine oocytes matured in different media in vitro. Biol Reprod 47: 43-47 https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod47.1.43
  16. Piotrowska K, Modlinski JA, Korwin-Kossakowski M, Karasiewicz J (2000): Effects of preactivation of ooplasts or synchronization of blastomere nuclei in G1 on pre-implantation development of rabbit serial nuclear transfer embryos. Biol Reprod 63:677-682 https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod63.3.677
  17. Polejaeva IA, Chen SH, Vaught TD, Page RL, Mullins J, Ball S, Dai Y, Boone J, Walker S, Ayares DL, Colman A, Campbell KHS (2000): Cloned pigs produced by nuclear transfer from adult somatic cells. Nature 407:86-90 https://doi.org/10.1038/35024082
  18. Saunders CM, Larman MG, Parrington J, Cox LJ, Royse J, Blayney LM, Swann K, Lai FA (2002): PLC zeta: a sperm-specific trigger of Ca2+ oscillations in eggs and embryo development. Development 129:3533-3544
  19. Soloy E, Kauka J, Viuff D, Smith SD, Callesen H, Greve T (1997): Time course of pronuclear deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in parthenogenetically activated bovine oocytes. Biol Reprod 57:27-35 https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod57.1.27
  20. Sun FZ, Hoyland J, Huang Z, Mason W, Moor RM (1992): A comparison of intracellular changes in porcine eggs after fertilization and electroactivation. Development 115:947-956
  21. Susko-Parrish JL, Leiberied-Rutledge ML, Northey DL, Schutzkus V, First NL (1994): Inhibition of protein kinases after an induced calcium transient causes transition of bovine oocytes to embryonic cycles without meiotic completion. Dev Biol 166: 729-739 https://doi.org/10.1006/dbio.1994.1351
  22. Verma PJ, Du Z-T, Crocker L, Faast R, Grupen CG, McIlfatrick SM, Ashman RJ, Lyons IG, Nottle MB (2000): In vitro development of porcine nuclear transfer embryos constructed using fetal fibroblasts. Mol Reprod Dev 57:262-269 https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-2795(200011)57:3<262::AID-MRD8>3.0.CO;2-X
  23. Wakayama T, Perry ACF, Zuccotti M, Johnson KR, Yanagimachi R (1998): Full-term development of mice from enucleated oocytes injected with cumulus cell nuclei. Nature 394:369-374 https://doi.org/10.1038/28615
  24. Wang WH, Abeydeera LR, Prather RS, Day BN (1998): Functional analysis of activation of porcine oocytes by spermatozoa, calcium ionophore and electrical pulse. Mol Reprod Dev 51:346-352 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199811)51:3<346::AID-MRD15>3.0.CO;2-0
  25. Wehrend A, Meinecke B (2001): Kinetics of meiotic progression, M-phase promoting factor (MPF) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) activities during in vitro maturation of porcine and bovine oocytes: species specific differences in the length of the meiotic stages. Anim Repord Sci 66: 175-184 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4320(01)00094-X
  26. Wells DN, Misica PM, Tervit HR (1999): Production of cloned calves following nuclear transfer with cultured adult mural granulosa cells. Biol Reprod 60:996-1005 https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod60.4.996
  27. Wilmut I, Schnieke AE, McWhir J, Kind AJ, Campbell KHS (1997): Viable offspring derived from fetal and adult mammalian cells. Nature 385:810-813 https://doi.org/10.1038/385810a0
  28. Yang X, Presicce GA, Moraghan L, Jiang S, Foote RH (1994): Synergistic effect of ethanol and cycloheximide on activation of freshly matured bovine oocytes. Theriogenology 41:395-403 https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-691X(94)90075-T
  29. Ye J, Flint APF, Campbell KHS, Luck MR (2002): Synchronization of porcine oocyte meiosis using cycloheximide and its application to the study of regulation by cumulus cells. Reprod Fertil Dev 14: 433-442 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD02037