Antibody persistence after Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) primary vaccination and response to boosters in Korean children

한국 소아에서 Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) 기초 예방 접종 후 항체 지속과 추가 접종에 대한 반응

  • Lee, Hyunju (Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Park, So Eun (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Pochon Cha University) ;
  • Lim, Soo Young (Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Choi, Kyong Min (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kwandong University) ;
  • Lee, Hoan Jong (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Kyung Hyo (Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University)
  • 이현주 (이화여자대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 박소은 (포천중문 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 임수영 (이화여자대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실) ;
  • 최경민 (관동대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 이환종 (서울대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 김경효 (이화여자대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실)
  • Received : 2007.01.22
  • Accepted : 2007.04.15
  • Published : 2007.05.15

Abstract

Purpose : Antibody persistence after primary series of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine and responses to a boosters are little known in Korean children. We performed this study to evaluate the antibody titer in relation with a booster immunization of Hib vaccine in Korean children. Methods : One hundred forty-four children aged 12-23 months old were enrolled in three university hospitals. The immunogenicity of a boosters with Hib vaccine was assessed in children previously primed with Hib vaccine. Antibody persistence was also assessed in children who had received 3 doses of Hib vaccine without a booster. Anti-polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) IgG antibody levels and bactericidal titers were determined by enzyme immunoassay and bactericidal assay at the Center for Vaccine Evaluation and Study, Medical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University. Results : Prior to a booster in the second year of life, geometric mean antibody concentrations were $2.39{\mu}g/mL$ and the percent of subjects who had a anti-PRP antibody level ${\geq}1{\mu}g/mL$ was 68.6%. After boosting, antibody concentration was $19.09{\mu}g/mL$ and the percent of subjects who had a anti-PRP antibody level ${\geq}1{\mu}g/mL$ was 96.5%, which reflects previous immune priming. In subjects who had finished primary immunization only, the bactericidal titer was 3,946 and in subjects who had a booster, it was 11,205. Anti-PRP antibody level was correlated with serum bactericidal titer. Conclusion : Many children aged 12-23 month old still had protective antibodies after recommended primary immunization only. A booster dose seemed to induce good anamnestic antibody responses in Korean children.

목 적 : 우리나라에서 Hib 백신을 기본 예방접종에 포함시키는 것을 고려할 때 우리나라의 Hib 질환의 역학, 우리나라 소아의 Hib 백신에 대한 면역 반응에 대한 연구가 있어야 한다. 본 연구는 우리나라 소아에서 면역원성에 근거한 추가접종의 필요성 여부를 확인하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2006년 6월부터 2006년 12월까지 이화여자대학교 동대문 병원, 강남 차병원, 관동대 명지병원에 내원하여 검사를 위해 혈액 채취의 기회가 있었던 12-23개월 사이의 소아 144명을 대상으로 하였다. 분리된 혈청으로 항 PRP 항체가를 효소면역법으로 측정하였고, 혈청 살균 능력 측정을 시행하였다. 결 과 : 추가접종까지 완료한 군의 항 PRP 항체의 기하평균은 기초접종을 완료한 군이나 접종하지 않은 군의 기하평균보다 높았다(P<0.05). 항 PRP 항체가가 $1.0{\mu}g/mL$ 이상인 비율은 추가접종까지 완료한 군은 96.5%로 다른 세 군에 비해, 기초접종을 완료한 군은 68.6%로 접종하지 않은 군의 30.0%에 비해 양성률이 높았다(P<0.05). 평균 살균 역가는 추가접종까지 완료한 군이 11,205로 기초접종을 완료한 군의 3,946보다 높았다(P<0.05). 항 PRP 항체가와 살균 역가는 양의 상관관계에 있었다(R=0.60). 결 론 : 우리나라 소아는 Hib 백신의 기초 접종 후 12-23개월의 나이에 많은 경우에서 방어 농도 이상의 항체가를 여전히 가지고 있었다. 추가접종에 대한 면역 기억 반응도 좋아 추가 접종 받은 소아의 항체가는 받지 않은 소아에 비해 의미 있게 높았다. 우리나라에 Hib 백신의 도입과 접종 횟수를 결정하기 위해서 지속적인 연구가 필요하다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 질병관리본부

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