The Palliative Effect of Endobronchial Brachytherapy for Previously Irradiated Patients with Lung Cancer

이전에 외부방사선치료를 받은 폐암 환자에서 기관지내 근접치료의 고식적 효과

  • Park, Young-Je (Departments of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, Korea University) ;
  • Kim, Kwang-Taik (Departments of Thoracic Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University) ;
  • Yang, Dae-Sik (Departments of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, Korea University) ;
  • Lee, Suk (Departments of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, Korea University) ;
  • Kim, Chul-Yang (Departments of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, Korea University)
  • 박영제 (고려대학교 의과대학 방사선종양학교실) ;
  • 김광택 (고려대학교 의과대학 흉부외과교실) ;
  • 양대식 (고려대학교 의과대학 방사선종양학교실) ;
  • 이석 (고려대학교 의과대학 방사선종양학교실) ;
  • 김철용 (고려대학교 의과대학 방사선종양학교실)
  • Published : 2007.09.30

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the palliative effect of endobronchial brachytherapy (EBB) for patients with lung cancer that previously received external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). Materials and Methods: From July 1992 to May 2003, 29 patients with a recurrent or persistent lung cancer were treated with palliative EBB at our institute. EBB consisted of three fractions (once a week) of a dose of 5 Gy using the high dose-rate remote afterloader. Symptomatic improvement was assessed subjectively, and patients were divided into two groups according to whether symptoms were improved or not. Factors such as age, performance status, duration from EBRT to EBB and the location of the tumor were compared between the improved and unimproved groups of patients. Results: Overall symptomatic improvement was found in 27 out of 52 symptoms (52%). Improvement as to the type of symptoms was seen in 41 %, 50%, 82% and 33% of patients with cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, and obstructive pneumonia respectively. The rate of improvement of hemoptysis was more than that of cough (p<0.05). The median time to symptom relapse was 5 months. The improved patient group (n=17, 59%) had a better performance status and longer duration from EBRT to EBB than the unimproved patient group (p<0.05). Lesions located in the distal trachea and/or main bronchus were found more frequently in the improved group of patients than in the unimproved group of patients, but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.06). Fatal complications developed in two patients (7%), which were a hemoptysis and bronchopleural fistula respectively. Conclusion: Symptom improvement was found in 60% of patients after EBB and improvement was maintained for 5 months. Palliative EBB, even when EBRT was given previously, can be effective for a patient that has an endobronchial symptom, such as hemoptysis, and for a patient with good performance and a long duration from previous EBRT to EBB.

목적 : 과거에 고선량의 외부 방사선치료를 받은 후 재발한 폐암환자에서 기관지내 근접치료의 고식적 효과에 대해 분석하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1992년 7월부터 2003년 5월까지 고려대학교 안암병원 방사선종양학과에서 과거 외부방사선치료를 받은 후 증상을 동반한 재발에 대해 근접치료를 시행한 환자는 모두 29명이었고, 이들을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 남자, 여자가 각각 28, 1명이었고, 나이의 중앙값은 62세, 전신수행상태는 ECOG 1, 2, 3이 각각 13, 15, 1명이었다. 과거 외부방사선치료의 선량은 중앙값 54 Gy였고, 외부방사선치료 후 근접치료까지의 경과기간은 중앙값 7개월($1{\sim}102$개월)이었다. 병변의 위치는 원위기관 또는 주기관지가 20명, 엽기관지가 9명이었다. 근접치료선량은 1회 $5{\sim}6$ Gy를 주 1회씩 총 3회 치료하여 총선량 $15{\sim}18$ Gy를 목표로 하였다. 환자의 주관적인 증상의 호전 또는 악화 여부에 따라 반응을 평가하였고, 증상 호전이 있은 환자들-호전 환자군-과 그렇지 않은 환자들-비호전 환자군-로 나누어 두 군의 차이를 비교해 보았다. 결과: 기침, 호흡곤란, 객혈, 폐쇄성 폐렴이 각각 41% (9/22), 50% (8/16), 82% (9/11), 33% (1/3) 환자에서 호전을 보였고, 증상 호전의 지속기간은 중앙값 5개월($3{\sim}31$개월)이었다. 객혈은 다른 증상에 비해 더 높은 증상 호전을 보였다(p<0.05). 호전 환자군(17명, 59%)과 비호전 환자군(12명, 41%)의 특성을 비교했을 때, 나이, 이전에 받았던 외부방사선량에 따른 차이는 없었고, 전신수행상태가 좋은 환자와 외부방사선치료 후 경과기간이 길었던 환자들이 호전 환자군에 많았다(p<0.05). 병변의 위치가 엽기관지보다는 원위기관이나 주기관지의 환자가 호전 환자군에 많았으나 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다(p=0.058). 근접치료 후 발생한 치명적인 부작용으로 객혈, 기관-흉막누공이 각각 1명(7%)에게 있었다(RTOG grade 5). 결 론: 이전에 고선량의 외부방사선치료 후 기관지내에 재발한 폐암 환자에서 근접치료를 이용한 증상호전이 약 60% 환자에게 있었고, 지속기간은 중앙값 5개월이었다. 비록 이전에 방사선치료를 받았더라도 전신상태가 줄고 이전 외부방사선치료 후 경과가 길었던 환자, 특히 원위 기관이나 주기관지내 종양에 의해 객혈이 있는 환자에게는 유용한 고식적 치료가 될 수 있겠다.

Keywords

References

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