Journal of Life Science (생명과학회지)

Korean Society of Life Science (한국생명과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Ca2+ Regulators affect the Gravitropism and Ethylene Production Induced by Malformin A1 in Maize Root

옥수수 뿌리에서 칼슘 이온 조절제가 malformin A1에 의해 유도된 굴중성과 에틸렌 생합성에 미치는 영향

  • Hong, Sung-Hyun (Department of Biological Sciences, Andong National University) ;
  • Oh, Seung-Eun (Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University) ;
  • Kim, Kun-Woo (School of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University) ;
  • Jeong, Hyung-Jin (School of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University) ;
  • Kim, Soon-Young (Department of Biological Sciences, Andong National University)
  • 홍성현 (안동대학교 자연과학대학 생명과학과) ;
  • 오승은 (건국대학교 이과대학 생명과학과) ;
  • 김건우 (안동대학교 생명자원과학부) ;
  • 정형진 (안동대학교 생명자원과학부) ;
  • 김순영 (안동대학교 자연과학대학 생명과학과)
  • Published : 2007.02.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Treatment of malformin A1 is known to increase ethylene production 130% at 4 hr and 56% at 8 hr after treatment in maize root compared to untreated plants. The ethylene production by malformin A1 was maximum level at 4 hr and slowly decreased up to 8 hr. Calcium ion regulators such as A23187 (calcium ionophore) and verapamil (calcium channel blocker) stimulated ethylene production. Treatment of both calcium ion regulators increased about 30% of ethylene production at 4 hr, and 20% at 8 hr. Both calcium ion regulators did not stimulate malformin A1-induced ethylene production at 4 hr as malformin A1 itself did. However, the treatment of calcium ion regulators with malformin A1 maintains the ethylene production for 8 hr. These results suggested that the proper concentration of calcium might need to confer the effect of malformin A1 on the ethylene production. Malformin A1 suppressed the gravitropic curvature of maize root about 58% at 4 hr and 42% at 8 hr compared to control plant. Verapamil inhibited the gravitropic curvature about 54% at 4 hr and 23% at 8 hr compared to control, respectively. But A23187 could not. In addition, verapamil showed more inhibition in malformin A1-induced gravitropic curvature than A23187 in malformin A1 induced. These data suggested that calcium ion regulators affect the malformin A1-induced ethylene production and gravitropic curvature, and give the evidence that calcium ion play an important role in gravitropic curvature in maize root.

malformin A1은 옥수수 뿌리에서 대조구와 비교하여 에틸렌 생성을 4시간에는 130%, 8시간에는 56%를 각각 촉진하였다. 에틸렌 생성량이 4시간을 최대로 하여 8시간까지 서서히 증가율이 감소하였다. 칼슘 이온 조절제인 A23187 (calcium ionophore)과 verapamil (calcium channel blocker)을 각각 단독으로 처리한 경우 모두 대조구와 비교하여 4시간에는 30%, 8시간에는 20% 정도로 에틸렌 생성을 촉진하였다. 칼슘 이온 조절제가 malformin A1에 의해 유도된 에틸렌 생성에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과 4시간에는 malformin A1만 처리하였을 경우에 관찰되는 수준만큼 촉진되지 않았지만 칼슘 이온 조절제의 촉진 효과는 8시간까지 유지되었다. 이러한 결과는 malformin A1이 에틸렌 생성을 촉진하기 위하여 적절한 칼슘 농도가 필요할 가능성을 제시하고 있다. Malformin A1은 굴중성 굴곡 반응을 대조구와 비교하여 4시간과 8시간에 각각 58%와 42% 정도 억제하였다. A23187과 달리, verapamil은 굴중성 굴곡반응을 4시간과 8시간에 대조구와 비교하여 각각 54%와 23%를 억제하였다. 더 나아가 verapamil은 malformin A1에 의해 유도된 굴중성 굴곡 반응을 A23187보다 더 억제하였다. 이러한 결과는 칼슘이온 조절제가 malformin A1에 의해 유도된 옥수수 뿌리의 굴중성 반응에 영향을 주며, 칼슘 이온이 굴중성 반응에 중요한 역할을 한다는 증거를 제시한다.

Keywords

References

  1. Bush S. D. 1995. Calcium regulation in plant cells and its role in signaling. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 46, 95-122 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pp.46.060195.000523
  2. Chatterjee A., D. M. Porterfield, P. S. Smith and S. J. Roux. 2000. Gravity-directed calcium current in germinating spores of Ceratopteris richardii. Planta 210, 607-610 https://doi.org/10.1007/s004250050050
  3. Chen R., E. Rosen and P. H. Masson. 1999. Gravitropism in higher plants. Plant Physiol. 120, 343-350 https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.120.2.343
  4. Curtis, R. W. 1958. Curvatures and malformation in bean plants caused by culture filtrates of Aspergillus niger. Plant Physiol. 33, 17-22 https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.33.1.17
  5. Curtis, R. W. and W. W. John. 1975. Effect of malformin on phytochrome- and ethrel-mediated responses. Plant Cell Physiol. 16, 719-728
  6. Gallardo M., M. del Carmen Gomez-Jimenes and A. Matilla. 1999. Involvement of calcium in ACC-oxidase activity from Cier arietinum seed embryonic axes. Phytochemistry 50, 373-376 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00591-3
  7. Gehring C. A., D. A. Williams, S. H. Coby and R. W. Parish. 1990. Phototropism and geotropism in maize coleoptiles are spatially correlated with increases in cytosolic free calcium. Nature 345, 528-530 https://doi.org/10.1038/345528a0
  8. Kim, K. W., F. Sugawara, S. Yoshida, N. Murofushi, N. Takahashi and R. W. Curtis. 1993. Structure of malformin A, a phototoxic metabolite produced by Aspergillus niger. Biosci. Biotech Biochem. 57, 240-243 https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.57.240
  9. Kim, S. Y., A. Cho, K. W. Kim and S. E. Oh. 2004. Dose-dependent effects of malformin A1 on IAA-induced ethylene production in mung bean (Vignqa radiata L.) hypocotyls segments. J. Plant Biol. 47, 254-261 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03030516
  10. Kim, S. Y., Y. Kim, K. S. Kwon and K. W. Kim. 2000. Action of malformin A1 on gravitropic curvature in primary roots of maize (Zea mays L.). J. Plant Biol. 43, 183-188 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03030417
  11. Lee J. S., T. J. Mulkey and M. L. Evans. 1983. Reversible loss of gravitropic sensitivity in maize roots after tip application of calcium chelators. Science 220, 1375-1377 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.220.4604.1375
  12. Oh S. E., S. Hong, K. W. Kim and S. Y. Kim. 2004. Malformin A1 stimulates the ethylene production in primary roots of maize (Zea mays L.). Agric. Chem. Biotecnol. 47, 56-59
  13. Plieth C. and A. J. Trewavas. 2002. Reorientation of seedlings in the earth's gravitational field induces cytosolic calcium transients. Plant Physiol. 129, 736-796
  14. Roux S. J. and B. S. Serlin. 1987. cellular mechanisms controlling light-stimulated gravitropism: role of calcium. CRC Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 5, 205-236 https://doi.org/10.1080/07352688709382240