Abstract
We consider the discrete-time $Geo^x/G/1$ queues under N-policy with multiple vacations (a single vacation) and setup time. In this queueing system, the server takes multiple vacations (a single vacation) whenever the system becomes empty, and he begins to serve the customers after setup time only if the queue length is at least a predetermined threshold value N. Using the heuristic approach, we derive the mean waiting time for both vacation models. We demonstrate that the heuristic approach is also useful for the discrete-time queues.