Molecules and Cells

Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology (한국분자세포생물학회)
권호 표지

Hydroquinone, a Reactive Metabolite of Benzene, Reduces Macrophage-mediated Immune Responses

  • Lee, Ji Yeon (School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Kim, Joo Young (School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lee, Yong Gyu (School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Shin, Won Cheol (School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Chun, Taehoon (Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University) ;
  • Rhee, Man Hee (College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Cho, Jae Youl (School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University)
  • Received : 2006.11.27
  • Accepted : 2007.01.31
  • Published : 2007.04.30
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Abstract

Hydroquinone is a toxic compound and a major benzene metabolite. We report that it strongly inhibits the activation of macrophages and associated cells. Thus, it suppressed the production of proinflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$, interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$, IL-3, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-23], secretion of toxic molecules [nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS)] and the activation and expression of CD29 as judged by cell-cell adhesion and surface staining experiments. The inhibition was due to the induction of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 in LPS-activated macrophages, since blocking HO-1 activity with ZnPP, an HO-1 specific inhibitor, abolished hydroquinone's NO inhibitory activity. In addition, hydroquinone and inhibitors (wortmannin and LY294002) of the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway had very similar inhibitory effects on LPS-induced and CD29-mediated macrophage responses, including the phoshorylation of Akt. Therefore, our data suggest that hydroquinone inhibits macrophage-mediated immune responses by modulating intracellular signaling and protective mechanisms.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : Kangwon Bio-NURI, Korea Research Foundation

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