Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
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Testicular Expression of Steroidogenic Enzyme Genes Is Related to a Transient Increase in Serum 19-nortestosterone during Neonatal Development in Pigs

  • Choi, Nag-Jin (Hanwoo Experiment Station, National Institute of Animal Science) ;
  • Hyun, Jin Hee (Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Choi, Jae Min (Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Lee, Eun Ju (Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Cho, Kyung Hyun (School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Kim, Yunje (Center for Environmental Technology Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Chang, Jongsoo (Department of Agricultural Science, Korea National Open University) ;
  • Chung, Il Byung (Hanwoo Experiment Station, National Institute of Animal Science) ;
  • Chung, Chung Soo (Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Choi, Inho (Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University)
  • Received : 2007.04.17
  • Accepted : 2007.07.04
  • Published : 2007.12.01
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Abstract

Cytochrome P450 aromatase is responsible for the biosynthesis of estrogen. It is also responsible for the endogenous production of 19-nortestosterone (nandrolone), an anabolic androgen unique to pigs. Plasma concentrations of 19-nortestosterone are highest between two and four weeks after birth in male pigs. In the present study, the physiology of 19-nortestosterone was investigated by measuring the mRNA levels of steroidogenic enzymes, estrogen receptors and androgen receptor in the tissues of growing pigs. The expression of aromatase, 17${\alpha}$-hydroxylase and 3${\beta}$-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the testes of male piglets increased between birth and two weeks of age, and then decreased progressively. Similar developmental expressional patterns were observed for 17${\alpha}$-hydroxylase and 3${\beta}$-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the ovaries of female piglets, but without significant aromatase expression. The major form of aromatase expressed in the testes of piglets was identified as type I. Expression of estrogen receptor-${\alpha}$ and -${\beta}$and androgen receptor genes was also detected in both testes and ovaries. A transient elevation of androgen receptor mRNA in male piglets at two weeks of age was also observed in testes. Significant expression of the androgen receptor gene, but not of estrogen receptor-${\alpha}$ and -${\beta}$ genes, was also demonstrated in adipose tissue and muscle. We conclude that the observed increase in the testicular expression of aromatase in male pigs could account for the production of large amounts of 19-nortestosterone at between two and four weeks of age in males. Androgen receptor and 19-nortestosterone appeared to be important for testicular development and might contribute to sexual dimorphism in body composition and muscle development in juvenile pigs.

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References

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